Question 1

The DRIs set the recommended intake of dietary fiber for adolescent females at _____ per day.

Accepted Answer

The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) recommend 26 grams of dietary fiber per day for adolescent females.

Question 2

A reasonable number of goals to work toward with adolescents during a counseling session would be:

Accepted Answer

Setting one or two goals is reasonable as it allows the adolescent to focus and achieve success without feeling overwhelmed.

Question 3

A cup of breakfast cereal provides 40% of the DRI for folate for adolescent (14- to 18-year-old)females.How much folate is this?

Accepted Answer

The DRI for folate for adolescent (14- to 18-year-old) females is 400 micrograms. 40% of 400 micrograms is 160 micrograms.

Question 4

Which of these messages is best for motivating adolescents to eat a healthy diet?

Accepted Answer

Adolescents are often motivated by short-term benefits such as having energy for sports or social activities. This message focuses on the immediate rewards of healthy eating rather than long-term benefits.

Question 5

The most sensitive indicator for iron store depletion is _____.

Accepted Answer

Plasma ferritin is the most sensitive indicator for iron store depletion because it reflects the amount of ferritin, the major iron storage protein in the body. As iron stores become depleted, plasma ferritin levels decrease, indicating that iron is being used up and not being stored anymore. Hemoglobin and hematocrit are not as sensitive because they only decrease after iron stores have been depleted for a longer period of time. Heme iron is not an indicator for iron store depletion, but rather a type of iron found in animal products that is more easily absorbed by the body.

Question 6

Which of the following adolescent students is at nutrition risk?

Accepted Answer

The adolescent who works at Burger King is at nutrition risk due to the high likelihood of consuming a diet with excessive amounts of saturated fat, sodium, and calories. Working at a fast-food restaurant increases the likelihood of consuming fast-food items frequently, which can have long-term negative effects on health. The other choices do not necessarily indicate nutrition risk. The vegetarian adolescent is likely obtaining necessary nutrients from soymilk and other plant-based foods. The Southeast Asian girl's daily consumption of rice may be a cultural norm and does not necessarily indicate poor nutrition status. The African American's sports shake may be a healthy option if it contains necessary nutrients and does not contain excessive amounts of added sugar.

Question 7

For which 16-year-old teen would the dietitian have the greatest concern about folate status?

Accepted Answer

Folate needs increase during pregnancy and sexual activity puts a female at risk for pregnancy. Additionally, skipping breakfast may lead to inadequate folate intake. The other options have estimated intakes or serum levels that are within or close to recommended levels.

Question 8

Female adolescents report that they consume no dairy products _____ as compared to male adolescents.

Accepted Answer

Female adolescents report consuming no dairy products twice as often as male adolescents.

Question 9

Protein requirements for males are highest at _____ years.

Accepted Answer

Protein requirements for males are highest at 15-18 years due to a higher rate of muscle growth during puberty.

Question 10

All of the following are factors that increase a teen's need for iron EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The factors that increase a teen's need for iron are A) a rapid rate of linear growth, B) the onset of menarche for females, and C) an increase in blood volume. However, the greater intake of heme vs. nonheme iron sources does not increase a teen's need for iron. Both heme and nonheme iron sources can be equally effective in meeting the body's daily iron requirements.

Question 11

The dietary assessment tool that would be most useful for someone that is highly motivated to track changes would be the:

Accepted Answer

A food diary or record allows individuals to track their food intake over a period of time, providing more detailed information than a 24-hour recall or verbal diet history. This tool also promotes accountability and encourages individuals to be mindful of their food choices, making it the best choice for someone who is highly motivated to track changes. The food frequency questionnaire is useful for identifying broad patterns in an individual's diet, but is not as detailed or immediate as a food diary. Choice E is not the best option, as the verbal diet history provides limited information and does not allow for tracking over time.

Question 12

The protein requirement is greatest for females when the height growth spurt occurs.What age range would this be?

Accepted Answer

The height growth spurt generally occurs during puberty, which for females usually falls within the age range of 11-14 years. Therefore, the protein requirement is greatest for females within this age range.

Question 13

Adolescents have a relatively low intake of _____ and _____,which leads to less than the recommended intake of fiber.

Accepted Answer

Fruits and vegetables are primary sources of dietary fiber, and adolescents tend to consume less of these food groups.

Question 14

Vitamin D _____.

Accepted Answer

According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), blood levels of vitamin D among adolescents have declined in recent years.

Note: None of the statements given in the options are completely correct. Vitamin D is important for bone health as it helps in the absorption of calcium from the GI tract. It also helps in maintaining normal levels of calcium and phosphorus in the blood, which is important for various functions in the body. Vitamin D deficiency can cause an increase in parathyroid hormone levels, which can lead to bone loss. However, excess vitamin D can lead to hypercalcemia and can cause calcium to deposit in the soft tissues, leading to various complications. Vitamin D is not directly involved in oxygen delivery to tissues.

Question 15

School-based programs can play important roles in promoting healthy eating and physical activity.Efforts to promote physical activity and healthy eating in a school health program should involve:

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed are important components of a school health program that can promote healthy eating and physical activity. The school food service can offer healthy and nutritious meal options, while the health services can provide education and support for healthy eating habits. The physical education programs can encourage regular physical activity, and the curriculum can incorporate lessons on healthy habits and lifestyles. By incorporating all of these elements, school-based programs can provide a comprehensive approach to promoting healthy habits for students.

Question 16

An underweight 17-year-old male was 15 minutes late to his nutrition counseling appointment and he has to leave for a school-related practice in 20 minutes.What dietary assessment method would be the most appropriate for the dietitian to begin assessing his food-intake pattern as well as a method that she could reliably complete on the telephone at a later time?

Accepted Answer

The 24-hour recall method would be the most appropriate for a quick and brief assessment of his food intake pattern, and it can also be completed over the phone at a later time. It involves asking the individual to recall all the food and beverages consumed in the previous 24 hours, including the portion size and preparation methods. This method is quick and easy, making it ideal for a rushed appointment or phone call.

Question 17

Severe folate deficiency in adolescence can result in:

Accepted Answer

Severe folate deficiency can lead to megaloblastic anemia, which is characterized by the production of abnormally large red blood cells. Down syndrome, spina bifida, and anencephaly are all linked to deficiencies in other nutrients, while rickets is associated with vitamin D deficiency.

Question 18

The best reason for advising young adolescents to consume foods that provide adequate calcium is _____.

Accepted Answer

Young adolescents are in a critical stage of bone growth and development. Consuming foods that provide adequate calcium is important during this stage because they retain four times more calcium than adults and build bone mass. Adequate calcium intake during adolescence can help prevent osteoporosis later in life. A and B are not accurate reasons for advising calcium intake, and D is irrelevant.

Question 19

Susan is a 15-year-old who likes fruits,some vegetables,and breads (whole-grain and enriched)but refuses to consume milk,seafood,and eggs.A recent doctor visit revealed normal hemoglobin and plasma ferritin levels.What would you advise?

Accepted Answer

Susan's diet lacks milk and seafood, which are common sources of vitamin D. A supplement can help ensure adequate intake.

Question 20

The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommend that all adolescents be physically active how often?

Accepted Answer

The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommend that all adolescents should aim for at least 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity every day. Therefore, the correct choice is C, which implies Daily.

Quiz 14: Adolescent Nutrition