Question 1

Method of agreement is used to establish ______.
A) intercoder reliability
B) the quality of secondary data
C) a causal association
D) how data will be coded to maintain subject confidentiality

Accepted Answer

The method of agreement is a principle in inductive logic that is used to identify a factor common to multiple instances of a phenomenon, thereby suggesting a causal connection. It is particularly useful in establishing a causal association between variables by comparing cases where the outcome is observed and identifying common factors.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statements about Adolphe Quételet's study of homicide in France?
A) This is an example of a study using crime mapping.
B) Homicide rates fluctuated widely from year to year.
C) Homicide rates remained relatively constant from year to year.
D) The proportion of homicides committed by a knife declined dramatically over the course of the study.

Accepted Answer

Homicide rates fluctuated widely from year to year.

Question 3

Which of the following scholars is credited with being the first to show that the annual number of murders reported in France were relatively constant and so too were the proportion of murders committed using guns, swords, knives, stones, kicks and punches, and strangulation?
A) Adolphe Quételet
B) Émile Durkheim's
C) Francois Menard
D) none of these

Accepted Answer

Adolphe Quételet is credited with being the first to demonstrate the regularity in the annual number of reported murders in France, including the consistency in the proportion of murders committed by various means. His work laid foundational concepts for the field of social statistics and the study of social phenomena.

Question 4

Which of the following scholars is credited with conducting one of the early studies on the relationship between religion and suicide using official statistics?
A) Adolphe Quételet
B) Émile Durkheim
C) Francois Menard
D) none of these

Accepted Answer

Émile Durkheim is credited with conducting one of the early and most influential studies on the relationship between religion and suicide, using official statistics in his work "Suicide" published in 1897.

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a dataset that exists in the National Archive of Criminal Justice Data (NACJD)?
A) Gang Involvement in Rock Cocaine Trafficking in Los Angeles, 1984-1985
B) Criminal Careers and Crime Control in Massachusetts
C) Changing Patterns of Drug Use and Criminality Among Crack Cocaine Users in New York City: Criminal Histories and CJ Processing, 1983-1984, 1986
D) All of these

Accepted Answer

All of these examples are representative of the types of datasets that can be found in the National Archive of Criminal Justice Data (NACJD), which houses data on a wide range of criminal justice topics, including drug trafficking, criminal careers, and patterns of drug use and criminality.

Question 6

Which type of datasets are primarily warehoused at ICPSR?
A) surveys
B) official records
C) official statistics
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

ICPSR (Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research) warehouses a variety of datasets, including surveys, official records, and official statistics, making all of these options correct.

Question 7

Which of the following agencies is responsible for conducting the General Social Survey (GSS)?
A) Bureau of the Census
B) National Institute of Justice
C) National Opinion Research Center
D) Bureau of Justice Statistics

Accepted Answer

The National Opinion Research Center (NORC) is responsible for conducting the General Social Survey (GSS), which is a sociological survey used to collect data on demographic characteristics and attitudes of residents of the United States.

Question 8

Which of the following countries has been at the forefront in efforts to promote and warehouse qualitative data?
A) United States
B) Belgium
C) France
D) England

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following countries has been...

Question 9

What kind of research focuses on the nation or other unit as a whole?
A) case-oriented research
B) temporal research
C) participatory observation research
D) field research

Accepted Answer

Case-oriented research focuses on the nation or other unit as a whole, examining it in-depth and often in a comparative context to understand its unique characteristics and dynamics.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of comparative research?
A) descriptive
B) analytic
C) transnational
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of comparative research?
A) descriptive
B) analytic
C) transnational
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an example...

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of research that explores how cultures and nations deal with crime that transcends their borders?
A) descriptive
B) analytic
C) transnational
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

Transnational research specifically focuses on issues that cross national borders, such as international crime, making it the correct choice for exploring how different cultures and nations address crime that transcends their borders.

Question 13

Which of the former American Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences' presidents noted that comparative research in criminology and criminal justice took on new importance after Septermber 11, 2001?
A) John Laub
B) Robert Sampson
C) Richard Bennett
D) none of these

Accepted Answer

Richard Bennett is known for emphasizing the significance of comparative research in criminology and criminal justice, particularly highlighting its increased importance following the events of September 11, 2001.

Question 14

Which of the following is an unobtrusive method of research?
A) participatory research
B) content analysis
C) in-depth interviewing
D) focus groups

Accepted Answer

Content analysis is an unobtrusive method of research because it involves analyzing existing information or documents without interacting with human subjects, thus not influencing their behavior.

Question 15

Which of the following is considered a step in content analysis research?
A) Identify a population of documents or other textual sources for study.
B) Determine the units of analysis.
C) Select a sample of units from the population.
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

All of these steps (identifying a population of documents, determining units of analysis, and selecting a sample of units) are part of the content analysis research process.

Question 16

Which of the following words is considered a homograph?
A) bass
B) bat
C) mine
D) all of these

Accepted Answer

Homographs are words that are spelled the same but have different meanings and sometimes different pronunciations. "Bass" can refer to a type of fish or a low musical tone, "bat" can mean a piece of sports equipment or an animal, and "mine" can denote possession or a type of excavation in the earth. Therefore, all of these are considered homographs.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is accurate concerning research across national boundaries?
A) Data quality concerns are less.
B) Data quality concerns are more.
C) Data quality concerns are the same.
D) There are no data quality concerns.

Accepted Answer

When conducting research across national boundaries, data quality concerns are typically more pronounced due to variations in methodologies, definitions, and standards between countries. This can make data collection, comparison, and analysis more challenging.

Question 18

Which of the following is a sampling strategy used in qualitative research where researchers select cases because they reflect theoretically important distinctions?
A) systematic random sampling
B) simple random sampling
C) snowball sampling
D) purposive sampling

Accepted Answer

Purposive sampling is a non-random sampling strategy used in qualitative research where researchers select participants based on specific characteristics or qualities. This method is chosen to provide deep insight or develop a theory, focusing on cases that are expected to be information-rich and relevant to the phenomena under study.

Question 19

Data to be used for secondary analysis can be located on the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) website.

Accepted Answer

The Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) is a major repository that provides access to a vast archive of data for secondary analysis in the fields of political and social sciences.

Question 20

Secondary data analysis was first used in the 1990s.

Accepted Answer

Secondary data analysis has been used long before the 1990s, with its roots traceable back to at least the early 20th century, as researchers have historically utilized existing data sets for new analyses.

Quiz 10: Analyzing Content: Research Using Secondary, Historical, and Comparative Data, and Content Analysis

Method of agreement is used to establish ______.

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statements about Adolphe Quételet's study of homicide in France?

Which of the following scholars is credited with being the first to show that the annual number of murders reported in France were relatively constant and so too were the proportion of murders committed using guns, swords, knives, stones, kicks and punches, and strangulation?

Which of the following scholars is credited with conducting one of the early studies on the relationship between religion and suicide using official statistics?

Which of the following is an example of a dataset that exists in the National Archive of Criminal Justice Data (NACJD) ?

Which type of datasets are primarily warehoused at ICPSR?

Which of the following agencies is responsible for conducting the General Social Survey (GSS) ?

Which of the following countries has been at the forefront in efforts to promote and warehouse qualitative data?

What kind of research focuses on the nation or other unit as a whole?

Which of the following is an example of comparative research?

Which of the following is an example of comparative research?

Which of the following is an example of research that explores how cultures and nations deal with crime that transcends their borders?

Which of the former American Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences' presidents noted that comparative research in criminology and criminal justice took on new importance after Septermber 11, 2001?

Which of the following is an unobtrusive method of research?

Which of the following is considered a step in content analysis research?

Which of the following words is considered a homograph?

Which of the following statements is accurate concerning research across national boundaries?

Which of the following is a sampling strategy used in qualitative research where researchers select cases because they reflect theoretically important distinctions?

Data to be used for secondary analysis can be located on the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) website.

Secondary data analysis was first used in the 1990s.