Question 1

Lydia, a 14-month-old baby, likes to play with small pots and pans as they make noise. She enjoys the sound but often gets bored after a short time. She then beats different containers to make different types of sound. In the context of Piaget's cognitive-stage theory, Lydia's action is an example of

Accepted Answer

Lydia's actions exemplify tertiary circular reactions, a stage in Piaget's theory where toddlers (around 12 to 18 months) experiment with new ways of playing with objects to see the results, showing an understanding of cause and effect.

Question 2

Alyssa is playing in the park with her father. She suddenly hits a ball and realizes that it moves away. She keeps hitting the ball with the intention of moving it to the other side of the park. In the context of the substages of Piaget's sensorimotor stage of cognitive development, Alyssa is most likely in the ________ substage.

Accepted Answer

Alyssa is in the fourth substage of Piaget's sensorimotor stage of cognitive development because she is able to hit the ball with the intention of moving it to the other side of the park. This shows that she understands the concept of object permanence and can mentally represent the ball's trajectory.

Question 3

Which of the following substages of the sensorimotor stage marks a transition to the preoperational stage of early childhood?

Accepted Answer

The substage of "mental combinations" marks the transition to the preoperational stage of early childhood in Piaget's theory of cognitive development. This substage involves the beginning of symbolic thought, allowing children to mentally represent and think about objects and events, setting the stage for the next phase of development.

Question 4

Which of the following abilities in the sensorimotor stage frees toddlers from immediate experience?

Accepted Answer

Representational ability allows toddlers to think about objects and events without directly interacting with them, moving beyond immediate experience.

Question 5

After returning from his weekly grocery shopping, Emily's father asks her to help him arrange the purchased items. He gives her baskets with pictures of different food items on them. She removes items from the grocery bag one at a time, matches them with the pictures on the baskets, and places them correctly without any help from her father. In the context of the substages of Piaget's sensorimotor stage of cognitive development, Emily is most likely in the ________ substage.

Accepted Answer

Emily is most likely in the sixth substage of Piaget's sensorimotor stage, known as the "beginnings of thought." This stage allows children to solve problems mentally and engage in symbolic thought, as demonstrated by Emily's ability to match items with pictures without direct interaction.

Question 6

Piaget's observation that infants under the age of about 8 months act as if an object no longer exists once it is out of their line of sight led to his theorizing that

Accepted Answer

Piaget theorized that infants lack object permanence, meaning they do not understand that objects continue to exist when out of sight. This understanding develops later, indicating that infants initially do not perceive objects as having independent existence.

Question 7

Laura, a 24-month-old, is extremely fond of a strawberry-shaped box gifted by her grandfather. One day, Laura's brother mischievously hides the box. Unable to see the box, Laura searches for it and finds it hidden under her bed. This scenario best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Laura's behavior demonstrates object permanence, which is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or otherwise sensed. This is a key developmental milestone typically achieved by children around 8 to 12 months of age.

Question 8

Filip, a 6-month-old baby, is gifted a colorful ball, and his mother places it in the box meant for toys. For a week, she pulls out the ball from the box, plays with Filip, and places it back in the box. After a week, she takes out the ball from the box, plays with Filip, and then places it in the laundry basket. Assuming that Filip is shown the location of the ball each time it is placed back, the next day during playtime, Filip is most likely to

Accepted Answer

The answer of Filip, a 6-month-old baby, is gifted a...

Question 9

Macy, a 1-year-old, becomes curious and looks around for her father when he hides behind the door in her room. In the context of Piaget's cognitive-stage theory, Macy is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

Macy is exhibiting object permanence, which is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or otherwise sensed. This is a key development in the sensorimotor stage of Piaget's cognitive-stage theory, typically occurring around 8 months of age or older.

Question 10

Charlotte, a 1-year-old baby, watches her elder brother brushing his teeth. When her brother puts down the toothbrush, Charlotte picks it up and tries to brush her teeth. In the context of Piaget's cognitive-stage theory, Charlotte is exhibiting ________ imitation.

Accepted Answer

Charlotte is exhibiting visible imitation because she is copying her brother's actions immediately after he performs them.

Question 11

Unlike psychologists associated with recent findings, Piaget was of the view that

Accepted Answer

The answer of Unlike psychologists associated with recent findings, Piaget...

Question 12

Andrew, a 22-month-old boy, happens to see his elder brother playing badminton. After several weeks, Andrew takes the racket and starts to imitate his brother. In the context of Piaget's cognitive-stage theory, Andrew is most likely exhibiting ________ imitation.

Accepted Answer

Deferred imitation is when a child observes someone performing a behavior and then later replicates it without the model present. Andrew's actions fit this description, as he imitates his brother's badminton playing weeks after observing it.

Question 13

In the context of the Piagetian approach to cognitive development, which of the following is most likely to be true about the kind of pictorial competence demonstrated by two-year-old babies?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the context of the Piagetian approach...

Question 14

Caden, a 19-month-old boy, tries to put on a shoe that belongs to his younger brother. The shoe is small for his feet, and he starts to cry. In the context of the Piagetian approach to cognitive development, Caden is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

Caden is exhibiting a scale error, which is a failure to integrate information about an object's size into decisions about how to interact with it. This is common in young children who do not yet have a fully developed understanding of size and scale.

Question 15

In the context of the Piagetian approach to cognitive development, which of the following is true of the dual representation hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

The dual representation hypothesis suggests that young children have difficulty understanding that an object can represent both itself and something else at the same time, which aligns with choice B. This concept is particularly relevant when discussing how children understand symbols and models in relation to their real-world counterparts.

Question 16

Samantha, mother of Luke, a 6-week-old baby, decides to do the dishes. She moves his crib to the kitchen. He lies peacefully in the crib, sucking a pacifier. When she opens the tap, Luke stops sucking and looks in the direction of the running water. After a couple of minutes, he looks away and starts sucking again. In the context of the information-processing approach to cognitive development, this scenario best illustrates

Accepted Answer

This scenario illustrates habituation, which is a decrease in response to a stimulus after repeated presentations. Initially, Luke stops sucking and looks at the running water, a new stimulus for him. After a couple of minutes, he loses interest and resumes sucking, indicating he has habituated to the sound of the running water.

Question 17

Amelia, a 6-week-old baby, lies peacefully in a crib, sucking a pacifier. Her elder brother, who was sent to stay with their grandparents at the time of her birth, returns home. He walks toward the crib and calls out her name. She looks at him, stops sucking, and starts to cry. In this scenario, Amelia's reaction toward her brother best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Amelia's reaction illustrates dishabituation, which occurs when a change in stimuli (in this case, her brother's presence and voice, which she is not used to) renews attention and elicits a response (crying), indicating she notices something new or different in her environment.

Question 18

Doris, a young mother, notices that Alex, her infant son, has become bored with the toy hanging above his crib. When she hangs a new toy, Alex's responsiveness increases. In the context of the information-processing approach to cognitive development, this is referred to as

Accepted Answer

Dishabituation occurs when a change in a stimulus increases a previously declined response, as seen when Alex's responsiveness increases with the introduction of a new toy.

Question 19

The tendency of infants to spend more time looking at one sight than another is called

Accepted Answer

The term "visual preference" refers to the tendency of infants to spend more time looking at one sight over another, indicating their interest or attraction to certain visual stimuli over others.

Question 20

Simone delivers a baby boy in a hospital and comes back home after 2 days. After reaching home, she shows her newborn pictures of his grandparents from the family album. She also shows him pictures of different toys that she received as gifts during the baby shower. He looks at the pictures of his grandparents a little longer than the pictures of gifts. This scenario best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The scenario illustrates visual preference, as the newborn shows a longer interest in the pictures of his grandparents compared to the pictures of gifts. This indicates a preference for certain visual stimuli over others.

Quiz 6: Cognitive Development: 0 to 3