Question 1

The main functions of the temporal and occipital lobes,respectively,are
A)visual processing and auditory processing.
B)execution of movement and sensing texture.
C)auditory processing and visual processing.
D)somatosensory processing and visual processing.

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe is responsible for auditory processing, including language comprehension and recognition of auditory stimuli such as music and speech. The occipital lobe is responsible for visual processing, including the interpretation of visual stimuli such as color, movement, and shape. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer.

Question 2

Adrian has Alzheimer's and has a difficult time with his memory.The doctors say that his memory difficulties in part are due to the low levels of ____.
A)acetylcholine
B)dopamine
C)dratonin
D)serotonin

Accepted Answer

Low levels of acetylcholine have been linked to memory difficulties, and treatments for Alzheimer's disease often involve medications that aim to increase acetylcholine levels in the brain. The other neurotransmitters listed (dopamine, dratonin, serotonin) are not typically associated with memory function.

Question 3

Mary wakes up in the middle of the night to hear a loud thump coming from the stairway.She then hears creaking and a voice whispering.Her __________ lobe makes it possible for her to hear that there are burglars in her house.
A)occipital
B)parietal
C)temporal
D)frontal

Accepted Answer

The temporal lobe is responsible for auditory processing, allowing us to hear and understand sounds. In this scenario, Mary's ability to hear the thump, creaking, and whispering indicates that her temporal lobe is processing auditory information.

Question 4

Identify the three types of chemical substance that are involved in neurotransmission:
A)monoamine neurotransmitters,amino-acid neurotransmitters,neurobinders.
B)monoamine neurotransmitters,amino-acid neurotransmitters,neuropeptides.
C)amino-acid neurotransmitters,neurobinders,cerebropeptides.
D)monoamine neurotransmitters,neuropeptides,neurobinders.

Accepted Answer

The three types of chemical substances involved in neurotransmission are monoamine neurotransmitters (such as dopamine and serotonin), amino-acid neurotransmitters (such as glutamate and GABA), and neuropeptides (such as endorphins and substance P). While neurobinders and cerebropeptides are not actual types of chemical substances involved in neurotransmission, neuropeptides are, and they are one of the three main types along with monoamine and amino-acid neurotransmitters.

Question 5

Joe is walking around a room completely in the dark.He cannot see anything.When he feels the doorknob with his hand,he pulls the door open.What location in the brain most directly enabled him to accomplish what he attempted?
A)the temporal lobe
B)the occipital lobe
C)the parietal lobe
D)the cerebral fissures

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobe plays a key role in processing sensory information from various parts of the body, including touch (haptic perception) which enabled Joe to feel the doorknob and open the door. The occipital lobe primarily processes visual information, while the temporal lobe is involved in hearing and memory. The cerebral fissures are deep grooves that separate different regions of the brain and do not directly contribute to sensory perception or motor skills.

Question 6

Signals between neurons occur when these chemical messengers transmit information from one neuron to the next across the synaptic gap.
A)synapse
B)hormones
C)neurotransmitters
D)neurobinders

Accepted Answer

Chemical messengers that transmit information between neurons are called neurotransmitters. The synaptic gap is the tiny space between neurons where neurotransmitters are released and received. Hormones are another type of chemical messenger, but they are not involved in transmitting information specifically between neurons. Neurobinders are not a recognized term in neuroscience.

Question 7

This particular way of looking at the brain divides up the cerebral hemisphere into four parts called
A)lobes.
B)hemispheric specialization.
C)in vivo technique.
D)split brain.

Accepted Answer

The division of the cerebral hemisphere into four parts is known as lobes. These lobes are the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe. The lobes are differentiated based on their function and the type of information they process.

Question 8

The junction between terminal buttons of one neuron with the dendrites of other neurons.
A)synapse
B)terminal button
C)nodes of ranvier
D)synaptic terminal

Accepted Answer

The junction between terminal buttons of one neuron with the dendrites of other neurons is called a synapse.

Question 9

Which of the following would most involve the use of the frontal lobe?
A)Tia sees her finger in a nutcracker.
B)Tia feels incredible pain when she gets her finger caught in a nutcracker.
C)Tia hears a nutcracker closing.
D)Tia considers how to use an oddly designed nutcracker to crack a nut.

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobe is responsible for executive functions such as problem-solving, decision-making, and planning, which are all involved in considering how to use an oddly designed nutcracker to crack a nut.

Question 10

This part of the brain,located in the frontal lobe,is important for controlling movement.It is responsible for planning and executing movement especially for movements including a delayed response.
A)primary visual cortex
B)the cerebral fissures
C)primary auditory cortex
D)primary motor cortex

Accepted Answer

The primary motor cortex, located in the frontal lobe, is responsible for controlling movement, and planning and executing movement, especially those involving a delayed response.

Question 11

Juan suffers from a disorder of skilled movements,which is known as
A)dyslexia.
B)aphasia.
C)apraxia.
D)agnosia.

Accepted Answer

Apraxia is a disorder of skilled movements where the person has difficulty planning and executing purposeful movements, despite having the physical ability and understanding of the task. Dyslexia is a disorder of reading, aphasia is a disorder of language, and agnosia is a disorder of recognition or perception.

Question 12

Although the brain makes up only one fortieth of the total weight of the adult human body,it uses __________ of the circulating blood,available oxygen,and available glucose.
A)one-thirtieth
B)one-twentieth
C)one-tenth
D)one-fifth

Accepted Answer

The brain uses about one-fifth of the circulating blood, available oxygen, and available glucose, despite making up only a small fraction of the body's total weight. This high demand reflects the brain's intense metabolic needs.

Question 13

The parietal lobe contains the ______,which is the part of the brain that the various senses provide information to concerning "pressure,texture,temperature,and pain."
A)association areas
B)primary motor cortex
C)primary somatosensory cortex
D)primary visual cortex

Accepted Answer

The primary somatosensory cortex is located in the parietal lobe and receives sensory information from the various senses related to pressure, texture, temperature, and pain. The other options listed (association areas, primary motor cortex, and primary visual cortex) are located in different areas of the brain and are not directly involved in somatosensory processing.

Question 14

When viewing a picture that is half one person's face and half another person's face,a split brain patient would
A)ask why you are showing her half of two different faces.
B)say the image portrays the whole face of whomever is depicted on the right side.
C)point to the image of the whole face of whomever is depicted on the right side.
D)simply be unable to answer.

Accepted Answer

In split brain patients, the corpus callosum, which connects the two hemispheres of the brain, is severed. This means that information received in one hemisphere is not shared with the other. Since the left hemisphere (which controls the right side of the body and field of vision) is typically responsible for language processing, a split brain patient would verbalize seeing the image that is processed in the left hemisphere (the right side of the picture).

Question 15

The frontal lobe is responsible for
A)sensing pain and pressure.
B)visual processing.
C)auditory processing.
D)higher thought processes and motor processing.

Accepted Answer

The frontal lobe is responsible for higher thought processes (such as decision-making, planning, and problem-solving) and motor processing (such as controlling voluntary movement).

Question 16

These cells in the brain transmit electrical signals from one location to another in the nervous system.
A)amygdala
B)dopamine receptor
C)metabolic
D)neuron

Accepted Answer

Neurons are the cells in the brain responsible for transmitting electrical signals, also known as action potentials, from one location to another in the nervous system.

Question 17

The parietal lobe is primarily responsible for
A)planning and execution of movement.
B)somatosensory processing.
C)auditory processing.
D)visual processing.

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobe is primarily responsible for somatosensory processing, which includes sensations such as touch, temperature, and pain. Planning and execution of movement are more closely associated with the frontal lobe, auditory processing with the temporal lobe, and visual processing with the occipital lobe.

Question 18

At the end of the branches of an axon are the ____,which look like small knobs.
A)terminal buttons
B)synapse
C)nodes of ranvier
D)synaptic terminal

Accepted Answer

The terminal buttons, also known as terminal ends, axon terminals, or synaptic boutons, are the small knob-like structures located at the end of an axon. They are responsible for transmitting information to the next neuron or gland cell through a process called synaptic transmission. The other options mentioned in the question, such as synapse, nodes of Ranvier, and synaptic terminal, are also related to the process of neural communication, but they do not specifically refer to the structures at the end of an axon.

Question 19

This research is well known for his work with split-brain patients.
A)Lashley
B)Broca
C)Gazzaniga
D)All of the above have worked with split-brain patients.

Accepted Answer

Gazzaniga is well known for his work with split-brain patients. Lashley also conducted research on the brain, but not specifically focused on split-brain patients. Broca is known for his work on language processing in the brain, but did not work with split-brain patients.

Question 20

Tom puts his hand on a warm stove burner and senses the heat coming from the stove.The message of warmth travels from his hand to which lobe of the brain?
A)occipital
B)parietal
C)temporal
D)frontal

Accepted Answer

The parietal lobe is responsible for processing sensory information, including touch, temperature, and pain. Therefore, the message of warmth from Tom's hand would travel to the parietal lobe of his brain.

Quiz 2: Cognitive Neuroscience

The main functions of the temporal and occipital lobes,respectively,are

Adrian has Alzheimer's and has a difficult time with his memory.The doctors say that his memory difficulties in part are due to the low levels of ____.

Mary wakes up in the middle of the night to hear a loud thump coming from the stairway.She then hears creaking and a voice whispering.Her __________ lobe makes it possible for her to hear that there are burglars in her house.

Identify the three types of chemical substance that are involved in neurotransmission:

Joe is walking around a room completely in the dark.He cannot see anything.When he feels the doorknob with his hand,he pulls the door open.What location in the brain most directly enabled him to accomplish what he attempted?

Signals between neurons occur when these chemical messengers transmit information from one neuron to the next across the synaptic gap.

This particular way of looking at the brain divides up the cerebral hemisphere into four parts called

The junction between terminal buttons of one neuron with the dendrites of other neurons.

Which of the following would most involve the use of the frontal lobe?

This part of the brain,located in the frontal lobe,is important for controlling movement.It is responsible for planning and executing movement especially for movements including a delayed response.

Juan suffers from a disorder of skilled movements,which is known as

Although the brain makes up only one fortieth of the total weight of the adult human body,it uses __________ of the circulating blood,available oxygen,and available glucose.

The parietal lobe contains the ______,which is the part of the brain that the various senses provide information to concerning "pressure,texture,temperature,and pain."

When viewing a picture that is half one person's face and half another person's face,a split brain patient would

The frontal lobe is responsible for

These cells in the brain transmit electrical signals from one location to another in the nervous system.

The parietal lobe is primarily responsible for

At the end of the branches of an axon are the ____,which look like small knobs.

This research is well known for his work with split-brain patients.

Tom puts his hand on a warm stove burner and senses the heat coming from the stove.The message of warmth travels from his hand to which lobe of the brain?