Question 1

The research question, "What is the decision-making process among intensive care unit nurses who decide to discuss spiritual issues with patients?" is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The research question is exploratory and seeks to understand the decision-making process, which is subjective and best explored through a qualitative approach that allows for in-depth understanding of experiences, thoughts, and feelings.

Question 2

Which of the following is a major source of ideas for research problems? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Theories or conceptual frameworks, personal nursing experience, and nursing literature are all major sources of ideas for research problems as they provide a foundation, practical insights, and existing knowledge gaps respectively.

Question 3

"Does maternal stress during the first trimester of a pregnancy affect the infant's birth weight?" is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

This is a research question because it poses a specific inquiry that can be investigated through research to determine if there is a relationship between maternal stress during the first trimester of pregnancy and the infant's birth weight.

Question 4

"This study aimed to explore the meaning of the experience of living with a colostomy" is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

This sentence outlines the goal or aim of the study, which is characteristic of a statement of purpose. It does not pose a question, propose a hypothesis, or describe a problem in detail, but rather states what the study intends to explore or achieve.

Question 5

In a research report, the statement of purpose is normally found where?

Accepted Answer

The statement of purpose is typically found at the end of the introduction section in a research report. This placement helps to set the stage for the reader by clearly stating the research objectives before delving into the methodology and findings.

Question 6

In a statement of purpose, the researcher often communicates information beyond the substantive content through which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The choice of verbs in a statement of purpose can subtly convey the researcher's perspective on the current state of knowledge in the field or the methodological approach they intend to use, thus communicating information beyond the substantive content of the research.

Question 7

A research hypothesis indicates the expected relationship between which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The research hypothesis typically indicates the expected relationship between the independent variable (the cause or condition that is manipulated or selected by the researcher to determine its effect) and the dependent variable (the outcome or effect that is measured).

Question 8

The hypothesis, "Women who jog regularly are more likely than those who do not to have amenorrhea" is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

This hypothesis is directional because it specifies the direction of the relationship between jogging regularly and the likelihood of experiencing amenorrhea, suggesting that women who jog regularly are more likely to have amenorrhea compared to those who do not.

Question 9

The hypothesis, "Women who live in rural areas are unlikely to practice breast self-examination" is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The hypothesis, "Women who live in rural...

Question 10

A researcher includes a statement of purpose that indicates that the goal of the study is to understand the lived experiences of family members caring for a terminally ill child with cancer. What type of research design would most likely be used?

Accepted Answer

Phenomenology is the most appropriate research design for understanding the lived experiences of individuals, as it focuses on exploring how people perceive and make sense of their experiences. In this case, it would be used to explore the experiences of family members caring for a terminally ill child with cancer.

Question 11

A researcher wants to explore the ways in which gender issues are evident in the day-to-day interactions between male and female nurses and their patients in anacute-care inpatient unit. The purpose statement of her research study indicates that she wants to study whether and how gender issues influence the culture and behaviors of nurses as they interact with patients. Of the following, which type of study design would be most appropriate to use?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative ethnography is the most appropriate design for this study because it focuses on exploring and understanding cultural phenomena, such as gender issues, within their natural context, which aligns with the researcher's goal of examining the culture and behaviors of nurses in their interactions with patients.

Question 12

Select the best description for the following: "Is there a relationship between elective labor induction and an unintended cesarean delivery?"

Accepted Answer

This is a non-directional research question because it inquires about the presence of a relationship between two variables (elective labor induction and unintended cesarean delivery) without specifying the direction of the relationship.

Question 13

Select the best description for the following: "Children who watch an average of 2 or more hours of television per day will have higher BMIs than children who watch less than 2 hours of TV per day."

Accepted Answer

This statement is a directional hypothesis because it predicts the direction of the relationship between two variables: the amount of television watched and BMI levels. It specifically states that more TV watching is associated with higher BMIs.

Question 14

Which of the following statements, if used in a hypothesis, is not readily testable by empirical means?

Accepted Answer

The phrase "meaning of" is not readily testable by empirical means because it often involves subjective interpretation or qualitative analysis, unlike the other options which can be quantitatively measured or observed.

Question 15

A hypothesis that states there is no relationship between the independent variable(s) and the dependent variable(s) is called which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The null hypothesis is a statement that there is no effect or no relationship between variables in the context of statistical testing. It is often symbolized as H0 and is the hypothesis that researchers aim to test against the alternative hypothesis, which posits a specific effect or relationship.

Question 16

Which of the following statements made by a new nurse researcher indicate that he correctly understands the purpose of using statistical analysis in quantitative research? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Statistical analysis is used to formally test hypotheses (A), determine whether to reject a hypothesis based on data (B), and support inferences about the likelihood of a hypothesis being correct or not (D). However, it does not provide absolute proof of relationships (C).

Question 17

Which of the following components are usually included in a well-structured problem statement for nursing research? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A well-structured problem statement in nursing research typically includes identifying the knowledge gap, clearly stating the problem, and explaining how the proposed study will contribute to solving the problem. Sustainability is not usually part of the problem statement but may be considered in the discussion or implications of the study.

Question 18

Identify the independent variable(s) from the following research question: "What is the effect of acetaminophen and ibuprofen on liver function in female adolescents with hepatitis?" Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The independent variables are acetaminophen and ibuprofen, as the research question aims to explore their effect on liver function, making them the variables that are manipulated or changed.

Question 19

Which of the following is the dependent variable (DV) in the research question, "Are serial 12-lead ECGs more accurate in diagnosing acute myocardial infarctions (MI) than a single initial 12-lead ECG?"

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable (DV) is what is being measured or tested in an experiment, and in this case, it is the "Accuracy in diagnosing an MI" that is being assessed to see if it varies with the type of ECG approach used.

Question 20

Which of the following statements of purpose is most likely to be from a qualitative study?

Accepted Answer

Qualitative studies often aim to explore lived experiences, perceptions, and narratives, which is what option A focuses on by exploring the lived experiences of a specific group.

Quiz 6: Finding and Reviewing Research Evidence in the Literature