Question 1

A key distinction between SAN devices and NAS servers is the type of storage access requests that are serviced.

Accepted Answer

SAN devices primarily service block-level access requests, while NAS servers primarily service file-level access requests.

Question 2

Storing parity data reduces a disk array's usable capacity.

Accepted Answer

Storing parity data requires additional space, therefore reducing the amount of usable capacity in a disk array.

Question 3

A graph folder structure is less flexible than a hierarchical folder structure.

Accepted Answer

A graph folder structure allows for more complex relationships between items, as it can represent multiple parent-child relationships and cross-linkages, unlike a hierarchical structure which restricts an item to a single parent, making it less flexible.

Question 4

On larger computers such as servers, a volume can span multiple physical secondary storage devices.

Accepted Answer

This is true. A volume on a server can span across multiple physical secondary storage devices, allowing for larger storage capacity and better data management.

Question 5

A laptop computer with Windows but no installed apps supports over a dozen file types.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A laptop computer with Windows but no...

Question 6

Access controls are enforced automatically in FMS service routines that access and manipulate files and directories.

Accepted Answer

This is true. Access controls are automatically enforced in FMS service routines that access and manipulate files and directories. This helps ensure the security and integrity of data stored in the system.

Question 7

Low blocking factors, with larger logical records, require fewer buffers to achieve substantial performance improvements.

Accepted Answer

Low blocking factors mean that fewer logical records are grouped together in a single physical block, which typically requires more buffers to manage the increased number of physical blocks, not fewer, to achieve performance improvements.

Question 8

Users and applications view secondary storage logically as a collection of files organized in folders and storage volumes.

Accepted Answer

Secondary storage is typically presented to users and applications as a hierarchy of files and folders, which are stored on storage volumes such as hard drives or network attached storage devices. This logical representation allows users to organize and access their data in a way that makes sense to them, while the underlying physical storage is managed by the operating system and file system software.

Question 9

The storage server in a SAN is a complete general-purpose computer.

Accepted Answer

The storage server in a SAN is typically a specialized device designed specifically for storage operations, and may not have the same level of general-purpose computing capabilities as a typical computer.

Question 10

A typical laptop computer has up to a few hundred storage volumes.

Accepted Answer

A typical laptop computer has a few storage volumes (typically one main hard drive and potentially an additional solid state drive or external storage device) but not up to a few hundred.

Question 11

Most FMSs include direct support for only a few file types but enable additional types to be defined and associated with installed apps.

Accepted Answer

Most FMSs do have direct support for only a few file types but allow users to define additional types and associate them with installed applications.

Question 12

Allocation units can be smaller than the unit of data transfer.

Accepted Answer

Allocation units are typically equal to or larger than the unit of data transfer to ensure efficient data management and minimize fragmentation.

Question 13

If the logical record size is less than the physical record size, a single physical record might contain multiple logical records.

Accepted Answer

This is because physical records are made up of bytes and can accommodate more than one logical record if the logical record is smaller in size.

Question 14

The logical view of secondary storage consists of files contained within folders and storage volumes.

Accepted Answer

The logical view of secondary storage does indeed consist of files being organized within folders, which may then be contained within storage volumes.

Question 15

DAS is inexpensive and efficient for organizations with dozens or hundreds of servers and terabytes of shared data.

Accepted Answer

DAS (Direct Attached Storage) is not considered efficient for organizations with dozens or hundreds of servers and terabytes of shared data due to its lack of scalability and the complexity of managing data across many servers. Networked storage solutions like SAN (Storage Area Network) or NAS (Network Attached Storage) are typically more efficient for such environments.

Question 16

In most FMSs, files are immediately removed from secondary storage when they're deleted.

Accepted Answer

In most FMSs, files are not immediately removed from secondary storage when they're deleted. Instead, they are often marked as deleted and their space is made available for new files to be written over them. The actual removal of the file may occur later during periodic maintenance or cleanup processes.

Question 17

Disk mirroring provides a high degree of protection against data loss with no performance penalty if it's implemented in hardware.

Accepted Answer

Disk mirroring, when implemented in hardware, does not cause any performance penalty and provides a high degree of data protection. This is because the data is simultaneously written to two or more disks at the same time, ensuring that there is a backup in case of a disk failure.

Question 18

An FMS provides command-layer functions and utility programs for users and system administrators to manage files, directories, and secondary storage devices.

Accepted Answer

An FMS (File Management System) is designed to provide users and system administrators with tools and utilities to manage files, directories, and storage devices, including backup and restore functions, security and permissions management, and file search and retrieval capabilities. It operates at the command level, giving users access to a set of commands and options that can be used to perform various file management tasks. Examples of FMS include UNIX/Linux shell commands like cp, mv, ls, rm, chmod, and chown, as well as graphical file managers like Windows Explorer, GNOME Files, and macOS Finder.

Question 19

​The storage I/O control layer processes service calls from the command layer or application program and issues commands to the storage I/O control layer to interact with hardware.

Accepted Answer

The sentence describes the opposite relationship. The storage I/O control layer receives commands from the command layer or application program to interact with hardware.

Question 20

File migration moves files from cloud storage to local secondary storage devices as they become older and more out-of-date.

Accepted Answer

File migration typically refers to moving files between different storage systems or locations, which can include moving files from local storage to cloud storage, between cloud storage services, or from cloud storage back to local or secondary storage, not specifically for older and out-of-date files.

Quiz 12: File and Secondary Storage Management