Question 1

Which of the following would Malthus have to admit if he were alive today?
A) Population growth produces misery.
B) Having adequate food does not lead to an increased birth rate.
C) War, poverty, famine, and disease are not effective population stabilizers.
D) Contraception is not effective as a means of controlling fertility worldwide.

Accepted Answer

Malthus believed that having adequate food would lead to an increased birth rate, but research has shown that this is not necessarily the case. He would have to admit that he was wrong about this. The other options may still hold true in his perspective.

Question 2

Around what year do population experts predict that the world population will stabilize at approximately 9.5 billion?
A) 2050
B) 2100
C) 2150
D) 2200

Accepted Answer

C

Question 3

Bill,a Malthusian,believes that overpopulation is not a problem because there has been an increase in armed conflict globally.What do we call this type of population control?
A) negative checks
B) positive checks
C) preventative measures
D) permissive measures

Accepted Answer

Bill's belief that armed conflict is a form of population control aligns with the Malthusian idea of "positive checks," which are factors that increase mortality rates and decrease population growth. In this case, armed conflict is seen as a way to control population growth by reducing the number of people through death. Negative checks, on the other hand, are factors that decrease fertility rates and limit population growth, such as contraception, abortion, or celibacy. Preventative measures and permissive measures are not applicable in this scenario.

Question 4

Harbinder is employed by the government to analyze the migration routes of people from the British Commonwealth,seeing where people from each country migrated in each year.What is Harbinder employed as?
A) an urban sociologist
B) a demographer
C) a rural-urban statistician
D) a demographic transition theorist

Accepted Answer

Harbinder is employed to analyze migration patterns, which falls under the field of demography - the study of human population dynamics. A) Urban sociologists study societal interactions and dynamics within urban areas, which is not directly related to Harbinder's job. C) Rural-urban statisticians focus on analyzing data related to rural and urban areas, which is not specific to analyzing migration patterns. D) Demographic transition theory refers to the theory that a society's population transitions from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates, which is not directly relevant to Harbinder's job of analyzing migration patterns.

Question 5

Through the twentieth century it has been demonstrated that helping the poor through various types of welfare programs has had which of the following effects?
A) It has lowered the incidence of rebellion.
B) It has curbed crime rates among the poor.
C) It has lowered the birth rate among the poor.
D) It has increased the amount of food available.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Through the twentieth century it has been...

Question 6

Maria lives in a nation characterized as one of the worst in the world in terms of the wide disparity between the rich and poor.According to the textbook,which of the following nations does she most likely live in?
A) Costa Rica
B) Brazil
C) Venezuela
D) Chile

Accepted Answer

Brazil is known for its significant income inequality, with a vast disparity between the rich and the poor. This has been a longstanding issue in the country, making it a likely answer to the question.

Question 7

According to the textbook,at approximately what point did the world population begin to "explode"?
A) 12 000 years ago
B) 2000 years ago
C) 250 years ago
D) 50 years ago

Accepted Answer

The text states that the world population began to "explode" around 250 years ago with the start of the Industrial Revolution and advancements in medicine and agriculture.

Question 8

Annalise is a fourth-year university student who has enjoyed learning about the distribution and composition of various populations around the world,and she is considering making the study of populations her career choice.Which of the following subfields of sociology should she go into if she follows her plans?
A) social ecology
B) social studies
C) epidemiology
D) demography

Accepted Answer

Demography is the study of population structure, distribution, and changes, which aligns with Annalise's interest in studying populations. Social ecology focuses on how social and environmental factors interact, social studies is a broad term that does not specifically focus on studying populations, and epidemiology is the study of patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease in populations, which is not directly related to Annalise's interest in population distribution and composition.

Question 9

Simone,a Malthusian,believes that overpopulation is not a problem because there have been many recent natural disasters like tsunamis and tornados,which leave people homeless and living in conditions of disease and starvation.What do we call this type of population control?
A) negative checks
B) positive checks
C) preventative measures
D) permissive measures

Accepted Answer

Simone is describing positive checks on population growth. Positive checks are events or conditions that increase mortality rates and decrease the size of the population. Natural disasters such as tsunamis and tornados can lead to displacement, disease, and starvation, all of which can decrease the size of the population. Malthusian theory suggests that positive checks are an inevitable consequence of overpopulation.

Question 10

According to Malthus,food supply increases while population increases.In Malthus's view,what is the problem here?
A) Food supply increases arithmetically, and population increases arithmetically.
B) Food supply increases arithmetically, and population increases geometrically.
C) Food supply increases geometrically, and population increases arithmetically.
D) Food supply increases geometrically, and population increases geometrically.

Accepted Answer

Malthus believed that food supply increases at a slower rate (arithmetically) than population growth (geometrically). Therefore, as population grows, there will eventually be a point where there is not enough food to meet everyone's needs, leading to famine, disease, and other forms of suffering.

Question 11

The widespread availability of what has proven to be a critique of Malthus's predictions?
A) food
B) water
C) abortion
D) contraception

Accepted Answer

The widespread availability of contraception has allowed individuals and couples to control their fertility and prevent unintended pregnancies. This has led to slower population growth rates than Malthus predicted, proving his predictions wrong to some extent.

Question 12

Which of the following is a fact that casts doubt on Malthus's predictions about population growth?
A) Technological interference has decreased food production.
B) Technological advances have increased food production.
C) Technological measures have established the limit of population growth.
D) Technological innovations have destroyed food production in many areas.

Accepted Answer

Malthus predicted that population growth would outstrip food production, leading to famine and poverty. However, technological advancements in agriculture have increased food production and helped to feed the growing population. This fact casts doubt on Malthus's predictions.

Question 13

Benny considers himself a Malthusian and agrees with Malthus that there are two undisputable "facts" about people.Which of the following is one of them?
A) People must eat.
B) Agricultural yields are increasing.
C) People are biologically driven to live in groups.
D) People will congregate and create a city, if given enough time.

Accepted Answer

Malthus believed that the first "fact" about people is that they must eat. He argued that the population has a tendency to grow at a faster rate than the increase in food production, leading to a scarcity of resources and ultimately, a check on population growth through famine, disease or war.

Question 14

Which of the following is a critique of Malthus's predictions?
A) The upper limit of population growth is unclear.
B) The sex drive is not as powerful as Malthus believed.
C) Welfare systems have caused population growth.
D) Population growth produces misery.

Accepted Answer

Malthus's predictions were based on the assumption that the food supply would not be able to keep up with population growth, leading to famine and death. However, he did not take into account technological advancements and changes in agricultural practices that would increase food production. Additionally, the upper limit of population growth is unclear, as it is dependent on various factors such as resource availability, technological advancements, and cultural beliefs regarding family size.

Question 15

Until a few decades ago,what did sociologists believe was the primary cause of population growth?
A) industrialization
B) social inequality
C) capitalism
D) natural forces

Accepted Answer

Sociologists believed that industrialization was the primary cause of population growth due to improvements in healthcare, sanitation, and food production that came with industrial advancements, leading to lower mortality rates and longer lifespans.

Question 16

Despite being an Anglican clergy member,Malthus did not believe that people should assist those in poverty.Why?
A) He felt the poor have more abortions, which he was morally against.
B) He felt the poor would have more children, compounding overpopulation.
C) He felt the poor would fall prey to vices such as prostitution.
D) He felt the poor would cause a rebellion if their expectations began to rise.

Accepted Answer

Malthus believed in the principle of population, which stated that population growth was exponential while food production was linear. He believed that assisting the poor would only exacerbate the problem of overpopulation as they would have more children, making it harder to feed everyone. Therefore, he did not believe in providing assistance to those in poverty.

Question 17

According to sociologists,what is the process of population growth mainly governed by?
A) natural laws
B) evolution
C) genetics
D) social forces

Accepted Answer

Sociologists argue that population growth is mainly governed by social forces, such as cultural norms, economic systems, government policies, and migration patterns. These social factors influence fertility rates, mortality rates, and migration rates, which all contribute to population growth or decline. While natural laws, evolution, and genetics may play a role in shaping population dynamics, sociologists emphasize the importance of social factors in understanding and addressing population issues.

Question 18

Benny considers himself a Malthusian and agrees with Malthus that there are two undisputable "facts" about people.Which of the following is one of them?
A) People are biologically driven to organize themselves into social groups.
B) Agricultural yields are increasing.
C) People are biologically driven to want sex.
D) There is a finite carrying capacity on how much the earth can handle.

Accepted Answer

Malthus believed that people are biologically driven to reproduce, which aligns with the idea that they are driven to want sex.

Question 19

After studying urbanization,Winnie believes that cities are places where people are disconnected from one another and unsure about how they should act.What does the textbook suggest about this type of analysis of cities?
A) It is ambiguous.
B) It is accurate for cites outside of North America.
C) It is an oversimplification.
D) It is accurate.

Accepted Answer

The suggestion that cities are places where people are disconnected from one another and unsure about how they should act is an oversimplification according to the textbook. The reality is that cities are complex, diverse, and dynamic places with many different social networks, cultures, and neighborhoods. While it is true that some people may feel disconnected or uncertain in cities, this does not apply to everyone or all urban areas.

Question 20

David,a Malthusian,believes that overpopulation is not a problem because in his nation,abortion is legal and widely practised,and in other parts of the world he believes that abortion and infanticide are practised widely.What do we call this type of population control?
A) negative checks
B) positive checks
C) preventative measures
D) permissive measures

Accepted Answer

The answer of David,a Malthusian,believes that overpopulation is not a...

Quiz 20: Population and Urbanization

Which of the following would Malthus have to admit if he were alive today?

Around what year do population experts predict that the world population will stabilize at approximately 9.5 billion?

Bill,a Malthusian,believes that overpopulation is not a problem because there has been an increase in armed conflict globally.What do we call this type of population control?

Harbinder is employed by the government to analyze the migration routes of people from the British Commonwealth,seeing where people from each country migrated in each year.What is Harbinder employed as?

Through the twentieth century it has been demonstrated that helping the poor through various types of welfare programs has had which of the following effects?

Maria lives in a nation characterized as one of the worst in the world in terms of the wide disparity between the rich and poor.According to the textbook,which of the following nations does she most likely live in?

According to the textbook,at approximately what point did the world population begin to "explode"?

Simone,a Malthusian,believes that overpopulation is not a problem because there have been many recent natural disasters like tsunamis and tornados,which leave people homeless and living in conditions of disease and starvation.What do we call this type of population control?

According to Malthus,food supply increases while population increases.In Malthus's view,what is the problem here?

The widespread availability of what has proven to be a critique of Malthus's predictions?

Which of the following is a fact that casts doubt on Malthus's predictions about population growth?

Benny considers himself a Malthusian and agrees with Malthus that there are two undisputable "facts" about people.Which of the following is one of them?

Which of the following is a critique of Malthus's predictions?

Until a few decades ago,what did sociologists believe was the primary cause of population growth?

Despite being an Anglican clergy member,Malthus did not believe that people should assist those in poverty.Why?

According to sociologists,what is the process of population growth mainly governed by?

Benny considers himself a Malthusian and agrees with Malthus that there are two undisputable "facts" about people.Which of the following is one of them?

After studying urbanization,Winnie believes that cities are places where people are disconnected from one another and unsure about how they should act.What does the textbook suggest about this type of analysis of cities?

David,a Malthusian,believes that overpopulation is not a problem because in his nation,abortion is legal and widely practised,and in other parts of the world he believes that abortion and infanticide are practised widely.What do we call this type of population control?