Question 1

Because the diagnosis of ADHD is comparable across countries,
A) ADHD is considered normal high activity level of children.
B) It is now found to be equally prevalent among boys and girls.
C) this suggests that ADHD is no longer thought to be the result of intolerant parents.
D) this suggests that ADHD has significantly increased and spread worldwide.

Accepted Answer

The consistent diagnosis of ADHD across different countries suggests that it is not merely a result of cultural factors such as intolerant parenting, but rather a recognized medical condition.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of ADHD?
A) Inattention
B) Learning disabilities
C) Self-control
D) Fidgeting

Accepted Answer

Self-control is actually a characteristic that is typically impaired in individuals with ADHD. Inattention, learning disabilities, and fidgeting are all common symptoms of ADHD.

Question 3

The hypothesis that attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)may be influenced by toxins,food additives,or diet
A) is based on well-controlled studies.
B) is not well understood or studied, but generally effective as a treatment.
C) appears true for a small subset of individuals diagnosed with ADHD.
D) has no scientific evidence.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 4

In order to diagnose an individual with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder,it is necessary for symptoms to be present in
A) both symptom clusters.
B) the hyperactivity cluster.
C) the area of impulsivity.
D) either of the symptom clusters.

Accepted Answer

In order to diagnose an individual with ADHD, symptoms must be present in either the inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity symptom cluster. Therefore, the best choice is D.

Question 5

Although not classified as developmental disorders,many,if not most,psychological disorders can be considered developmental because they
A) appear early in life and change over the lifespan.
B) have a genetic component.
C) lack biological causes and are influenced by learning.
D) are unique to children.

Accepted Answer

Psychological disorders often have their roots in childhood experiences and appear early in life, while still having an impact on development throughout the lifespan. Therefore, many can be considered developmental disorders. Genetic factors may play a role, but other influences such as experiences and environmental factors also contribute to the development of psychological disorders. Additionally, psychological disorders are not unique to children but can be present in individuals of all ages.

Question 6

The main reason that it is so important to identify children with developmental disorders as early as possible is that
A) medications are most effective when administered at an early stage of the disorder.
B) skill deficits can be identified and addressed before they impact later development.
C) family functioning often declines as the developmental disorder progresses.
D) children are more receptive to therapy when they are young.

Accepted Answer

Identifying and addressing skill deficits early on can prevent them from impacting later development. Additionally, early interventions can improve outcomes and help children reach their full potential. While medication and therapy may also be more effective when administered early, the main reason for early identification is to address any delays or deficits in development as soon as possible to support optimal growth and development.

Question 7

One of the most common reasons that children are referred for mental health services in the United States is ______________.
A) ADHD
B) autism
C) pervasive developmental disorder
D) stuttering

Accepted Answer

ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) is one of the most common reasons that children are referred for mental health services in the United States. It is characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, which can significantly impact a child's academic, social, and emotional functioning.

Question 8

The inattention cluster of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms is characterized by _______________.
A) careless mistakes
B) fidgeting
C) not waiting one's turn to answer questions
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

The inattention cluster of ADHD symptoms includes behaviors such as making careless mistakes, which is option A. Options B and C are related to hyperactivity and impulsivity, not inattention.

Question 9

ADHA is found in about _________ of the child populations across all regions of the world.
A) 1%
B) 5%
C) 8%
D) 10%

Accepted Answer

ADHD is found in about 5% of the child populations across various regions of the world according to global studies and estimates.

Question 10

Which of the following often overlaps with ADHD?
A) Oppositional defiant disorder
B) Bipolar disorder
C) Conduct disorder
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

ADHD often co-occurs with other disorders. Oppositional defiant disorder, bipolar disorder, and conduct disorder are some of the disorders that often overlap with ADHD. Therefore, option D - "All of the above" is the correct answer.

Question 11

An individual diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder will always present with
A) hyperactive behavior that alternates with periods of distraction.
B) patterns of inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity.
C) both patterns of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity.
D) periods of distraction that lead to hyperactive/impulsive behavior.

Accepted Answer

ADHD can present with either patterns of inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity, or a combination of both, but not necessarily always both.

Question 12

The most accurate statement with regard to the genetic influences of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is
A) there are no known genetic influences.
B) there appears to be a single gene influence.
C) there appear to be multiple genetic influences.
D) defects on the Y chromosome are the major influence.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that there are multiple genetic influences on attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, involving both common and rare genetic variants. While individual genes may contribute to the disorder, it is likely that a combination of genetic factors is responsible. There is no evidence to support the idea that defects on the Y chromosome are a major influence on ADHD.

Question 13

The major reason that developmental disorders are considered to be so serious in terms of their capacity to disrupt later functioning is
A) the fact that medications used in children can have long-term effects.
B) the impact that they have on family functioning.
C) that the purely biological nature of developmental disorders leads to subsequent developmental failures.
D) that failure to develop at one level is thought to inhibit later stages of development.

Accepted Answer

Developmental disorders are serious because failure to develop at one stage inhibits later stages of development. For example, if a child is unable to develop language skills, it can have a significant impact on their later academic and social functioning. Therefore, early intervention and treatment is crucial to prevent long-term negative effects.

Question 14

Which of the following is the most likely reason for a child to be referred for mental health treatment?
A) Tourette's syndrome
B) ADHD
C) Obsessive-compulsive disorder
D) Bipolar disorder

Accepted Answer

ADHD is the most commonly diagnosed mental health disorder in children and is often the reason for referrals to mental health treatment. While the other disorders listed are also possible reasons for referrals, ADHD is more prevalent in children.

Question 15

Psychological disorders are considered developmental disorders when there is a
A) change in symptoms over the lifespan.
B) genetic component to the disorder.
C) significant dysfunction during childhood.
D) general decline in functioning over time.

Accepted Answer

Developmental disorders are characterized by significant dysfunction during childhood, which may persist into adulthood. This is different from disorders that develop later in life or have a sudden onset. While there may be changes in symptoms over the lifespan and a possible genetic component, these alone do not classify a disorder as developmental. A general decline in functioning over time is also not a defining characteristic of developmental disorders.

Question 16

Recent research has shown that ADHD
A) is considered to be highly influenced by genetics with a relatively small role played by environmental influences.
B) is caused by multiple genes
C) appears be related to the neurotransmitter dopamine.
D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

Recent research suggests that ADHD is highly influenced by genetics with a heritability estimate of around 76%. However, environmental factors such as prenatal exposure to alcohol or tobacco, premature birth, and low birth weight may also play a role in the development of the disorder. ADHD is caused by multiple genes, with several genome-wide association studies identifying candidate genes. In addition, research has shown that ADHD is related to the neurotransmitter dopamine, with lower levels of dopamine in the brain being associated with symptoms of ADHD.

Question 17

What are the three types of symptoms for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
A) Hyperactivity, impulsivity, inattention
B) Inattention, distraction, hyperactivity
C) Inattention, impulsivity, distraction
D) None of these

Accepted Answer

The three types of symptoms for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. These are the core symptoms outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) used to diagnose ADHD. Choice B is incorrect as distraction is not a core symptom of ADHD. Choice C has two of the core symptoms, but distraction is not considered a core symptom. Choice D is incorrect as there are indeed three types of symptoms for ADHD.

Question 18

According to your text,the reason that countries previously reporting lower rates of ADHD than those found in the United States are now finding rates of the disorder closer to the rate reported in the U.S.is
A) improvements in diagnosis.
B) better parent education.
C) the influence of drug companies.
D) poor parenting.

Accepted Answer

The text states that improvements in diagnosis, including increased awareness and changes in diagnostic criteria, may be a potential reason for the increased rates of ADHD being reported in other countries.

Question 19

Johnny is a 2-year-old boy who has no motivation to interact with other people.His absence of interest in people may also lead to severe deficits in his ability to ______________.
A) amuse himself
B) think
C) communicate
D) walk

Accepted Answer

One of the main signs of autism spectrum disorder is a lack of interest in social communication and interaction. As such, Johnny's absence of interest in people suggests that he may be struggling with communication skills.

Question 20

ADHD tends to occur in families where another family member has ADHD and with increased rates of ____________.
A) conduct disorders
B) mood disorders
C) substance abuse
D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that ADHD has a genetic component and tends to run in families. In addition, individuals with ADHD are at increased risk for developing other mental health conditions, such as conduct disorders, mood disorders, and substance abuse. Therefore, all of the above options (conduct disorders, mood disorders, and substance abuse) are associated with ADHD.

Quiz 14: Developmental Disorders

Because the diagnosis of ADHD is comparable across countries,

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of ADHD?

The hypothesis that attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be influenced by toxins,food additives,or diet

In order to diagnose an individual with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder,it is necessary for symptoms to be present in

Although not classified as developmental disorders,many,if not most,psychological disorders can be considered developmental because they

The main reason that it is so important to identify children with developmental disorders as early as possible is that

One of the most common reasons that children are referred for mental health services in the United States is ______________.

The inattention cluster of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms is characterized by _______________.

ADHA is found in about _________ of the child populations across all regions of the world.

Which of the following often overlaps with ADHD?

An individual diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder will always present with

The most accurate statement with regard to the genetic influences of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder is

The major reason that developmental disorders are considered to be so serious in terms of their capacity to disrupt later functioning is

Which of the following is the most likely reason for a child to be referred for mental health treatment?

Psychological disorders are considered developmental disorders when there is a

Recent research has shown that ADHD

What are the three types of symptoms for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder?

According to your text,the reason that countries previously reporting lower rates of ADHD than those found in the United States are now finding rates of the disorder closer to the rate reported in the U.S.is

Johnny is a 2-year-old boy who has no motivation to interact with other people.His absence of interest in people may also lead to severe deficits in his ability to ______________.

ADHD tends to occur in families where another family member has ADHD and with increased rates of ____________.