Question 1

Which of the following statements is true of systematic desensitization?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization uses deep muscle relaxation techniques to help individuals gradually face and overcome their fears or anxieties.

Question 2

Which of the following strategies was used in Mary Cover Jones's experiment to eliminate the fear of rabbits in Peter, a two-year-old boy?

Accepted Answer

Mary Cover Jones used a method known as "counterconditioning" to eliminate Peter's fear of rabbits. This involved gradually moving the rabbit closer to Peter while simultaneously providing him with his favorite snack, cookies, to create a positive association with the rabbit.

Question 3

Wolpe proposed that the underlying process in counterconditioning is _____.

Accepted Answer

Wolpe proposed that the underlying process in counterconditioning is reciprocal inhibition, where one emotional or behavioral response is inhibited by the induction of another response that is incompatible with it.

Question 4

I cannot be both angry and happy at the same time, which means that a good joke can often defuse my anger about something. This is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of reciprocal inhibition, a concept where one emotional or behavioral response is inhibited because it is incompatible with another. In this case, happiness from a joke inhibits the feeling of anger.

Question 5

With the method of _____, there are no worries about whether the treatment effect will generalize to the real world.

Accepted Answer

In vivo desensitization involves exposing the patient to the actual anxiety-inducing stimuli rather than imagining them, which helps ensure that the treatment effects are directly applicable to real-world situations.

Question 6

A treatment method that involves prolonged exposure to a feared stimulus is _____.

Accepted Answer

Flooding is a psychological treatment method that involves exposing the patient to their feared object, situation, or activity for an extended period of time, without any attempt to escape. This is done to help the person face their fear and decrease their anxiety response over time.

Question 7

Systematic desensitization is most likely to be effective with a person who is afraid of _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Systematic desensitization is most likely to be...

Question 8

Tammy used to love horror movies. One night, while watching her favorite horror movie, she became unusually fearful. Since then, she has found that whenever she is feeling stressed at work, she has nightmares of being chased by dead people. Which of the following processes explains Tammy's behavior?

Accepted Answer

Selective sensitization explains Tammy's behavior. It refers to the process where people become more sensitive to certain stimuli due to their emotional state or stress levels. In Tammy's case, her stress at work makes her more susceptible to nightmares related to horror themes, indicating that her fear response has been selectively sensitized to these stimuli.

Question 9

The method of _____ involves pairing relaxation with a succession of stimuli that elicit increasing levels of fear.

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a behavioral therapy technique designed to reduce phobic responses and anxiety. It involves the gradual exposure to a feared stimulus or situation while practicing relaxation techniques, starting with stimuli that evoke the least fear and gradually moving to more fear-inducing stimuli.

Question 10

In the context of phobic development, selective sensitization differs from US revaluation in that the event which intensifies an individual's fear response is

Accepted Answer

Selective sensitization involves an increase in fear response due to exposure to a stressful event that is unrelated to the original fear conditioning, whereas US revaluation involves changes related to the original conditioning.

Question 11

Systematic desensitization involves pairing _____ with a succession of stimuli that elicit _____ levels of fear.

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization involves pairing relaxation techniques with a succession of stimuli that elicit increasing levels of fear, gradually desensitizing the individual to the feared object or situation.

Question 12

Dilbert has a mild fear of darkness. During exam days, he finds that he becomes particularly fearful of going out for walks at night. Dilbert's behavior is best described as an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

Selective sensitization explains how stress can make people more sensitive to certain fears, like Dilbert's increased fear of darkness during exams.

Question 13

In _____, a CS that elicits one type of response is associated with another event that elicits a(n) _____ response.

Accepted Answer

In counterconditioning, a conditioned stimulus (CS) that elicits one type of response is associated with another event or stimulus that elicits an incompatible response, aiming to change the subject's conditioned response.

Question 14

Which of the following processes leads to the aggravation of previously mild fears?

Accepted Answer

All of these processes can lead to the aggravation of previously mild fears. Incubation involves the growth of a fear response over time, even without further exposure to the feared stimulus. US revaluation involves changing the perceived intensity or significance of the unconditioned stimulus, which can increase fear. Selective sensitization refers to an increased response to a range of stimuli following exposure to a stressful event, which can exacerbate existing fears.

Question 15

Which of the following is a step in systematic desensitization?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization involves both the creation of a hierarchy of progressively more fearful imaginary scenes and training in deep muscle relaxation. These steps are used to gradually expose the individual to their fears while maintaining a state of relaxation, thereby reducing the fear response over time.

Question 16

A mild fear can grow into a major phobia as a result of _____.

Accepted Answer

Selective sensitization explains how a mild fear can escalate into a major phobia, as it involves becoming more sensitive to certain stimuli following a stressful or traumatic event.

Question 17

Wolpe's treatment of experimentally-induced phobias in cats was similar to Mary Cover Jones's treatment of Peter's fear of rabbits in that both used _____ to counter the fear response.

Accepted Answer

Both Wolpe and Mary Cover Jones used food as a means to counter the fear response in their subjects, employing a technique that would later be understood as part of systematic desensitization.

Question 18

Ned found that if he ate cookies while thinking about his recurrent nightmare, the frequency and severity of those nightmares decreased. Ned's behavior illustrates the principle of _____.

Accepted Answer

Ned's behavior illustrates reciprocal inhibition, a principle where a response incompatible with anxiety (such as the pleasure from eating cookies) is conditioned to occur in the presence of anxiety-provoking stimuli (thinking about his nightmare), thereby inhibiting the anxiety response.

Question 19

With in vivo desensitization, the phobic stimulus is presented

Accepted Answer

In vivo desensitization involves the presentation of the phobic stimulus in reality, but in a gradual manner, allowing the individual to face their fear in a controlled and manageable way.

Question 20

Which of the following strategies was used in Mary Cover Jones's experiment to eliminate the fear of rabbits in Peter, a two-year-old boy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following strategies was used...

Quiz 5: Classical Conditioning Underlying Processes in Classical Conditioning

Which of the following statements is true of systematic desensitization?

Which of the following strategies was used in Mary Cover Jones's experiment to eliminate the fear of rabbits in Peter, a two-year-old boy?

Wolpe proposed that the underlying process in counterconditioning is _____.

I cannot be both angry and happy at the same time, which means that a good joke can often defuse my anger about something. This is an example of _____.

With the method of _____, there are no worries about whether the treatment effect will generalize to the real world.

A treatment method that involves prolonged exposure to a feared stimulus is _____.

Systematic desensitization is most likely to be effective with a person who is afraid of _____.

Tammy used to love horror movies. One night, while watching her favorite horror movie, she became unusually fearful. Since then, she has found that whenever she is feeling stressed at work, she has nightmares of being chased by dead people. Which of the following processes explains Tammy's behavior?

The method of _____ involves pairing relaxation with a succession of stimuli that elicit increasing levels of fear.

In the context of phobic development, selective sensitization differs from US revaluation in that the event which intensifies an individual's fear response is

Systematic desensitization involves pairing _ with a succession of stimuli that elicit _ levels of fear.

Dilbert has a mild fear of darkness. During exam days, he finds that he becomes particularly fearful of going out for walks at night. Dilbert's behavior is best described as an example of _____.

In _, a CS that elicits one type of response is associated with another event that elicits a(n) _ response.

Which of the following processes leads to the aggravation of previously mild fears?

Which of the following is a step in systematic desensitization?

A mild fear can grow into a major phobia as a result of _____.

Wolpe's treatment of experimentally-induced phobias in cats was similar to Mary Cover Jones's treatment of Peter's fear of rabbits in that both used _____ to counter the fear response.

Ned found that if he ate cookies while thinking about his recurrent nightmare, the frequency and severity of those nightmares decreased. Ned's behavior illustrates the principle of _____.

With in vivo desensitization, the phobic stimulus is presented

Which of the following strategies was used in Mary Cover Jones's experiment to eliminate the fear of rabbits in Peter, a two-year-old boy?