Question 1

According to the rules of informed consent, when you ask the researcher if you have to complete/finish the experiment in which you are participating, the researcher should respond with _____.

Accepted Answer

Informed consent requires that participants are aware they can withdraw from a study at any time without penalty.

Question 2

Debriefing is _____.

Accepted Answer

Debriefing involves explaining the purpose of the study, anticipated results, and any deceptions used after the study is completed.

Question 3

Which of the following is true about animal research?

Accepted Answer

Most animal research uses rats or mice, and it accounts for only 7 to 8% of psychological research.

Question 4

With which type of animal is nonhuman research mostly conducted?

Accepted Answer

Rats are the most commonly used animals in nonhuman research due to their small size, ease of handling, and well-understood genetics.

Question 5

A therapist may be required to break client confidentiality if the client _____.

Accepted Answer

Therapists are typically required to break confidentiality if a client threatens to harm others or is involved in the abuse of a child or elder adult, as these situations involve legal and ethical obligations to report.

Question 6

Which of the following therapists is violating psychology's ethical standard of confidentiality?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Jones and Dr. Smith-Nguyen are violating confidentiality. Dr. Jones is sharing identifiable client information without consent, and Dr. Smith-Nguyen is discussing a client with someone not authorized to receive that information.

Question 7

If a clinical psychologist is doing therapy with someone who threatens to kill another person, the psychologist should_________________________.

Accepted Answer

The duty to warn and protect is a legal obligation for mental health professionals, allowing them to breach confidentiality if a client poses a serious threat to another person.

Question 8

In a naturalistic observation, a researcher would be most likely to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a naturalistic observation, a researcher would...

Question 9

A survey is a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A survey is a(n) _____. 
...

Question 10

Which scientific method of research would be used if a college student running for student body president was trying to determine whether to emphasize campus security, improved parking facilities, or increased health services in their campaign?

Accepted Answer

A survey would be used to gather opinions from a large group of students to determine which issues are most important to them, helping the candidate decide which topics to emphasize in their campaign.

Question 11

_____ research is used to study the brain and other parts of the nervous system.

Accepted Answer

Biological research focuses on studying the brain and nervous system, examining their structures, functions, and processes.

Question 12

Which of the following is a disadvantage of an experiment?

Accepted Answer

Participant bias and researcher bias are disadvantages of experiments as they can influence the results and interpretations, whereas experiments are specifically designed to determine cause and effect.

Question 13

The BEST definition of an independent variable is a _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The BEST definition of an independent variable...

Question 14

If researchers gave participants varying amounts of a new "memory" drug and then gave them a story to read and measured their scores on a quiz, the _____ would be the independent variable (IV), and the _____ would be the dependent variable (DV).

Accepted Answer

The independent variable (IV) is the one that is manipulated by the researchers, which in this case is the exposure to the drug. The dependent variable (DV) is the outcome that is measured, which in this case is the quiz scores.

Question 15

_____ are factors that are not being directly manipulated or measured, which could affect research results if they are not held constant.

Accepted Answer

Extraneous variables are factors other than the independent variable that may affect the dependent variable if not controlled.

Question 16

An example of a(n) ___________ is one in which an experiment was conducted on caffeine-induced stress in which neither the class researchers nor the participants in the experiment knew who did and did not receive caffeine until after the study was completed.

Accepted Answer

A double-blind study is one where neither the participants nor the researchers know who is receiving the treatment, in this case, caffeine, to prevent bias.

Question 17

In a study in which neither the patient nor the physician knew whether a patient was getting the drug or the placebo, 85% of participants and patients correctly identified whether they were in the experimental or control condition. Contrary to design expectations, the experiment was not ________.

Accepted Answer

The experiment was not double blind because both the participants and the physicians were able to correctly identify whether they were in the experimental or control group, which defeats the purpose of a double-blind study.

Question 18

If a presidential candidate concludes from a poll conducted in Minnesota that he is ahead in the race and that from those results that he will win the election nationwide, then the candidate is guilty of _____________.

Accepted Answer

The candidate is guilty of sample bias because he is generalizing results from a specific sample (Minnesota) to the entire population (nationwide), which may not be representative.

Question 19

One way to decrease participant bias is to _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One way to decrease participant bias is...

Question 20

In 1848 Phineas Gage had a metal rod accidentally shot through part of his face and brain. As a result, he suffered a drastic personality transformation, with his injury and recovery documented by his physician. This is an example of a(n)_____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 1848 Phineas Gage had a metal...

Quiz 1: Introduction and Research Methods

According to the rules of informed consent, when you ask the researcher if you have to complete/finish the experiment in which you are participating, the researcher should respond with _____.

Debriefing is _____.

Which of the following is true about animal research?

With which type of animal is nonhuman research mostly conducted?

A therapist may be required to break client confidentiality if the client _____.

Which of the following therapists is violating psychology's ethical standard of confidentiality?

If a clinical psychologist is doing therapy with someone who threatens to kill another person, the psychologist should_________________________.

In a naturalistic observation, a researcher would be most likely to do which of the following?

A survey is a(n) _____.

Which scientific method of research would be used if a college student running for student body president was trying to determine whether to emphasize campus security, improved parking facilities, or increased health services in their campaign?

_____ research is used to study the brain and other parts of the nervous system.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of an experiment?

The BEST definition of an independent variable is a _____.

If researchers gave participants varying amounts of a new "memory" drug and then gave them a story to read and measured their scores on a quiz, the _ would be the independent variable (IV) , and the _ would be the dependent variable (DV) .

_____ are factors that are not being directly manipulated or measured, which could affect research results if they are not held constant.

An example of a(n) ___________ is one in which an experiment was conducted on caffeine-induced stress in which neither the class researchers nor the participants in the experiment knew who did and did not receive caffeine until after the study was completed.

In a study in which neither the patient nor the physician knew whether a patient was getting the drug or the placebo, 85% of participants and patients correctly identified whether they were in the experimental or control condition. Contrary to design expectations, the experiment was not ________.

If a presidential candidate concludes from a poll conducted in Minnesota that he is ahead in the race and that from those results that he will win the election nationwide, then the candidate is guilty of _____________.

One way to decrease participant bias is to _____.

In 1848 Phineas Gage had a metal rod accidentally shot through part of his face and brain. As a result, he suffered a drastic personality transformation, with his injury and recovery documented by his physician. This is an example of a(n) _____________.

Quiz 1: Introduction and Research Methods

According to the rules of informed consent, when you ask the researcher if you have to complete/finish the experiment in which you are participating, the researcher should respond with _____.

Debriefing is _____.

Which of the following is true about animal research?

With which type of animal is nonhuman research mostly conducted?

A therapist may be required to break client confidentiality if the client _____.

Which of the following therapists is violating psychology's ethical standard of confidentiality?

If a clinical psychologist is doing therapy with someone who threatens to kill another person, the psychologist should_________________________.

In a naturalistic observation, a researcher would be most likely to do which of the following?

A survey is a(n) _____.

Which scientific method of research would be used if a college student running for student body president was trying to determine whether to emphasize campus security, improved parking facilities, or increased health services in their campaign?

_____ research is used to study the brain and other parts of the nervous system.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of an experiment?

The BEST definition of an independent variable is a _____.

If researchers gave participants varying amounts of a new "memory" drug and then gave them a story to read and measured their scores on a quiz, the _____ would be the independent variable (IV) , and the _____ would be the dependent variable (DV) .

_____ are factors that are not being directly manipulated or measured, which could affect research results if they are not held constant.

An example of a(n) ___________ is one in which an experiment was conducted on caffeine-induced stress in which neither the class researchers nor the participants in the experiment knew who did and did not receive caffeine until after the study was completed.

In a study in which neither the patient nor the physician knew whether a patient was getting the drug or the placebo, 85% of participants and patients correctly identified whether they were in the experimental or control condition. Contrary to design expectations, the experiment was not ________.

If a presidential candidate concludes from a poll conducted in Minnesota that he is ahead in the race and that from those results that he will win the election nationwide, then the candidate is guilty of _____________.

One way to decrease participant bias is to _____.

In 1848 Phineas Gage had a metal rod accidentally shot through part of his face and brain. As a result, he suffered a drastic personality transformation, with his injury and recovery documented by his physician. This is an example of a(n) _____________.

If researchers gave participants varying amounts of a new "memory" drug and then gave them a story to read and measured their scores on a quiz, the _ would be the independent variable (IV) , and the _ would be the dependent variable (DV) .