Question 1

The idea that infants are equipped with behaviors that help them in their attachment with others is supported by each of the following EXCEPT:
A) Infants are born with verbal behaviors such as crying.
B) Iinfants are born with nonverbal behaviors such as smiling and clinging.
C) Infants are equipped with "following behaviors" that allow them to pursue their caregivers.
D) Infants prefer faces to other objects.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 2

Which of the following would not result from lack of attachment in childhood?
A) mental retardation
B) death
C) anxiety
D) high self-esteem

Accepted Answer

Lack of attachment in childhood can lead to mental health issues like anxiety and, in severe cases, even death due to neglect, but it would not result in high self-esteem.

Question 3

Which of the following is true of the strange situation?
A) Infants are placed in a situation with a stranger in a laboratory setting.
B) Infants are presented with toys that they have never played with.
C) Infants are taken to a stranger's house to live for several days.
D) Infants are placed in a situation with other children in a laboratory setting.

Accepted Answer

The Strange Situation is a procedure developed by Mary Ainsworth to observe attachment relationships between a caregiver and child. It involves placing the infant in a laboratory setting with a stranger to assess their reactions.

Question 4

According to Hazen and Shaver's research, which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?
A) insecurely attached infant: close, intimate adult relationships
B) securely attached infant: close, intimate adult relationships
C) avoidant infant: blocked intimacy and emotional distance in adult relationships
D) anxious/ambivalent infant: obsessive, possessive, and emotionally demanding adult relationships

Accepted Answer

Hazen and Shaver's research suggests that insecurely attached infants are more likely to have difficulties in forming close, intimate adult relationships, not the opposite.

Question 5

What percentage of children are classified as having a secure attachment style?
A) 25%
B) 10%
C) 60%
D) 35%

Accepted Answer

Research in developmental psychology suggests that approximately 60% of children are classified as having a secure attachment style.

Question 6

With which of the following attachment styles is there distress upon separation from a caregiver?
A) secure
B) avoidant
C) anxious-ambivalent
D) both a and c

Accepted Answer

The answer of With which of the following attachment styles...

Question 7

Adam makes few demands of his son and shows little interest or emotional support toward his son. His parenting style may be classified as _________.
A) permissive-indulgent
B) authoritarian
C) authoritative
D) permissive-neglectful

Accepted Answer

Permissive-neglectful parenting is characterized by low demands and low responsiveness, where the parent shows little interest or emotional support.

Question 8

Melissa, mother of 3-year-old Kaitlyn, enforces limits and rules, while being highly involved with her daughter's life and emotionally supportive. Melissa's parenting style can be classified as ____________.
A) permissive-indulgent
B) authoritarian
C) authoritative
D) permissive-neglectful

Accepted Answer

Melissa's parenting style is authoritative, as she enforces rules and limits while being emotionally supportive and involved in her daughter's life.

Question 9

Mary screams at her daughter and spanks her. Mary never makes exceptions to rules like curfew, and she is emotionally cold. Mary's parenting style can be classified as ______________.
A) permissive-indulgent
B) authoritarian
C) authoritative
D) permissive-neglectful

Accepted Answer

Mary's parenting style is authoritarian because she is emotionally cold, strict, and does not allow exceptions to rules, which are characteristics of authoritarian parenting.

Question 10

A child who is considered by others to be a "spoiled brat" may have at least one parent with what type of parenting style?
A) permissive-indulgent
B) authoritarian
C) authoritative
D) permissive-neglectful

Accepted Answer

Permissive-indulgent parents are lenient and may not set firm boundaries, often leading to children who are perceived as "spoiled" due to a lack of discipline and structure.

Question 11

Children raised under this parenting style tend to be moody and aggressive.
A) permissive-indulgent
B) authoritarian
C) authoritative
D) permissive-neglectful

Accepted Answer

Authoritarian parenting is characterized by high demands and low responsiveness, often leading to children who are moody, aggressive, and have poor social skills.

Question 12

Children raised under this parenting style are most socially competent and high achieving.
A) permissive-indulgent
B) authoritarian
C) authoritative
D) permissive-neglectful

Accepted Answer

The authoritative parenting style is characterized by high responsiveness and high demands, leading to children who are socially competent and high achieving.

Question 13

Children raised under this parenting style tend to be impulsive.
A) permissive-indulgent
B) authoritarian
C) authoritative
D) permissive-neglectful

Accepted Answer

Permissive-indulgent parenting is characterized by high responsiveness but low demands, leading to children who may lack self-discipline and tend to be impulsive.

Question 14

When studying moral dilemmas, Kohlberg was most interested in _______.
A) whether or not the character in the dilemma was seen as immoral
B) the reasons individuals gave behind their decisions of morality/immorality
C) cultural differences in moral development
D) both a and b

Accepted Answer

The answer of When studying moral dilemmas, Kohlberg was most...

Question 15

A child gives her friend a piece of cake, in hopes that when she forgets her snack one day, her friend will reciprocate the favor. This represents Kohlberg's _________ level of morality.
A) concrete
B) preconventional
C) postconventional
D) punishment oriented

Accepted Answer

This scenario represents Kohlberg's preconventional level of morality, where actions are guided by self-interest and the anticipation of rewards or reciprocation.

Question 16

The excuse of officers in World War II, the Vietnam War, and the war in Bosnia that "I was just following orders," is an example of which stage of moral development?
A) punishment-obedience
B) social-contract
C) military-contract
D) law and order

Accepted Answer

The answer of The excuse of officers in World War...

Question 17

Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?
A) preconventional level: fear of punishment
B) conventional level: desire for reward or favors
C) postconventional: personal standards for right and wrong
D) conventional level: gain acceptance, avoid disapproval

Accepted Answer

The conventional level is characterized by a desire to gain acceptance and avoid disapproval, not by a desire for reward or favors.

Question 18

According to your text, the intentional breaking of laws by Martin Luther King, Mohandas Gandhi, and Nelson Mandela was based on which level of moral reasoning?
A) the social-contract orientation at the postconventional level
B) the universal ethics orientation at the postconventional level
C) the empathic-charismatic orientation at the graduate level
D) the compassionate-empathic orientation at the postgraduate level

Accepted Answer

Martin Luther King, Mohandas Gandhi, and Nelson Mandela engaged in civil disobedience based on universal ethical principles, which is characteristic of the universal ethics orientation at the postconventional level of moral reasoning.

Question 19

Which of the following is FALSE regarding Kohlberg's stages of moral development?
A) They may be culturally biased.
B) They do not predict moral behavior as well as situational factors do.
C) They tend to be biased, favoring males over females.
D) They reliably predict moral behavior as the stages increase.

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg's stages of moral development do not reliably predict moral behavior as the stages increase; moral reasoning does not always translate into moral action.

Question 20

Europeans and Americans tend to make moral decisions based on __________, whereas Indians tend to moral decisions based on ___________.
A) identification with the victim; social responsibility
B) social responsibility; identification with a victim
C) rewards and punishments; social responsibility
D) ethnics; rewards and punishments

Accepted Answer

Europeans and Americans often focus on individual rights and empathy, leading to moral decisions based on identification with the victim. In contrast, Indians often emphasize community and duty, leading to decisions based on social responsibility.

Quiz 10: Lifespan Development Ii

The idea that infants are equipped with behaviors that help them in their attachment with others is supported by each of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following would not result from lack of attachment in childhood?

Which of the following is true of the strange situation?

According to Hazen and Shaver's research, which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?

What percentage of children are classified as having a secure attachment style?

With which of the following attachment styles is there distress upon separation from a caregiver?

Adam makes few demands of his son and shows little interest or emotional support toward his son. His parenting style may be classified as _________.

Melissa, mother of 3-year-old Kaitlyn, enforces limits and rules, while being highly involved with her daughter's life and emotionally supportive. Melissa's parenting style can be classified as ____________.

Mary screams at her daughter and spanks her. Mary never makes exceptions to rules like curfew, and she is emotionally cold. Mary's parenting style can be classified as ______________.

A child who is considered by others to be a "spoiled brat" may have at least one parent with what type of parenting style?

Children raised under this parenting style tend to be moody and aggressive.

Children raised under this parenting style are most socially competent and high achieving.

Children raised under this parenting style tend to be impulsive.

When studying moral dilemmas, Kohlberg was most interested in _______.

A child gives her friend a piece of cake, in hopes that when she forgets her snack one day, her friend will reciprocate the favor. This represents Kohlberg's _________ level of morality.

The excuse of officers in World War II, the Vietnam War, and the war in Bosnia that "I was just following orders," is an example of which stage of moral development?

Which of the following is INCORRECTLY matched?

According to your text, the intentional breaking of laws by Martin Luther King, Mohandas Gandhi, and Nelson Mandela was based on which level of moral reasoning?

Which of the following is FALSE regarding Kohlberg's stages of moral development?

Europeans and Americans tend to make moral decisions based on , whereas Indians tend to moral decisions based on _.