Question 1

_____ is a mild form of autism characterized by impairment in social interactions without significant problems in language, cognitive ability, or age-appropriate developmental skills; persons are socially awkward, do not understand the use of gestures, lack empathy, avoid eye contact, and seem unengaged.

Accepted Answer

Asperger's syndrome is a mild form of autism characterized by impairment in social interactions without significant problems in language, cognitive ability, or age-appropriate developmental skills; persons are socially awkward, do not understand the use of gestures, lack empathy, avoid eye contact, and seem unengaged.

Question 2

The language of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) consists mainly of naming nouns and adjectives that identify objects and indicating colors and numbers that represent nothing specific. This type of language is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Children with ASD are usually devoid of speech or have abnormal language. Their language consists mainly of naming nouns and adjectives that identify objects and indicating colors and numbers that represent nothing specific. This type of language is referred to as excellent rote memory.

Question 3

The American Dental Hygienists Association (ADHA) Code of Ethics states that clients should be treated without discrimination. Dental hygienists who are ill-prepared to treat these clients should seek continuing education opportunities and/or refer the client so that high-quality care can be rendered.

Accepted Answer

The ADHA Code of Ethics states that clients should be treated without discrimination. Dental hygienists who are ill-prepared to treat these clients should seek continuing education opportunities and/or refer the client so that high-quality care can be rendered.

Question 4

Prevalence of periodontal disease in the intellectual disability (ID) population is attributed to:

Accepted Answer

Prevalence of periodontal disease in the ID population is attributed to risk factors such as lack of professional care, lack of funds to support or access care, host susceptibility and poor oral hygiene.

Question 5

When treating ASD children, the dental hygienist should try to alleviate fear of dental instruments by:

Accepted Answer

ASD children are not afraid of people but of the objects they acquire. Dental hygienists should try to alleviate a fear of dental instruments by explaining each procedure and the use of each instrument to the client.

Question 6

Almost all clients with Down syndrome must be preoperatively medicated prior to dental treatment. When care requires a general anesthetic agent, a thorough health history review is imperative, and all possible needs should be met while the person is anesthetized.

Accepted Answer

Clients with Down syndrome can be preoperatively medicated prior to dental treatment if they are unmanageable. When care requires a general anesthetic agent, a thorough health history review is imperative, and all possible needs should be met while the person is anesthetized.

Question 7

Individuals with Down syndrome have a high incidence of periodontal disease that can begin as early as age 6, and by adulthood nearly all people with Down syndrome are affected.

Accepted Answer

Individuals with Down syndrome have a high incidence of periodontal disease that can begin as early as age 6, and by adulthood nearly all people with Down syndrome are affected.

Question 8

All of the following are strategies for establishing a trusting relationship with ID clients except:

Accepted Answer

Strategies for establishing a trusting relationship include familiarizing client with surroundings, give explanations slowly one instruction at a time, keep the first appointment short and nonthreatening and reward positive behavior.

Question 9

When planning oral hygiene interventions for clients with severe or profound ID, the caregiver should be included. Clients with severe ID can learn by habit training but need follow-up by the caregiver.

Accepted Answer

When planning oral hygiene interventions for clients with severe or profound ID, the caregiver should be included. Clients with severe ID can learn by habit training but need follow-up by the caregiver

Question 10

Employing the show-tell-do method of teaching fundamental skills is recommended for clients with:

Accepted Answer

Persons with moderate ID have poor hand and finger coordination; therefore, clients should be taught only the fundamental skills via the show-and-tell method.

Question 11

Malocclusion is rarely corrected in patients with Down syndrome because if a cross-bite is corrected, an earlier tissue breakdown may occur as a result of the underdeveloped maxilla and its relation to basal bone. Lingual movement of mandibular teeth is difficult because of their large, protruding tongues.

Accepted Answer

Malocclusion is rarely corrected in patients with Down syndrome because if a cross-bite is corrected, an earlier tissue breakdown may occur as a result of the underdeveloped maxilla and its relation to basal bone. Lingual movement of mandibular teeth is difficult because of their large, protruding tongues.

Question 12

The dental hygienist must determine the need for prophylactic antibiotic premedication based on current guidelines in persons with Down syndrome, because congenital heart disease is common in this population.

Accepted Answer

The dental hygienist must determine the need for prophylactic antibiotic premedication based on current guidelines in persons with Down syndrome because congenital heart disease is common in this population.

Question 13

The most severe form of autism in which the person has difficulty talking and relating to others and the environment and displays compulsive, ritualistic behaviors are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Autistic disorder (classic autism) is the most severe form of autism in which the person has difficulty talking and relating to others and the environment and displays compulsive, ritualistic behaviors.

Question 14

Many persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities rely on government-funded sources for income and financing healthcare; therefore, access to care is a real problem.

Accepted Answer

Many persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities rely on government-funded sources for income and financing healthcare; therefore access to care is a real problem.

Question 15

_____ is a form of autism that develops in children who initially seem normal; after at least 2 years of normal development, the child exhibits a dramatic loss of vocabulary, language, motor, and social skills.

Accepted Answer

Childhood disintegrative disorder is a form of autism that develops in children who initially seem normal; after at least 2 years of normal development, the child exhibits a dramatic loss of vocabulary, language, motor, and social skills.

Question 16

Rewards can be used to reinforce positive behavior in clients with Intellectual disabilities, all of the following are examples of social rewards except:

Accepted Answer

Social rewards include attention, affection, and praise. Going to a party is an example of an activity reward.

Question 17

All of the following are oral manifestations that can be observed in clients with intellectual disabilities except:

Accepted Answer

Oral manifestations that can be observed in clients with intellectual disabilities include dental attrition, bruxism, delayed tooth eruption and heavy oral biofilm. Most of these clients lack good home care regimes.

Question 18

Down syndrome is the most common and frequently observed chromosomal abnormality in humans and incidence is correlated with increased maternal age.

Accepted Answer

Down syndrome is the most common and frequently observed chromosomal abnormality in humans and incidence is correlated with increased maternal age.

Question 19

Clients with mild ID are not educable, so explain and demonstrate oral hygiene instructions based on activities instead of concepts.

Accepted Answer

Clients with mild ID are educable, so explain and demonstrate oral hygiene instructions based on activities instead of concepts.

Question 20

All of the following are oral manifestations that can be observed in clients with Down syndrome except:

Accepted Answer

Clients with Down syndrome often exhibit periodontal disease, low caries risk and microdontia. Hypersalivation is not a characteristic seen in this population.

Quiz 51: Cognitively and Developmentally Challenged Persons

The language of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) consists mainly of naming nouns and adjectives that identify objects and indicating colors and numbers that represent nothing specific. This type of language is referred to as:

Prevalence of periodontal disease in the intellectual disability (ID) population is attributed to:

When treating ASD children, the dental hygienist should try to alleviate fear of dental instruments by:

Almost all clients with Down syndrome must be preoperatively medicated prior to dental treatment. When care requires a general anesthetic agent, a thorough health history review is imperative, and all possible needs should be met while the person is anesthetized.

Individuals with Down syndrome have a high incidence of periodontal disease that can begin as early as age 6, and by adulthood nearly all people with Down syndrome are affected.

All of the following are strategies for establishing a trusting relationship with ID clients except:

When planning oral hygiene interventions for clients with severe or profound ID, the caregiver should be included. Clients with severe ID can learn by habit training but need follow-up by the caregiver.

Employing the show-tell-do method of teaching fundamental skills is recommended for clients with:

The dental hygienist must determine the need for prophylactic antibiotic premedication based on current guidelines in persons with Down syndrome, because congenital heart disease is common in this population.

The most severe form of autism in which the person has difficulty talking and relating to others and the environment and displays compulsive, ritualistic behaviors are referred to as:

Many persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities rely on government-funded sources for income and financing healthcare; therefore, access to care is a real problem.

_____ is a form of autism that develops in children who initially seem normal; after at least 2 years of normal development, the child exhibits a dramatic loss of vocabulary, language, motor, and social skills.

Rewards can be used to reinforce positive behavior in clients with Intellectual disabilities, all of the following are examples of social rewards except:

All of the following are oral manifestations that can be observed in clients with intellectual disabilities except:

Down syndrome is the most common and frequently observed chromosomal abnormality in humans and incidence is correlated with increased maternal age.

Clients with mild ID are not educable, so explain and demonstrate oral hygiene instructions based on activities instead of concepts.

All of the following are oral manifestations that can be observed in clients with Down syndrome except: