Question 1

Tyler,age 13,has brought alcohol to school on two occasions and has run away from home twice.Tyler's acts are
A)index offenses.
B)status offenses.
C)conduct offenses.
D)None of these choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

Tyler's actions are considered status offenses, which are offenses that only apply to juveniles because of their status as minors. Bringing alcohol to school and running away from home are both examples of status offenses.

Question 2

Which of the following adolescents is MOST at risk for depression?
A)Dan,who has just been cut from the football team.
B)Alexis,whose boyfriend just ended their two-year relationship and who has few female friends for support.
C)Ralph,who has conflict with his brother but a good relationship with his parents.
D)Cody,who broke up with his girlfriend because he realized she was too dependent on him.

Accepted Answer

Alexis is most at risk for depression because she just experienced a significant loss (the end of a two-year relationship) and has few close friends for support. Social support is a protective factor against depression, and the lack of it can increase the risk of depression. While the other options involve negative experiences, they do not necessarily indicate a high risk for depression.

Question 3

Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for the diagnosis of conduct disorder?
A)Multiple behaviors have to occur over a period of one year.
B)Behaviors have to occur before the age of 13.
C)Individuals must exhibit five or more of the aberrant behaviors,such as truancy,running away,fire setting,cruelty to animals,or excessive fighting.
D)None of these choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder do not specifically require that behaviors occur before the age of 13, nor do they mandate a one-year period or a minimum of five specific behaviors like truancy or fire setting. The criteria focus on a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated.

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding juvenile delinquency is NOT true?
A)Early-onset (before age 11)antisocial behavior is more likely to persist into emerging adulthood than is late-onset antisocial behavior.
B)Late-onset (after age 11)antisocial behavior is related to more negative developmental outcomes than early-onset antisocial behavior.
C)Males are more likely than females to engage in delinquency.
D)The peak age for violent behavior in females is 19 to 21.

Accepted Answer

This statement is not true. Late-onset antisocial behavior is generally considered to be less serious than early-onset behavior and is associated with fewer negative outcomes.

Question 5

Ira is experiencing impotence,premature baldness,enlargement of the prostate gland,and pain upon urination.What class of drugs is Ira most likely using?
A)depressants
B)anabolic steroids
C)anti-anxiety drugs
D)anti-cancer drugs

Accepted Answer

Ira is most likely using anabolic steroids, which can cause impotence, premature baldness, enlargement of the prostate gland, and pain upon urination as side effects.

Question 6

Faye,age 17,has no appetite,no energy,and no interest in any of the activities that used to give her pleasure.In addition,she feels worthless and has problems concentrating and making any decisions.Faye has had these symptoms for a month.Faye is probably suffering from
A)dysphoric disorder.
B)bipolar disorder.
C)a major depressive disorder.
D)normal adolescent mood swings.

Accepted Answer

Faye has several symptoms of major depressive disorder, including loss of appetite, low energy, anhedonia (loss of interest in enjoyable activities), feelings of worthlessness, difficulty concentrating, and difficulty making decisions. These symptoms have lasted for a month, and are not typical of normal adolescent mood swings. Dysphoric disorder is not a recognized diagnosis, and bipolar disorder may involve manic or hypomanic episodes, which Faye does not appear to be experiencing.

Question 7

Criminal acts,whether committed by a juvenile or an adult,are known as
A)status offenses.
B)index offenses.
C)white-collar crimes.
D)None of these choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

Index offenses are criminal acts that are listed in the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program, including crimes such as homicide, burglary, robbery, and drug offenses. Status offenses refer to actions that are only considered illegal because of the offender's age, such as truancy or violating curfew. White-collar crimes involve non-violent financial offenses committed by professionals in business or government positions. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of major depression?
A)interest in activities that were not formally of any interest
B)loss of energy
C)increase in appetite
D)sleeping too much

Accepted Answer

Interest in activities that were not formerly of interest is not typically a symptom of major depression. Major depression symptoms often include a loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities, not a newfound interest in new activities.

Question 9

Early alcohol use
A)is related to alcohol dependence during adulthood.
B)Is related to increased likelihood of delinquency.
C)Is almost always associated with parents who drink to intoxication.
D)Is not a significant risk factor in later substance abuse.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Early alcohol use
A)is related to alcohol dependence...

Question 10

Which of the following emerging adults is LEAST likely to drink heavily?
A)Phil,a married,23-year-old graduate student.
B)Megan,a single,21-year-old college senior.
C)Pam,a 24-year-old bank teller who never went to college.
D)Evie,a 22-year-old married woman who considers herself a born-again Christian.

Accepted Answer

Research shows that marriage and religion are protective factors against heavy drinking in emerging adulthood. Therefore, Phil, Megan, and Pam are all more likely to drink heavily than Evie, who is married and considers herself a born-again Christian.

Question 11

The most successful prevention program for adolescent delinquency
A)Focus on family interactions.
B)involve individual therapy for the teen at-risk for delinquency.
C)Involve group therapy for the teen at-risk for delinquency.
D)Are school based programs.

Accepted Answer

Research consistently supports the effectiveness of prevention programs that focus on family interactions, including programs that provide parenting education and assistance, as well as programs that involve whole-family therapy. These programs have been shown to reduce delinquent behaviors and strengthen family relationships. Program components may include improved communication, problem-solving skills, and conflict resolution strategies. Additionally, involving families in prevention efforts can foster positive connections and support networks that can help teens avoid delinquent behavior.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about inhalants is TRUE?
A)Inhalants cause users to feel a short-term increase of inhibitions.
B)Inhalants cause short-term intoxicating effects in users.
C)There are no serious effects to the body from the use of inhalants.
D)Use of inhalants by U.S.adolescents has increased slightly in the twenty-first century.

Accepted Answer

Inhalants are volatile substances that produce chemical vapors that can be inhaled. These substances can cause short-term intoxicating effects, such as feeling high or dizzy, slurring speech, and impaired motor coordination. However, inhalants can also cause serious short-term and long-term effects on the body, including damage to the brain, heart, liver, and kidneys. Inhalant use among U.S. adolescents has decreased in the twenty-first century, according to national surveys.

Question 13

Stephanie is using a drug that has caused her to have severe mood swings,paranoid jealousy,and uncontrollable bursts of anger.What class of drugs is Stephanie most likely using?
A)birth-control pills
B)anabolic steroids
C)anti-anxiety drugs
D)None of these choices are correct

Accepted Answer

Anabolic steroids can cause severe mood swings, paranoid jealousy, and uncontrollable bursts of anger as a side effect. Birth-control pills and anti-anxiety drugs do not typically have these side effects.

Question 14

Females have more depressive symptoms than males do,for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
A)more negative body image than males.
B)less discrimination than males.
C)hormonal variability.
D)rumination in their depressed mood.

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that females experience higher rates of depression and depressive symptoms than males. This is largely attributed to factors such as negative body image, hormonal variability, and rumination in their depressed mood. However, there is no evidence to suggest that females have experienced less discrimination than males, making option B the incorrect choice.

Question 15

Jake,age 14,has a long history of setting small fires,torturing kittens,skipping school,and fighting with his peers.His parents have sought counseling for him,as they cannot control him and fear that his behavior is getting worse.Jake meets the criteria for a diagnosis of
A)antisocial personality disorder.
B)oppositional-defiant disorder.
C)conduct disorder.
D)sociopathic personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

Jake's history of setting small fires, torturing kittens, skipping school, and fighting with his peers are all symptoms of conduct disorder. Conduct disorder is a diagnosis given to children or adolescents who have a persistent pattern of behavior that violates the rights of others or goes against accepted norms of behavior. The symptoms of conduct disorder include aggression, destruction of property, deceitfulness, theft, and violation of rules. Antisocial personality disorder and sociopathic personality disorder are both related to conduct disorder but are typically diagnosed in adults. Oppositional-defiant disorder is another diagnosis given to children or adolescents who have a persistent pattern of negative, defiant, disobedient, and hostile behavior toward authority figures. While some of Jake's behavior might be characterized as oppositional-defiant, his conduct is significant enough to warrant a diagnosis of conduct disorder.

Question 16

Which of the following individuals has the highest risk of taking drugs by age 12?
A)Erica,age 9,whose parents insist that she attend Sunday School each week.
B)Jesse,age 11,who is an honor roll student in grade 6.
C)Pauline,who is rejected by most of her peers at school.
D)Maura,whose parents monitor her very closely.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that children who feel rejected by peers at school are at a higher risk for drug use. Age and parent monitoring are also factors, but in this scenario, Pauline's rejection by peers is the strongest risk factor.

Question 17

Belinda is a registered nurse who is employed at the Nurse Family Partnership.Which of the following activities would Brenda do as part of her daily work?
A)provide immunizations to children under age six
B)provide in-home support and training for adolescent mothers and their children up to age two
C)provide family therapy at an outpatient mental health clinic for families of special-needs children
D)All of these choices are correct

Accepted Answer

Belinda works at the Nurse Family Partnership, which provides in-home support and training for adolescent mothers and their children up to age two. Providing immunizations would be the responsibility of a pediatric nurse or a nurse who works in a primary care setting. Providing family therapy at an outpatient mental health clinic would be the responsibility of a mental health nurse or a therapist.

Question 18

Which of the following adolescents is MOST at risk for delinquency?
A)Ricardo,a Latino adolescent whose parents closely monitor his friends and activities.
B)Brendan,a non Latino White adolescent who has a high degree of sibling conflict.
C)Sara,an Asian American adolescent who feels liked by her peers at school.
D)Henry,an African American adolescent who spends his time with a deviant peer group.

Accepted Answer

Henry, an African American adolescent who spends his time with a deviant peer group, is the most at risk for delinquency as peer influence is a strong predictor of delinquent behavior in adolescents. Additionally, research has shown that minority adolescents who associate with deviant peer groups are more likely to engage in delinquent behaviors compared to their non-minority counterparts. The other options, Ricardo, Brendan, and Sara, do not have significant risk factors that would suggest a high risk of delinquency.

Question 19

Al,age 16,has just been convicted of robbery.Because of his age,this offense would be labeled as
A)a misdemeanor.
B)a conduct offense.
C)an index offense.
D)a status offense.

Accepted Answer

An index offense includes serious crimes such as robbery, regardless of the age of the offender. These are categorized separately from less serious crimes (misdemeanors) and status offenses, which are only considered offenses because of the age of the individual (e.g., truancy).

Question 20

Erik Erikson viewed delinquency as an attempt to
A)get attention.
B)establish an identity.
C)rebel against strict parents.
D)establish independence and autonomy.

Accepted Answer

Erikson believed that delinquency was often a result of an adolescent's struggle to establish a sense of identity. This could manifest as rebellion, but the ultimate goal was to establish a clear sense of self.

Quiz 13: Problems in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood

Tyler,age 13,has brought alcohol to school on two occasions and has run away from home twice.Tyler's acts are

Which of the following adolescents is MOST at risk for depression?

Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for the diagnosis of conduct disorder?

Which of the following statements regarding juvenile delinquency is NOT true?

Ira is experiencing impotence,premature baldness,enlargement of the prostate gland,and pain upon urination.What class of drugs is Ira most likely using?

Faye,age 17,has no appetite,no energy,and no interest in any of the activities that used to give her pleasure.In addition,she feels worthless and has problems concentrating and making any decisions.Faye has had these symptoms for a month.Faye is probably suffering from

Criminal acts,whether committed by a juvenile or an adult,are known as

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of major depression?

Early alcohol use

Which of the following emerging adults is LEAST likely to drink heavily?

The most successful prevention program for adolescent delinquency

Which of the following statements about inhalants is TRUE?

Stephanie is using a drug that has caused her to have severe mood swings,paranoid jealousy,and uncontrollable bursts of anger.What class of drugs is Stephanie most likely using?

Females have more depressive symptoms than males do,for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

Jake,age 14,has a long history of setting small fires,torturing kittens,skipping school,and fighting with his peers.His parents have sought counseling for him,as they cannot control him and fear that his behavior is getting worse.Jake meets the criteria for a diagnosis of

Which of the following individuals has the highest risk of taking drugs by age 12?

Belinda is a registered nurse who is employed at the Nurse Family Partnership.Which of the following activities would Brenda do as part of her daily work?

Which of the following adolescents is MOST at risk for delinquency?

Al,age 16,has just been convicted of robbery.Because of his age,this offense would be labeled as

Erik Erikson viewed delinquency as an attempt to