Question 1

Which of the following are factors that increase a person's risk for pelvic organ prolapse? (Select all that apply.)
A) Female
B) Age of 78 years
C) Nulliparity
D) Body mass index (BMI) of 23
E) Smoker

Accepted Answer

Being female, older age, and smoking are known risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse. Nulliparity and a normal BMI of 23 are not considered risk factors.

Question 2

Which of the following is a significant downward rotation of more than 35° of the distal anterior vaginal wall caused by a defect in the suburethral connective tissue and pubourethral (pubovisceral) ligaments?
A) Anterior vaginal wall prolapse
B) Hypermobile urethra
C) Apical vaginal prolapse
D) Posterior vaginal wall prolapse

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

Misbah is a 69-year-old client who has just been diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse. She reports vaginal pain when working in her garden and describes symptoms indicating urinary retention. On performing a pelvic exam, the nurse observes that the client's vagina appears dry and shows signs of erosion and ulceration. On the basis of these symptoms, which stage of pelvic organ prolapse is Misbah most likely in?
A) Stage 1
B) Stage 2
C) Stage 3
D) Stage 4

Accepted Answer

D

Question 4

Tierra has been diagnosed with Stage 2 pelvic organ prolapse. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse expect to find in this client? (Select all that apply.)
A) Lower back pain
B) Pelvic heaviness or fullness
C) Obstructive urination
D) Pain during intercourse
E) Urinary retention

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tierra has been diagnosed with Stage 2...

Question 5

Alex has been diagnosed with Stage 3 pelvic organ prolapse. She has been experiencing urinary incontinence and is in need of vaginal support. Which of the following interventions would fully meet the needs of this client, most?
A) Pelvic floor muscle therapy
B) Donut pessary
C) Neurologic stimulation therapy
D) Estrogen therapy

Accepted Answer

A donut pessary is specifically designed to provide support for pelvic organ prolapse, which can help alleviate symptoms such as urinary incontinence by supporting the pelvic organs and reducing the prolapse. Pelvic floor muscle therapy, neurologic stimulation therapy, and estrogen therapy may offer some benefits but do not directly address the structural support needed in Stage 3 prolapse as effectively as a pessary.

Question 6

Which treatment for pelvic organ prolapse involves a prescriptive medical device that combines Kegel exercises and noninvasive electrical stimulation via biphasic wave forms to stimulate pelvic nerves to enhance contractile response?
A) Intone
B) Percutaneous tibia nerve simulation
C) Pessary therapy
D) Pelvic floor muscle therapy

Accepted Answer

Intone combines Kegel exercises with noninvasive electrical stimulation using biphasic wave forms to stimulate pelvic nerves, enhancing the contractile response of the muscles, which is a treatment approach for pelvic organ prolapse.

Question 7

Which of the following symptoms are associated with painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis? (Select all that apply.)
A) Urinary retention
B) Urethral pain
C) Sensation of organs descending into the vagina
D) Urinary urgency
E) Nocturia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following symptoms are associated...

Question 8

Which of the following is typically the cause of urinary frequency in clients with painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis?
A) Fear of urinary urge incontinence
B) Anxiety over developing a urinary tract infection
C) Desire to relieve pain by voiding
D) Sensation of urinary retention

Accepted Answer

Painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis often leads to urinary frequency because voiding can temporarily relieve the pain associated with the condition.

Question 9

Tiffany, a client suspected of having painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis, has been found to have hematuria. Tiffany has a history of surgical mesh augmentation for the correction of an anterior pelvic defect. Which diagnostic test would be best to rule out an alternative condition in this client?
A) Potassium sensitivity test
B) Symptom scale
C) Blood glucose level
D) Cystoscopy with hydrodistention

Accepted Answer

Cystoscopy with hydrodistention is the best diagnostic test among the options to rule out alternative conditions in a client with suspected painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis who has hematuria and a history of surgical mesh augmentation. This procedure allows direct visualization of the bladder's interior, helping to identify other potential causes of the symptoms, such as bladder stones, tumors, or complications related to the surgical mesh.

Question 10

Isabelle is suspected of having painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis as a result of a neurological hypersensitivity. Given the suspected etiology in this case, which treatment would be most appropriate for Isabelle?
A) Pentosan polysulfate sodium
B) Amitriptyline
C) Montelukast
D) Cyclosporine A

Accepted Answer

Amitriptyline is an appropriate choice for treating painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis, especially when suspected to be due to neurological hypersensitivity. Amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, can help manage pain through its effects on the central nervous system, making it suitable for conditions with a neurological component.

Question 11

Valerie is suspected of having painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis as a result of a body-wall abnormality. Given the suspected etiology in this case, which treatment would be most appropriate for Valerie?
A) Physical therapy
B) Pessary therapy
C) Electrical stimulation therapy
D) Behavioral therapy

Accepted Answer

Physical therapy is the most appropriate treatment for painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis resulting from a body-wall abnormality, as it can help address musculoskeletal issues contributing to the condition.

Question 12

Kelly is suspected of having painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis as a result of a mast-cell response. Given the suspected etiology in this case, which treatment would be most appropriate for Valerie?
A) Pentosan polysulfate sodium
B) Amitriptyline
C) Montelukast
D) Cyclosporine A

Accepted Answer

Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that can help manage symptoms related to mast cell activation, such as in the case of painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis suspected to be due to a mast-cell response.

Question 13

Which of the following are common symptoms of cystitis? (Select all that apply.)
A) Low back pain
B) Frequent urge to urinate
C) An inability to urinate due to obstruction
D) A sensation of burning during urination
E) Pain with sitting or walking

Accepted Answer

Cystitis commonly presents with a frequent urge to urinate and a burning sensation during urination.

Question 14

Which of the following ones typically causes cystitis?
A) A defect in the connective tissue supporting the bladder
B) Bacteria entering the bladder via the urethra
C) An urothelial abnormality
D) A virus entering the uterus via the cervix

Accepted Answer

Cystitis is most commonly caused by bacteria entering the bladder via the urethra, leading to infection and inflammation.

Question 15

What percentage of women older than 55 years experience a recurrence of a urinary tract infection within a year?
A) 33%
B) 43%
C) 53%
D) 63%

Accepted Answer

Approximately 53% of women older than 55 years experience a recurrence of a urinary tract infection within a year. This high recurrence rate highlights the need for effective management and preventive strategies in this age group.

Quiz 29: Urologic and Pelvic Floor Health Problems

Which of the following are factors that increase a person's risk for pelvic organ prolapse? (Select all that apply.)

Which of the following is a significant downward rotation of more than 35° of the distal anterior vaginal wall caused by a defect in the suburethral connective tissue and pubourethral (pubovisceral) ligaments?

Tierra has been diagnosed with Stage 2 pelvic organ prolapse. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse expect to find in this client? (Select all that apply.)

Alex has been diagnosed with Stage 3 pelvic organ prolapse. She has been experiencing urinary incontinence and is in need of vaginal support. Which of the following interventions would fully meet the needs of this client, most?

Which treatment for pelvic organ prolapse involves a prescriptive medical device that combines Kegel exercises and noninvasive electrical stimulation via biphasic wave forms to stimulate pelvic nerves to enhance contractile response?

Which of the following symptoms are associated with painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis? (Select all that apply.)

Which of the following is typically the cause of urinary frequency in clients with painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis?

Isabelle is suspected of having painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis as a result of a neurological hypersensitivity. Given the suspected etiology in this case, which treatment would be most appropriate for Isabelle?

Valerie is suspected of having painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis as a result of a body-wall abnormality. Given the suspected etiology in this case, which treatment would be most appropriate for Valerie?

Kelly is suspected of having painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis as a result of a mast-cell response. Given the suspected etiology in this case, which treatment would be most appropriate for Valerie?

Which of the following are common symptoms of cystitis? (Select all that apply.)

Which of the following ones typically causes cystitis?

What percentage of women older than 55 years experience a recurrence of a urinary tract infection within a year?