Deck 29: Urologic and Pelvic Floor Health Problems

Question 1

Which of the following are factors that increase a person's risk for pelvic organ prolapse? (Select all that apply.)

A) Female
B) Age of 78 years
C) Nulliparity
D) Body mass index (BMI) of 23
E) Smoker

Answer 1

A, B, E

Question 2

Which of the following is a significant downward rotation of more than 35° of the distal anterior vaginal wall caused by a defect in the suburethral connective tissue and pubourethral (pubovisceral) ligaments?

A) Anterior vaginal wall prolapse
B) Hypermobile urethra
C) Apical vaginal prolapse
D) Posterior vaginal wall prolapse

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Misbah is a 69-year-old client who has just been diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse. She reports vaginal pain when working in her garden and describes symptoms indicating urinary retention. On performing a pelvic exam, the nurse observes that the client's vagina appears dry and shows signs of erosion and ulceration. On the basis of these symptoms, which stage of pelvic organ prolapse is Misbah most likely in?

A) Stage 1
B) Stage 2
C) Stage 3
D) Stage 4

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Tierra has been diagnosed with Stage 2 pelvic organ prolapse. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse expect to find in this client? (Select all that apply.)

A) Lower back pain
B) Pelvic heaviness or fullness
C) Obstructive urination
D) Pain during intercourse
E) Urinary retention

Question 5

Alex has been diagnosed with Stage 3 pelvic organ prolapse. She has been experiencing urinary incontinence and is in need of vaginal support. Which of the following interventions would fully meet the needs of this client, most?

A) Pelvic floor muscle therapy
B) Donut pessary
C) Neurologic stimulation therapy
D) Estrogen therapy

Question 6

Which treatment for pelvic organ prolapse involves a prescriptive medical device that combines Kegel exercises and noninvasive electrical stimulation via biphasic wave forms to stimulate pelvic nerves to enhance contractile response?

A) Intone
B) Percutaneous tibia nerve simulation
C) Pessary therapy
D) Pelvic floor muscle therapy

Question 7

Which of the following symptoms are associated with painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis? (Select all that apply.)

A) Urinary retention
B) Urethral pain
C) Sensation of organs descending into the vagina
D) Urinary urgency
E) Nocturia

Question 8

Which of the following is typically the cause of urinary frequency in clients with painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis?

A) Fear of urinary urge incontinence
B) Anxiety over developing a urinary tract infection
C) Desire to relieve pain by voiding
D) Sensation of urinary retention

Question 9

Tiffany, a client suspected of having painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis, has been found to have hematuria. Tiffany has a history of surgical mesh augmentation for the correction of an anterior pelvic defect. Which diagnostic test would be best to rule out an alternative condition in this client?

A) Potassium sensitivity test
B) Symptom scale
C) Blood glucose level
D) Cystoscopy with hydrodistention

Question 10

Isabelle is suspected of having painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis as a result of a neurological hypersensitivity. Given the suspected etiology in this case, which treatment would be most appropriate for Isabelle?

A) Pentosan polysulfate sodium
B) Amitriptyline
C) Montelukast
D) Cyclosporine A

Question 11

Valerie is suspected of having painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis as a result of a body-wall abnormality. Given the suspected etiology in this case, which treatment would be most appropriate for Valerie?

A) Physical therapy
B) Pessary therapy
C) Electrical stimulation therapy
D) Behavioral therapy

Question 12

Kelly is suspected of having painful bladder syndrome/interstitial cystitis as a result of a mast-cell response. Given the suspected etiology in this case, which treatment would be most appropriate for Valerie?

A) Pentosan polysulfate sodium
B) Amitriptyline
C) Montelukast
D) Cyclosporine A

Question 13

Which of the following are common symptoms of cystitis? (Select all that apply.)

A) Low back pain
B) Frequent urge to urinate
C) An inability to urinate due to obstruction
D) A sensation of burning during urination
E) Pain with sitting or walking

Question 14

Which of the following ones typically causes cystitis?

A) A defect in the connective tissue supporting the bladder
B) Bacteria entering the bladder via the urethra
C) An urothelial abnormality
D) A virus entering the uterus via the cervix

Question 15

What percentage of women older than 55 years experience a recurrence of a urinary tract infection within a year?

A) 33%
B) 43%
C) 53%
D) 63%