Question 1

According to the textbook,when did social scientists and others begin to recognize crimes against women like sexual assault?

Accepted Answer

The textbook states that it was during the 1970s when social scientists and others began to recognize crimes against women like sexual assault. This was due to the women's liberation movement, which brought attention to issues such as gender inequality, sexual harassment, and violence against women.

Question 2

Willie is from a poor home and dreams of becoming a doctor.He wins a full scholarship and is able to afford university,and he graduates at the top of his class.In strain theory terms,what is Willie?

Accepted Answer

In strain theory, a conformist is someone who accepts both the cultural goals and the means of achieving them. Willie follows the accepted path to success by pursuing education and becoming a doctor.

Question 3

In preindustrial societies,what is the most likely punishment a person would receive for murder?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In preindustrial societies,what is the most likely...

Question 4

What type of society do many sociologists believe Canadians now live in?

Accepted Answer

Many sociologists argue that Canadians live in a surveillance society due to the widespread use of technology to monitor and collect data on individuals' behaviors and preferences. This includes the use of cameras in public spaces, online tracking, and data collection by corporations and governments.

Question 5

Christina is from a poor home and dreams of becoming a doctor.She has excellent grades and wins a scholarship for her university costs.However,in her undergraduate class,she becomes disillusioned with the medical model and eventually decides that doctors are pawns in the overall system to keep people unaware of all of the abuses that "the system" is guilty of.She leaves university and founds a group of people dedicated to exposing "the system's" lies at all costs.In strain theory terms,what is Christina?

Accepted Answer

Christina is a rebel because she rejects both the traditional goals (becoming a doctor) and the means (medical education) and seeks to create new goals and means by founding a group to expose the system's lies.

Question 6

Raj is from a poor home and dreams of becoming a doctor.He does not have good enough grades to gain entrance to university however,and instead gives up his dream and works a series of menial jobs for the rest of his life.In strain theory terms,what is Raj?

Accepted Answer

In strain theory, a ritualist is someone who gives up on achieving societal goals but continues to adhere to societal norms. Raj gives up on his dream of becoming a doctor (the societal goal) but continues to work within the system by taking on menial jobs (adhering to societal norms).

Question 7

In monetary terms,which of the following types of crime likely costs society the most?

Accepted Answer

White-collar crime, including fraud, corruption, embezzlement, and other financial crimes, likely costs society the most in monetary terms. These crimes often involve large sums of money and can have a significant impact on the economy as a whole. In contrast, drug trafficking and other drug-related offences may cost society a great deal in terms of human suffering, but the direct monetary costs are likely lower. Violent crime and street crime may also have high social costs, but these would be more difficult to quantify in purely monetary terms.

Question 8

Which of the following views of punishment is characterized by the idea that if criminals are imprisoned they will not be free to do more societal harms?

Accepted Answer

Incapacitation is the view of punishment that is characterized by the idea that if criminals are imprisoned, they will not be free to do more societal harms. This is different from deterrence, which aims to prevent crimes from happening in the first place through the threat of punishment, revenge, which seeks to punish offenders for the harm they have caused, and rehabilitation, which focuses on reforming offenders to prevent future criminal behavior.

Question 9

Which of the following views of punishment is characterized by the idea that if criminals are imprisoned they will learn how to become better and more productive members of society?

Accepted Answer

The view of punishment described in the question is rehabilitation, which focuses on the goal of reforming offenders and preparing them to reintegrate into society as law-abiding citizens. This approach assumes that criminal behavior is a result of social, economic or psychological factors and that by addressing these underlying issues, offenders can be rehabilitated and successfully reintegrated into society.

Question 10

Rebecca is from a poor home and dreams of becoming a doctor.She has excellent grades but has nowhere near the money required for eight years or more of university.She works part-time at a restaurant but decides to supplement her income by selling drugs to her co-workers as well.In strain theory terms,what is Rebecca?

Accepted Answer

According to strain theory, innovation occurs when an individual accepts the goals of society but finds alternative, often illegal means of achieving them. Rebecca's goal is to become a doctor (accepted societal goal), but as she lacks the means to achieve that goal, she is turning to the illegal means of selling drugs to supplement her income (innovative response). Therefore, Rebecca is an innovator in strain theory terms.

Question 11

Which of the following views of punishment is characterized by the idea that if criminals understand that they will lose their freedom if imprisoned,their involvement in criminal acts will cease?

Accepted Answer

The view of punishment characterized by the idea that if criminals understand that they will lose their freedom if imprisoned, their involvement in criminal acts will cease is deterrence. This view assumes that the fear of punishment will deter individuals from committing crimes in the future.

Question 12

According to conflict theories,which of the following types of people are most likely to be criminalized?

Accepted Answer

Conflict theories suggest that those with less power and resources, such as anti-globalization protesters, are more likely to be criminalized compared to those involved in white-collar crimes like insider trading, cutting corners on worker safety, or bribing politicians, who often have more power and resources to avoid criminalization.

Question 13

According to research,where is the relationship between age,class and crime the strongest?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the relationship between age, class, and crime is the strongest among lower-class adults who commit street crimes. This group experiences the highest rates of crime involvement and is most closely associated with poverty and lack of opportunities. While other groups may also exhibit these relationships, the strongest correlation is found within this specific demographic.

Question 14

Which of the following characterizes complex,industrial societies?

Accepted Answer

Complex, industrial societies tend to have less strict social control and lower levels of conformity as individuals have greater opportunities for diversity and autonomy in their lives. They can choose from a wide range of occupations, lifestyles, and belief systems, leading to a greater variety of social norms and values. However, this does not necessarily mean that social norms are not widely shared or that there are few choices about which groups or organizations to belong to.

Question 15

Jackie is concerned about the level of graffiti and vandalism at her school.She wants to target a crime-prevention program at those most likely to commit these crimes.According to control theory,whom should she target for her campaign?

Accepted Answer

According to control theory, individuals who lack formal social control, such as those in poverty, are more likely to engage in deviant behavior. Targeting the poor students with a crime-prevention program may help decrease the incidence of graffiti and vandalism at Jackie's school.

Question 16

Natasha is from a poor home and dreams of becoming a doctor.She has excellent grades but does not have the money required for eight years or more of university.She numbs the pain of having to give up her lifelong dream by abusing alcohol and eventually becomes hooked on crystal meth,losing all ability to hold any kind of job.In strain theory terms,what is Natasha?

Accepted Answer

In strain theory, a retreatist is someone who rejects both the cultural goals and the means to achieve them. Natasha gives up on her dream of becoming a doctor and turns to substance abuse, withdrawing from societal expectations.

Question 17

According to the textbook,what has increased gender equality resulted in?

Accepted Answer

Increased gender equality has been associated with higher rates of female offenders, as traditional gender roles and barriers have shifted, allowing for more equal opportunities in all areas of life, including those that are unlawful.

Question 18

What is Roger Caron's book Go-Boy! about?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is Roger Caron's book Go-Boy! about?
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Question 19

Michael has been imprisoned since the age of 14.Based on what is known about prisons as agents of socialization,which of the following is the most likely outcome for Michael?

Accepted Answer

Prisons often reinforce criminal behavior due to the environment and the influence of other inmates, leading to a higher likelihood of continuing a life of crime after release.

Question 20

According to the textbook,what kind of group are criminals who create their own distinct norms,values,and codes of behaviour?

Accepted Answer

Subcultures are groups that develop their own norms, values, and codes of behavior in opposition to the dominant culture. Criminal subcultures are examples of this, where criminals create their own distinct norms and values that justify criminal behavior. Innovators are individuals who accept the goals of society but use illegitimate means to achieve them, while group conformists are individuals who conform to the norms and values of their immediate social group. Deviant factions are not a term used in the textbook.

Quiz 7: Deviance and Crime