Question 1

The primary product of a RBI effort should be
A) An inspection plan for each equipment item evaluated
B) Mitigation plan for each equipment item evaluated
C) Residual risk assessment plan for each equipment item evaluated

Accepted Answer

The primary product of a Risk-Based Inspection (RBI) effort is an inspection plan for each equipment item evaluated, which helps prioritize inspection resources based on risk.

Question 2

Is a risk management activity that may lead to risk reduction?
A) Inspection
B) Evaluation
C) Analysis

Accepted Answer

Inspection is a risk management activity that involves identifying potential hazards or risks and taking steps to eliminate or reduce them. By identifying risks before they become problems and taking steps to address them, inspection can help to reduce the likelihood of accidents, injuries, or other losses. Evaluation and analysis are also important risk management activities, but may not necessarily lead to risk reduction in the same way that inspection can.

Question 3

Potential hazards identified in a PHA will often affect the
A) Probability of failure side of the risk equation.
B) Consequence of failure side of the equation

Accepted Answer

Potential hazards identified in a PHA can affect the probability of failure side of the risk equation by increasing the likelihood of a failure occurring.

Question 4

Some failures have potentially serious consequences, but if the probability of the incident is low, then
A) The risk may not warrant immediate action
B) The risk may warrant immediate action
C) The risk may warrant appropriate mitigation action

Accepted Answer

If the probability of the incident is low, then the risk may not warrant immediate action. It is important to assess and mitigate all risks, but resources should be allocated to those with the highest likelihood and impact.

Question 5

Following are the non-inspection mitigation actions except one
A) Replacement or upgrade
B) Equipment redesign
C) Maintenance of strict controls on operating conditions
D) Risk management by monitoring the deterioration

Accepted Answer

The non-inspection mitigation actions listed are all options to prevent or mitigate the effects of corrosion without performing inspections. Of the choices given, only D (risk management by monitoring the deterioration) is not a specific action that can be taken to prevent corrosion. Rather, it is a general approach to manage the risks associated with corrosion by closely monitoring equipment and structures for signs of deterioration.

Question 6

A RBI analysis shares many of the techniques and data requirements with a ____________.
A) QRA
B) PHA
C) HAZOP
D) Event tree

Accepted Answer

RBI (Risk-based inspection) and QRA (Quantitative risk analysis) both require statistical techniques, probability analysis, and consequence modeling to evaluate risk. Both also involve identifying and analyzing potential hazards, and developing risk reduction strategies. PHA (Process hazard analysis) and HAZOP (Hazard and operability study) are more focused on identifying and mitigating specific process hazards, while event tree analysis is a method for analyzing the sequence and consequences of particular events.

Question 7

Hazard identification in a RBI analysis generally focuses on identifiable failure mechanisms in the equipment (inspectable causes) but does not explicitly deal with
A) Other potential failure scenarios resulting from events such as power S failures or human errors
B) Other potential failure resulting from events such as flammable fire due to leak from equipment
C) Environmental impact caused due to toxic release

Accepted Answer

The RBI analysis typically focuses on inspectable causes of equipment failure mechanisms, but other potential failure scenarios resulting from events such as power failures or human errors are often not explicitly dealt with.

Question 8

Following are some of the recognized risks which cannot be managed by inspection alone except one
A) Equipment nearing retirement
B) Failure mechanisms (such as brittle fracture, fatigue) where avoidance of failure primarily depends on operating within a defined pressure/temperature envelope
C) Consequence-dominated risks
D) The suitability and current condition of the equipment within the current operating envelope will determine the probability of failure (POF) of the equipment from one or more deterioration mechanisms

Accepted Answer

The suitability and current condition of the equipment within the current operating envelope will determine the probability of failure (POF) of the equipment from one or more deterioration mechanisms. This risk cannot be managed by inspection alone because it requires an understanding of the equipment's design, operating conditions, and maintenance history.

Question 9

Risk presented in quantitative risk analysis as a
A) Precise numeric value
B) Form of risk matrix
C) Form of event tree and fault tree

Accepted Answer

Quantitative risk analysis aims to provide a precise numeric value of the risk, typically in the form of probabilities or expected losses. This allows for a more objective and accurate assessment of the risk, as opposed to subjective assessments based on qualitative analysis or risk matrices. Event trees and fault trees are often used in conjunction with quantitative analysis, but they do not provide a precise numeric value of the risk on their own.

Question 10

Probability of failure is normally expressed
A) Just as details
B) Mentioned in frequency
C) Cannot be measured

Accepted Answer

Probability of failure is typically expressed as a frequency, such as the likelihood of failure occurring within a specific time period. It can be measured and quantified using statistical methods. Option A is not correct as probability of failure cannot be expressed as just details. Option C is not correct as probability of failure can be measured.

Question 11

Method used for consequence analysis should demonstrate the ability to provide
A) Just an analysis
B) No output is required
C) The required level of discrimination between higher and lower consequence equipment items.

Accepted Answer

The method used for consequence analysis should be able to differentiate between higher and lower consequence equipment items. Therefore, the best choice is C, which states that the required level of discrimination between higher and lower consequence equipment items should be provided. A is not the best choice as it suggests that just an analysis is enough without focusing on discrimination between equipment items. B is not a valid option as no output is required which will not help in identifying the higher and lower consequence equipment items.

Question 12

Risk presented in qualitative risk analysis as
A) Precise numeric value
B) Form of risk matrix
C) Form of event tree and fault tree

Accepted Answer

Qualitative risk analysis typically presents risk information in the form of a risk matrix, which categorizes risks based on their likelihood and potential impact. It does not give precise numeric values or use event tree and fault tree analysis, which are more commonly associated with quantitative risk analysis.

Question 13

Results from quantitative analysis logic models are validated by
A) Expert judgment
B) Inspection engineer
C) Maintenance engineer
D) Operations personnel

Accepted Answer

Results from quantitative analysis logic models are often validated by expert judgment, which involves knowledgeable individuals reviewing and verifying the analysis results to ensure that they are accurate and reliable. Although inspection engineers, maintenance engineers, and operations personnel may have important insights into the analysis, their expertise is not typically the primary means of validating the results.

Question 14

____________deals with total risk than with risk involve only with the equipment.
A) QRA
B) RBI
C) PHA
D) FTA

Accepted Answer

QRA (Quantitative Risk Assessment) deals with total risk, including risk factors involving equipment as well as human factors, environmental factors, and any other factors that may contribute to the overall risk of a process or facility. RBI (Risk-Based Inspection), PHA (Process Hazard Analysis), and FTA (Fault Tree Analysis) may include risk assessment of equipment, but do not necessarily consider all other factors that could have an impact on overall risk.

Question 15

______________ refers to a prescriptive methodology that has resulted from the application of risk analysis techniques at many different types of facilities -
A) Quantitative risk assessment (QRA)
B) Qualitative risk assessment
C) Semi quantitative risk assessment

Accepted Answer

Quantitative risk assessment (QRA) is a prescriptive methodology that has resulted from the application of risk analysis techniques at many different types of facilities. QRA involves quantifying the risks associated with the hazards that may be present in a facility or process, using mathematical models and input from experts in the field. This information can be used to make informed decisions about risk management and mitigation strategies. Qualitative risk assessment and semi-quantitative risk assessment are related techniques, but they do not involve the same level of mathematical modeling and precision as QRA.

Question 16

The suitability and current condition of the equipment within the current operating envelope will determine the ______________ of the equipment from one or more deterioration mechanisms.
A) Probability of failure (pot)
B) Consequence of failure
C) Total risk
D) Relative risk

Accepted Answer

The probability of failure (POT) is determined by the suitability and current condition of the equipment within the current operating envelope, and this will also determine the likelihood or probability of the equipment experiencing one or more deterioration mechanisms. The consequence of failure, total risk, and relative risk are also important factors to consider, but they are not directly determined by the equipment's current condition and operating envelope.

Question 17

If the probability and consequence combination (risk) is high enough to be unacceptable, then
A) A mitigation action to predict or prevent the event is recommended.
B) A mitigation action to predict or prevent the event is not recommended
C) Warrant to analyze risks involved

Accepted Answer

If the risk is high enough to be unacceptable, it is necessary to take a mitigation action to predict or prevent the event. This will help to reduce the probability and consequence of the risk, and ensure an acceptable level of risk. Therefore, option A is the best choice. Option B is incorrect as it is opposite to what needs to be done and option C is not specific enough as it does not indicate what needs to be analyzed.

Question 18

Probability of failure analysis is made from
A) Loss of containment that occurs due to deterioration mechanism
B) Consequences of the failure
C) Done just with previous experience
D) All the above

Accepted Answer

Probability of failure analysis is primarily concerned with the likelihood of failure, which is often due to deterioration mechanisms like corrosion or wear, rather than consequences or solely past experiences.

Question 19

In the event of a leak the potential failure of an isolation valve could
A) Increase the inventory
B) Decrease the inventory
C) No harm to inventory

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the event of a leak the...

Question 20

If a QRA has been prepared for a process unit, the analysis can borrow extensively from this effort.
A) RBI consequence
B) RBI likelihood
C) RBI probability

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a QRA has been prepared for...

Exam 2: Risk Based Inspection

The primary product of a RBI effort should be

Is a risk management activity that may lead to risk reduction?

Potential hazards identified in a PHA will often affect the

Some failures have potentially serious consequences, but if the probability of the incident is low, then

Following are the non-inspection mitigation actions except one

A RBI analysis shares many of the techniques and data requirements with a ____________.

Hazard identification in a RBI analysis generally focuses on identifiable failure mechanisms in the equipment (inspectable causes) but does not explicitly deal with

Following are some of the recognized risks which cannot be managed by inspection alone except one

Risk presented in quantitative risk analysis as a

Probability of failure is normally expressed

Method used for consequence analysis should demonstrate the ability to provide

Risk presented in qualitative risk analysis as

Results from quantitative analysis logic models are validated by

____________deals with total risk than with risk involve only with the equipment.

______________ refers to a prescriptive methodology that has resulted from the application of risk analysis techniques at many different types of facilities -

The suitability and current condition of the equipment within the current operating envelope will determine the ______________ of the equipment from one or more deterioration mechanisms.

If the probability and consequence combination (risk) is high enough to be unacceptable, then

Probability of failure analysis is made from

In the event of a leak the potential failure of an isolation valve could

If a QRA has been prepared for a process unit, the analysis can borrow extensively from this effort.