Question 1

In ________, the problem is to group an unlabelled collection of objects, such as documents, customer comments, and Web pages into meaningful groups without any prior knowledge.
A) search recall
B) classification
C) clustering
D) grouping

Accepted Answer

Clustering is the process of grouping similar objects together in an unlabelled dataset without prior knowledge of the groupings. In contrast, classification is the process of labeling pre-defined groups based on a set of pre-defined features, and grouping is a more general term that can refer to either classification or clustering. Search recall is a measure of how well a search algorithm retrieves relevant results.

Question 2

Which of the following correctly defines a text mining term?
A) Tagging is the number of times a word is found in a specific document.
B) A token is an uncategorized block of text in a sentence.
C) Rooting is the process of reducing inflected words to their base form.
D) A term is a single word or multiword phrase extracted directly from the corpus by means of NLP methods.

Accepted Answer

A term, defined as a single word or multiword phrase extracted directly from the corpus by means of NLP methods, is a correct definition in the context of text mining. Option A describes the term "word frequency", option B describes a "phrase", and option C describes the term "stemming" which is a related process to rooting.

Question 3

Commercial software tools include all of the following except:
A) GATE
B) IBM Intelligent Miner Data Mining Suite
C) SAS Text Miner
D) SPSS Text Mining

Accepted Answer

GATE is an open-source software tool, so it is not classified as a commercial software tool. The other options listed (IBM Intelligent Miner Data Mining Suite, SAS Text Miner, and SPSS Text Mining) are commercial software tools.

Question 4

Forward-thinking companies like Ask.com, Scholastic, and St. John Health System are actively using Web mining systems to answer important questions of "Who?" "Why?" and "How?" The benefits of integrating these systems:
A) are measured qualitatively in terms of customer satisfaction, but not measured using financial or other quantitative measure.
B) can be significant in terms of incremental financial growth and increasing customer loyalty and satisfaction.
C) have not yet outweighed the costs of the Web mining systems and analysis.
D) can be infinitely measurable.

Accepted Answer

The passage states that forward-thinking companies are actively using Web mining systems, which suggests that the benefits outweigh the costs. Additionally, the passage mentions the benefits of increasing customer loyalty and satisfaction, which can lead to incremental financial growth. Therefore, B is the best choice. A is incorrect because the passage implies that the benefits can lead to financial growth, which can be measured quantitatively. C is incorrect because the passage does not provide evidence that the costs are not outweighed by the benefits. D is incorrect because the passage does not suggest that the benefits are infinite or can be infinitely measurable.

Question 5

________ is a branch of the field of linguistics and a part of natural language processing that studies the internal structure of words.
A) Morphology
B) Corpus
C) Stemming
D) Polysemes

Accepted Answer

Morphology is the branch of linguistics that deals with the study of the internal structure of words, their forms, and how they are formed. It focuses on the way words are created through the combination of smaller units called morphemes. Corpus refers to a collection of texts or written material, Stemming is a technique used in natural language processing to reduce words to their root form, and Polysemes are words that have multiple meanings depending on the context.

Question 6

A ________ is one or more Web pages that provide a collection of links to authoritative pages, reference sites, or a resource list on a specific topic.
A) hub
B) hyperlink-induced topic search
C) spoke
D) community

Accepted Answer

A hub is a collection of links to authoritative pages, reference sites, or a resource list on a specific topic. It serves as a central location for information on a particular subject, making it easier for users to find relevant resources.

Question 7

A simple keyword-based search engine suffers from several deficiencies, which include all of the following except:
A) a topic of any breath can easily contain hundreds or thousands of documents
B) many documents that are highly relevant to a topic may not contain the exact keywords defining them
C) web mining can identify authoritative Web pages
D) many of the search results are marginally or not relevant to the topic

Accepted Answer

Option A, B, and D are all deficiencies of keyword-based search engines. Option C is not a deficiency but rather a potential solution to the problem of identifying authoritative web pages.

Question 8

Which of the following refers to developing useful information from the links included in the Web documents?
A) Web content mining
B) Web subject mining
C) Web structure mining
D) Web matter mining

Accepted Answer

Web structure mining refers to the process of developing useful information from the links included in the Web documents. Web content mining refers to the process of extracting useful information from the content of the Web documents, and Web subject mining refers to the process of identifying the subject or topic of the Web documents. Web matter mining is not a commonly used term in the field of web mining.

Question 9

Using ________ as a rich source of knowledge and a strategic weapon, Kodak not only survives but excels in its market segment defined by innovation and constant change.
A) visualization
B) deception detection
C) patent analysis
D) semantic cues

Accepted Answer

Patent analysis involves analyzing patents filed by a company and its competitors to gain insights into their research and development activities, technological capabilities, and future plans. This information can be used to inform a company's own R&D strategy and to identify potential gaps in the market that can be targeted with new products or services. Kodak's success in a rapidly changing market suggests that they have used patent analysis effectively to stay ahead of the competition.

Question 10

It has been shown that the bag-of-word method may not produce good enough information content for text mining tasks. More advanced techniques such as ________ are needed.
A) classification
B) natural language processing
C) evidence-based processing
D) symbolic processing

Accepted Answer

Natural language processing (NLP) techniques can help to enhance the information that can be extracted from text data, beyond what a simple bag-of-words approach can achieve. NLP techniques involve parsing the text and understanding its syntax, semantics, and context. This can include tasks such as part-of-speech tagging, named entity recognition, sentiment analysis, and more. By using NLP techniques, text mining can provide more accurate and insightful results.

Question 11

At a very high level, the text mining process consists of each of the following tasks except:
A) create log frequencies
B) establish the corpus
C) create the term-document matrix
D) extract the knowledge

Accepted Answer

The text mining process typically involves establishing the corpus (the collection of textual data), creating the term-document matrix (which records the frequency of terms across documents), and then extracting knowledge or insights from the resulting data. However, creating log frequencies is not typically considered a distinct task in the text mining process.

Question 12

Why will computers probably not be able to understand natural language the same way and with the same accuracy that humans do?
A) A true understanding of meaning requires extensive knowledge of a topic beyond what is in the words, sentences, and paragraphs.
B) The natural human language is too specific.
C) The part of speech depends only on the definition and not on the context within which it is used.
D) All of the above.

Accepted Answer

Humans are able to understand natural language not only because of the words, sentences, and paragraphs, but also because of the context, background knowledge, emotions, and experiences that they possess. This broad understanding is difficult to program into computers and limits their ability to understand natural language in the same way as humans.

Question 13

Which of the following is not one of the three main areas of Web mining?
A) Web search mining
B) Web content mining
C) Web structure mining
D) Web usage mining

Accepted Answer

The three main areas of Web mining are Web content mining, Web structure mining, and Web usage mining. Web search mining is not one of the main areas.

Question 14

When registered users revisit Amazon.com, they are greeted by name. This task involves recognizing the user by ________.
A) pattern discovery
B) association
C) text mining
D) reading a cookie

Accepted Answer

Reading a cookie is a process by which a website stores a small piece of data on the user's device, which can include the user's name and login information. This allows the website to recognize the user and greet them by name upon subsequent visits.

Question 15

Text mining is the semi-automated process of extracting ________ from large amounts of unstructured data sources.
A) patterns
B) useful information
C) knowledge
D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

Text mining involves extracting patterns, useful information, and knowledge from unstructured data sources. Therefore, all of the above choices are correct.

Question 16

The two main approaches to text classification are ________ and ________.
A) knowledge engineering; machine learning
B) categorization; clustering
C) association; trend analysis
D) knowledge extraction; association

Accepted Answer

The two main approaches to text classification are knowledge engineering and machine learning. Knowledge engineering involves creating a set of rules or decision trees based on expert knowledge in the domain, while machine learning involves training a classifier on a labeled dataset and allowing the algorithm to identify patterns and make predictions based on those patterns. Categorization and clustering are both types of machine learning algorithms, but not the only approaches to text classification. Association and trend analysis are not commonly used in text classification. Knowledge extraction is a similar concept to knowledge engineering but not a widely used term in text classification.

Question 17

Why does the Web pose great challenges for effective and efficient knowledge discovery?
A) The Web search engines are indexed-based.
B) The Web is too dynamic.
C) The Web is too specific to a domain.
D) The Web infrastructure contains hyperlink information.

Accepted Answer

The Web is too dynamic, which means that the content is constantly changing and evolving, making it difficult to keep track of all the new information. This poses a challenge for effective and efficient knowledge discovery as it requires regular updates and monitoring to ensure that the information retrieved is still relevant and useful. Other factors such as the vast amount of data, the lack of standardization, and the potential for inaccurate or biased information also contribute to the challenges of knowledge discovery on the Web.

Question 18

A vast majority of business data are stored in text documents that are ________.
A) mostly quantitative
B) virtually unstructured
C) semi-structured
D) highly structured

Accepted Answer

Text documents are typically unstructured, meaning they don't follow a predetermined format or schema. This can make analyzing and extracting insights from this data more challenging compared to structured data.

Question 19

All of the following are popular application areas of text mining except:
A) information extraction
B) document summarization
C) question answering
D) data structuring

Accepted Answer

Information extraction, document summarization, and question answering are all popular application areas of text mining. Data structuring is not a typical application area of text mining.

Question 20

All of the following are types of data generated through Web page visits except:
A) data stored in server access logs, referrer logs, agent logs, and client-side cookies
B) user profiles
C) hyperlink analysis
D) metadata, such as page attributes, content attributes, and usage data

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following are types of...

Quiz 5: Text and Web Mining

In ________, the problem is to group an unlabelled collection of objects, such as documents, customer comments, and Web pages into meaningful groups without any prior knowledge.

Which of the following correctly defines a text mining term?

Commercial software tools include all of the following except:

Forward-thinking companies like Ask.com, Scholastic, and St. John Health System are actively using Web mining systems to answer important questions of "Who?" "Why?" and "How?" The benefits of integrating these systems:

________ is a branch of the field of linguistics and a part of natural language processing that studies the internal structure of words.

A ________ is one or more Web pages that provide a collection of links to authoritative pages, reference sites, or a resource list on a specific topic.

A simple keyword-based search engine suffers from several deficiencies, which include all of the following except:

Which of the following refers to developing useful information from the links included in the Web documents?

Using ________ as a rich source of knowledge and a strategic weapon, Kodak not only survives but excels in its market segment defined by innovation and constant change.

It has been shown that the bag-of-word method may not produce good enough information content for text mining tasks. More advanced techniques such as ________ are needed.

At a very high level, the text mining process consists of each of the following tasks except:

Why will computers probably not be able to understand natural language the same way and with the same accuracy that humans do?

Which of the following is not one of the three main areas of Web mining?

When registered users revisit Amazon.com, they are greeted by name. This task involves recognizing the user by ________.

Text mining is the semi-automated process of extracting ________ from large amounts of unstructured data sources.

The two main approaches to text classification are and .

Why does the Web pose great challenges for effective and efficient knowledge discovery?

A vast majority of business data are stored in text documents that are ________.

All of the following are popular application areas of text mining except:

All of the following are types of data generated through Web page visits except: