Question 1

When ethnocentrism becomes very marked and begins to target a specific ethnic group,it can lead to:

Accepted Answer

When ethnocentrism becomes focused on a specific ethnic group, it can lead to racism. This involves discriminatory attitudes and actions towards individuals based on their ethnicity or perceived racial characteristics.

Question 2

Genetic studies indicate:

Accepted Answer

Genetic studies have shown that the genetic variation within any given race is greater than the variation between different races, indicating that individual differences are more significant than the sum of differences between groups. This undermines the concept of race as a strict biological construct and suggests that racial categories are not substantiated by significant genetic differences.

Question 3

Humans' capacity for culture is based on our unique biology.

Accepted Answer

Humans' capacity for culture is derived from our cognitive abilities and brain structure, which is unique to our species. Our capacity for language, abstract thinking, and social learning all contribute to the development and transmission of cultural practices.

Question 4

Traits such as skin color,hair color and texture,and nose shape are often chosen to determine race because:

Accepted Answer

Skin color, hair color and texture, and nose shape are easily visible traits that can be used to determine race. Other traits may be more biologically important or culturally significant, but they may not be as readily observable.

Question 5

During the late 20th century:

Accepted Answer

Throughout the late 20th century, members of minority groups in the United States experienced increasing economic and political power. This can be seen in the civil rights movement, affirmative action policies, and the election of the first African American president, among other examples. The other choices are not accurate: A is only partially true and ignores the cultural and social contributions of other nations; C is an oversimplification that ignores the complexities of globalization and international relations; D is simply not true and ignores the experiences of a diverse range of Americans; and E is an oversimplification that ignores the diverse experiences of immigrant communities in the US.

Question 6

The current un-contacted population of the world is probably around:

Accepted Answer

There are estimated to be around 100 uncontacted tribes in the world, with the majority living in South America, particularly in the Amazon. The total population of these tribes is estimated to be in the low tens of thousands, making option C (10,000) the most accurate estimate.

Question 7

Anthropologist J.Christopher Kovats-Bernat argues that when an anthropologist pursues studies of "ethnography of violence," the anthropologist and informant must have what type of relationship between them?

Accepted Answer

In the "ethnography of violence," the anthropologist and informant must have a relationship of mutual responsibility. This means that both parties are accountable for the safety and wellbeing of each other, and that both are aware of the risks and benefits of their relationship. This relationship should promote trust, collaboration, and respect, as well as a shared commitment to addressing the root causes of violence. The other choices (autonomy, self-preservation, respect, and mutual advantage) do not adequately capture the complexity of this relationship, nor do they address the ethical concerns that arise when studying violence.

Question 8

Biopsychological equality is the notion that:

Accepted Answer

Biopsychological equality refers to the belief that all human groups have equal biological and mental capabilities. This belief rejects the notion of biological determinism, which suggests that certain groups are inherently superior or inferior based on their genetics. Instead, biopsychological equality emphasizes the importance of environmental and cultural factors in shaping human development and behavior.

Question 9

Cultural relativism requires that:

Accepted Answer

Cultural relativism requires an understanding of values and customs in terms of the culture of which they are a part. It does not require that all cultures be seen as equally good or self-serving, nor does it advocate for measuring cultures against our own. Additionally, cultural relativism does not require individuals to give up their own culture in order to understand another culture.

Question 10

How has anthropological fieldwork in non-Western areas most changed since the mid-1900s?

Accepted Answer

Anthropological fieldwork has become more accountable and transparent due to advancements in communication technology. Today, anthropologists are more likely to interact and communicate with the people they study, who may also have access to the final report or publication. This has changed the relationship between the researcher and the researched, making it more collaborative and mutual.

Question 11

Your textbook argues that multiculturalism:

Accepted Answer

The textbook argues that multiculturalism is inevitable in an increasingly globalized world. This means that it cannot be resisted or stopped, and is likely to continue shaping societies and cultures. While the textbook does not necessarily argue for or against embracing multiculturalism, it does recognize its impact and importance in modern societies. Neither does the textbook suggest that multiculturalism is dangerous or poses a threat to the American Way of Life. Finally, while multiculturalism may expose fundamental truths about societies and cultures, this is not the central argument made by the textbook.

Question 12

All of the following are ways that globalization has affected anthropology except:

Accepted Answer

Studies today are more holistic and tend to focus on the particular and specific characteristics of the societies in which the anthropologist is researching. This is because globalization has led to the homogenization of cultures and anthropologists now need to focus on the unique characteristics of a society to understand it better.

Option A, B, and E are correct as well. Anthropologists have become increasingly politically engaged with indigenous peoples, more active in social action to defend minority populations and frequently collaborate with those they study in order to better represent the culture and its changes, which are a direct effect of globalization.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

Anthropologists generally accept that there are cultural universals, which are common elements found in nearly all known societies. However, there is no one agreed upon explanation for how these universals developed.

Question 14

In Anthropology,the concept of race:

Accepted Answer

Anthropologists have found that the concept of race is not a scientifically meaningful way to classify humans as there are no patterned biological differences in the human species. Race is a social construct that has been used historically to justify inequalities and discrimination. Therefore, it has no scientific utility and has been found to be inadequate for analyzing human behavior.

Question 15

What is hubris?

Accepted Answer

Hubris refers to excessive pride or confidence that leads to arrogance and insolence.

Question 16

Anthropologists only study contemporary,living peoples.

Accepted Answer

Anthropologists study both contemporary living peoples and past societies and cultures through archaeological evidence and historical records.

Question 17

All of the following were considered the highest risk field dangers in a 1990 study of anthropologists except:

Accepted Answer

Tuberculosis was not considered one of the highest risk field dangers for anthropologists in the 1990 study, whereas vehicle crashes, malaria, and hepatitis were.

Question 18

Your textbook argues that jobs for anthropologists are:

Accepted Answer

Jobs for anthropologists are generally comparable to those available to other Liberal Arts disciplines, meaning they are not significantly more or less plentiful.

Question 19

New international conditions have created problems and opportunities for anthropologists working in the field.What are some of the challenges that J.Christopher Kovats-Bernat associates with doing "ethnography of violence"?

Accepted Answer

J. Christopher Kovats-Bernat associates several challenges with doing "ethnography of violence," including unstable political organization, difficult and dangerous physical conditions, and difficulties in making ethical decisions. These are all encompassed in option A. Option B is not accurate because it is not mentioned that informants do not want to work with the anthropologist because of a lack of anonymity. The anthropologist cannot live in a central location is not mentioned either. Option C is not valid because newspapers not publishing personal interest stories does not seem to be a significant challenge in studying violence. Option D is not the best choice since the author mentions the difficulties of getting official permission to work in areas of violence but does not mention anything about violence not being frequent or impossible to control. Option E is not the most valid either since the concept of "ethnography of violence" is not necessarily inherently ethnocentric.

Question 20

Within the discipline of anthropology,globalization has:

Accepted Answer

Globalization has led to increased political involvement by some anthropologists due to the need to study and understand the social, cultural, and economic impacts of globalization on various societies and communities. Anthropologists have started to play an important role in advocating for the rights of marginalized communities and promoting their cultural heritage in the face of globalization.

Quiz 1: Anthropology and Human Diversity