Question 1

If a child is entering preschool, he or she is in which of the following periods of development?

Accepted Answer

During early childhood, children develop school readiness skills such as following instruction and identifying letters.

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a socioemotional process that might be studied by an educational psychologist?

Accepted Answer

Socioemotional processes involve changes in children's relationships with other people, changes in emotion, and changes in personality.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a cognitive process that might be studied by an educational psychologist?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive processes involve changes in children's thinking, intelligence, and language.

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of a biological process that might be studied by an educational psychologist?

Accepted Answer

Biological processes involve changes in the child's body and the development of the brain; genetic inheritance plays a major role.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of splintered development?

Accepted Answer

Biological processes involve changes in the child's body and the development of the brain; genetic inheritance plays a major role.

Question 6

Andrew is concentrating on his work and his career decisions. He is involved with a significant other and makes work and the love for his partner the main subjects of his life. Which of the following periods of development is Andrew in?

Accepted Answer

Early adulthood is the time in which love and work become the main themes in a person's life.

Question 7

Phil is extremely dependent on his mother. His language, his ability to think symbolically, his sensorimotor coordination, and his social learning are not complete. Which of the following periods of development is Phil in?

Accepted Answer

Infancy is the time in a baby's life in which language development, symbolic thought, sensorimotor coordination, and social learning are just beginning.

Question 8

Eight-year-old Paula is establishing boldness and independence. She is beginning to understand how to feel regarding an accomplishment and how to express feelings of love for her parents when she is a shy person. Paula is experiencing what processes?

Accepted Answer

Socioemotional processes involve changes in children's relationships with other people, changes in emotion, and changes in personality.

Question 9

Moesha is learning how to follow instructions and how to recognize the letters in her name. Which of the following periods of development is Moesha in?

Accepted Answer

During early childhood, children develop school readiness skills such as following instruction and identifying letters.

Question 10

The number and size of the brain's nerve endings continue to grow at least until an individual reaches what age?

Accepted Answer

The number and size of the brain's nerve endings continue to grow at least until an individual reaches adolescence.

Question 11

Myelination of areas in the brain related to hand-eye coordination is not complete until an individual reaches approximately what age?

Accepted Answer

Myelination of areas in the brain related to hand-eye coordination is not complete until an individual reaches 4 years of age.

Question 12

Myelination in areas of the brain that are important in focusing attention is not complete until an individual reaches approximately which age?

Accepted Answer

Myelination in areas of the brain that are important in focusing attention is not complete until an individual reaches the end of his or her elementary years (approximately 11 years old).

Question 13

Tiny gaps between neurons where connections between neurons are made are called:

Accepted Answer

Synapses are the tiny gaps between neurons where connections between neurons are made.

Question 14

Which brain hemisphere is responsible for processing nonverbal information?

Accepted Answer

The right-brain hemisphere is responsible for processing nonverbal information.

Question 15

Researchers say that the very last part of the brain to develop is responsible for which functions?

Accepted Answer

The last part of the brain to mature is the prefrontal cortex, where planning, setting priorities, suppressing impulses, and weighing the consequences of one's actions take place.

Question 16

The last part of the brain to develop is the prefrontal cortex. The consequences of this are most felt by individuals in which phase of development?

Accepted Answer

The prefrontal cortex, the brain region that controls risky, impulsive behavior, is still being developed during adolescence.

Question 17

Which brain hemisphere is responsible for speech and grammar?

Accepted Answer

The left-brain hemisphere is responsible for speech and grammar.

Question 18

Since the brain has plasticity, or the ability to change, which of the following learning environments is most likely to stimulate brain development?

Accepted Answer

Experts on learning argue that enriched environments produce improvements in brain functioning and learning. By engaging students in optimal learning environments with stimulating features and activities, you can stimulate the development of their brain.

Question 19

According to Piaget, this occurs when a child incorporates new knowledge into existing knowledge.

Accepted Answer

Assimilation occurs when a child incorporates new knowledge into existing knowledge; thus, children assimilate their environment into their schemes.

Question 20

According to Piaget, this occurs when a child adjusts to the new knowledge.

Accepted Answer

Accommodation occurs when a child adjusts to the new knowledge.

Quiz 2: Cognitive and Language Development