Question 1

Young children seem to know ____ about attentional processes than(as) their behavior might suggest.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that young children have a better understanding of attentional processes than their behavior might suggest. They often struggle with inhibiting their own attention and shifting it from one thing to another, but they do have a basic understanding of how attention works.

Question 2

Miller and Weiss's cross-sectional experiment with children of ages seven, 10, and 13 assessed selective attention. When the oldest children recalled fewer irrelevant details from the scenes, this result showed that

Accepted Answer

The result of the oldest children recalling fewer irrelevant details from the scenes indicates that they were better able to ignore irrelevant details. This suggests that they had developed better selective attention abilities, which is a cognitive skill that develops over time. It does not necessarily mean that they were expending less effort or that gender mattered in this case. There is also no evidence to support the idea that the younger children were less intelligent.

Question 3

What is "attention span"?

Accepted Answer

Attention span refers to the duration for which an individual can stay mentally focused on a particular task or activity without getting distracted or losing interest. It is commonly used to refer to the ability of children to stay focused on academic tasks, but it is also relevant for adults in the workplace and other settings.

Question 4

Miller and Weiss asked seven-, 10-, and 13-year-olds to remember the locations of animals hidden behind flaps. Telling the children to pay attention to the animals and to ignore other objects behind each flap

Accepted Answer

This choice is correct because as children age, their ability to selectively attend to relevant information and ignore distractions improves. Thus, older children, like the 13-year-olds in this scenario, would benefit more from instructions to ignore irrelevant information compared to younger children, who might still struggle with this task.

Question 5

Who would be able to complete homework assignments successfully while riding on a noisy school bus?

Accepted Answer

Thirteen-year-olds have better focus and concentration abilities compared to seven-year-olds and ten-year-olds. They may be able to complete homework assignments successfully even in a noisy environment like a school bus.

Question 6

A babysitter will have the easiest time taking care of a child who has a(n) ____ attention span.

Accepted Answer

A babysitter will have the easiest time taking care of a child who has a long attention span because the child will be able to focus on activities for a longer period of time and require less frequent redirection or entertainment from the babysitter.

Question 7

As the child matures, the ability to focus attention selectively on particular activities tends to

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the ability to selectively focus attention improves and strengthens as children mature. This is due to the development of executive functions in the prefrontal cortex of the brain, which allow for better cognitive control and the ability to inhibit distractions.

Question 8

It would be expected that children with short attention spans will tend to habituate

Accepted Answer

Habituation is the process of becoming less responsive to a stimulus after repeated exposure. It involves sustained attention to the stimulus. Children with short attention spans may have difficulty sustaining attention; however, they may habituate more quickly to a stimulus as they will lose interest faster, leading to a faster decline in responsiveness. Therefore, they are likely to habituate more quickly than children with normal attention spans.

Question 9

Theorists such as Kipp and Bjorklund have claimed that inhibitory processes are needed so that the child

Accepted Answer

Kipp and Bjorklund suggest that inhibitory processes are necessary for a child to be able to suppress task-irrelevant distracting thoughts. This allows the child to focus on important information and tasks, leading to better learning and cognitive development.

Question 10

Deliberate effort to memorize is most likely to be applied during the encoding of

Accepted Answer

Strategic memories involve the deliberate effort to memorize information, often through strategies such as rehearsal, organization, or elaboration, making choice B the correct answer.

Question 11

Injury to the brain's ____ would be expected to yield harmful effects on attention span.

Accepted Answer

The reticular formation, located in the brainstem, plays a crucial role in controlling arousal and consciousness, including the ability to focus and maintain attention. Damage to this area can significantly impair attention span.

Question 12

____ refers to the duration for which a child can remain continuously focused without distraction.

Accepted Answer

Attention span refers to the length of time a person (especially a child) can concentrate on a task or activity without getting distracted or bored. It is an important aspect of cognitive development and plays a crucial role in academic performance and other areas of life.

Question 13

Harry demonstrates a computer program to his sister, Sally. As Harry shows her how to open the application and create a file, he relies on his ____ memory.

Accepted Answer

Strategic memory involves using learned skills and strategies to perform tasks, such as demonstrating a computer program.

Question 14

Miller and Weiss showed that young children first develop attentional skill to apply in tasks of incidental learning by

Accepted Answer

The answer of Miller and Weiss showed that young children...

Question 15

STRATEGIC MEMORY is to EVENT MEMORY as ____ is to ____.

Accepted Answer

Strategic memory and event memory are two different types of memory. Similarly, intentional and incidental are two different types of memory processing. Faithfulness and adultery are not related to memory, and neither are utilization and production. Implicit and explicit cognition are also not directly related to memory types.

Question 16

ACTIVATION is to INHIBITION as ____ is to ____.

Accepted Answer

Activation and inhibition are opposite processes that involve increasing or decreasing neural activity. Similarly, motion and restraint are opposite actions that involve increasing or decreasing physical activity. The other choices (A, B, and D) do not demonstrate this same type of oppositional relationship.

Question 17

While trying to think about a tough problem, a child covers her ears while walking past a TV set. She covers her ears to help with

Accepted Answer

By covering her ears, the child is blocking out a potential distraction (the noise from the TV) which can help her to focus better on the tough problem she is trying to solve. This suggests that the child is trying to ignore the distractions in order to concentrate better, which is closely related to option A.

Question 18

Attention span of older children and teenagers improves because of increased myelinization of the brain's

Accepted Answer

The answer of Attention span of older children and teenagers...

Question 19

Miller and Weiss's cross-sectional experiment with children at ages seven, 10, and 13 assessed selective attention with which methodology?

Accepted Answer

Miller and Weiss's cross-sectional experiment with children at ages seven, 10, and 13 assessed selective attention by asking about unattended details shown in the scenes. This allowed for the researchers to determine the degree of selective attention for each child at each age group.

Question 20

When the child's selective attention is poor, then it may be anticipated that the child

Accepted Answer

Poor selective attention means that the child is easily distracted by external stimuli, which can lead to difficulty in concentrating on specific tasks.

Quiz 7: Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives