Question 1

Which of the following is true when two people of different weights (80 and 70 kg) are exercising at 5 mph 5% grade on a treadmill?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is true when...

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a major food fuel during exercise?

Accepted Answer

While protein can provide some energy during exercise, it is not a major food fuel source. Glucose, fatty acids, and glycogen are the primary sources of fuel during exercise.

Question 3

Which of the following bones articulates proximally with the sternal manubrium and distally with the scapula and is helpful to palpate in electrode placement?

Accepted Answer

The clavicle articulates proximally with the sternal manubrium and distally with the scapula. It is often used as a landmark for electrode placement in electrocardiograms or other medical procedures.

Question 4

Which of the following would provide the SMALLEST potential energy source in the body?

Accepted Answer

ATP provides the smallest potential energy source because it is the immediate energy currency of the cell and is present in limited amounts compared to other energy stores like fat and protein.

Question 5

Which of the following is characteristic of running versus walking?

Accepted Answer

The period of nonsupport (both feet off the ground) is characteristic of running, whereas walking always has one foot in contact with the ground (period of double-support). Less vigorous arm action and decreased stride length may occur in certain situations, but they are not definitive characteristics of running versus walking.

Question 6

Which of the following will increase stability?

Accepted Answer

Lowering the center of gravity will increase stability because it creates a wider base of support and makes it harder for the object to topple over.

Question 7

Who first described that a body immersed in fluid is buoyed up with a force equal to the weight of the displaced fluid?

Accepted Answer

Archimedes was the first to describe the principle of buoyancy, also known as Archimedes' principle. He discovered that a body immersed in fluid experiences an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces.

Question 8

In second-class lever __________.

Accepted Answer

In a second-class lever, the resistance is located between the effort force and the axis. This means that the load being lifted is situated closer to the axis while the effort force is farther away, resulting in a greater mechanical advantage.

Question 9

Pain caused by low back muscle guarding and spasm in the absence of signs of disk herniation is often treated with muscle stretching. Which of the following is helpful stretching activities for the low back?

Accepted Answer

All of the above options (knee to chest, double-knee to chest, and lower trunk rotation) are helpful stretches for the low back. Knee to chest stretches can help alleviate tension in the lower back and improve flexibility. Double-knee to chest stretches are similar but provide a deeper stretch. Lower trunk rotation stretches can also help with low back muscle tightness and increase mobility in the lumbar spine.

Question 10

The rear-foot motion called pronation results from a combination of __________.

Accepted Answer

Pronation involves abduction, eversion, and dorsiflexion of the foot, allowing it to adapt to different surfaces and absorb shock.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the "power position" used for lifting with proper body mechanics?

Accepted Answer

Shoulders slouched is not a characteristic of the power position used for lifting with proper body mechanics. The other options - back straight, body bent forward from the hips, and knees slightly bent - are characteristics of the power position.

Question 12

The intervertebral disks have which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Intervertebral disks have a gelatinous inner nucleus portion surrounded by fibrous rings. They do not have a calcified outer ring or gray matter surrounding neural cell bodies.

Question 13

When compared with leg exercise, arm exercise results in a relatively __________.

Accepted Answer

Arm exercises typically result in a higher heart rate (HR) at all intensities compared to leg exercises due to the smaller muscle mass involved, which requires the heart to pump more frequently to meet the oxygen demands.

Question 14

Slapping of the foot during heel strike and increased knee and hip flexion during swing are characteristic of __________.

Accepted Answer

Slapping of the foot during heel strike and increased knee and hip flexion during swing are characteristic of weakness in the dorsiflexors, which results in decreased control of the foot and ankle during heel strike and decreased ankle dorsiflexion during the swing phase of gait.

Question 15

Before and after 10 weeks of endurance training, an individual performs a submaximal exercise test at a constant work rate. Which of the following changes would most likely occur as a result of the endurance training?

Accepted Answer

Endurance training typically results in lower blood lactate levels during submaximal exercise due to improved efficiency in energy production and utilization, leading to less reliance on anaerobic metabolism.

Question 16

The chemical energy that is directly converted to do work is __________.

Accepted Answer

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the molecule that directly provides energy for cellular processes and is therefore directly converted into work. While creatine phosphate and fatty acid oxidation can contribute to ATP production, they do not directly provide energy for cellular processes.

Question 17

Angular motion occurs when __________.

Accepted Answer

Angular motion occurs when a force is applied off-center to a freely-moveable object. This results in the object rotating around a central axis. Choice B is incorrect because angular motion involves rotational movement, not linear movement. Choice C is incorrect because angular motion is not limited to a linear path.

Question 18

During exercise of increasing intensity, the SV of normal adults __________.

Accepted Answer

During submaximal exercise of greater than approximately 50% of V02 max, the stroke volume of normal adults remains relatively stable. It may even decrease slightly due to increased heart rate and decreased filling time, but the overall effect is relatively stable SV. Option A is incorrect because SV plateaus or may decrease with more intense exercise beyond a certain point. Option C is incorrect because stroke volume does not continue to increase beyond a certain point and then levels off, but rather plateaus or can even decrease with further increases in exercise intensity. Option D is incorrect because option B is correct.

Question 19

Which type of musculoskeletal lever is most common?

Accepted Answer

Third-class levers are the most common type of musculoskeletal lever in the human body. This is because they are the most efficient for creating movement, which is important for actions such as throwing a ball or walking. Third-class levers have the effort (force) located between the fulcrum (joint) and the resistance (load), which allows for greater speed and range of motion, but at the cost of decreased force.

Question 20

Low back pain occurs most commonly in the lumbar region, because __________.

Accepted Answer

The lumbar region is susceptible to low back pain due to a combination of factors, including the relative immobility of the lumbar vertebrae, the high pressure placed on the lumbar disks, and the fact that the lumbar vertebrae support much of the body weight. Therefore, all three choices (A, B, and C) are correct.

Exam 2: ACSM Registered Clinical Exercise Physiologist