Question 1

Dr. Darden is concerned about whether or not the final exam in his physics class accurately measures students' accumulated knowledge about core concepts from the course. It appears that Dr. Darden is MOST concerned with the ​
A)reliability of his final exam.
B)standardization of his final exam.
C)impact of confounding factors on his final exam.
D)validity of his final exam.

Accepted Answer

Validity refers to how well a test measures what it is purported to measure. Dr. Darden's concern about the exam accurately measuring students' knowledge of core concepts directly relates to the exam's validity.

Question 2

Family studies can indicate whether a trait runs in families, but they cannot provide conclusive evidence that a trait is influenced by heredity because ​
A)there are too many dependent variables in family studies.
B)random assignment is impossible in family studies.
C)there are no independent variables in family studies.
D)family members share not only genes but also similar environments.

Accepted Answer

Family studies can show that a trait appears in a family lineage, but they cannot definitively prove that the trait is genetic because family members also share similar environments, which can influence the presence of the trait.

Question 3

Which of the following statistical methods is used to determine the reliability of a test?
A)Means
B)Standard deviations
C)Percentiles
D)Correlation coefficients

Accepted Answer

Correlation coefficients are used to determine the reliability of a test by measuring the consistency of test scores across different administrations of the test or between different sets of items within the test.

Question 4

The correlation between IQ scores and vocational success is BEST described as ​
A)nonsignificant.
B)moderately negative.
C)moderately positive.
D)virtually nonexistent.

Accepted Answer

The correlation between IQ scores and vocational success is moderately positive, indicating that higher IQ scores are generally associated with greater vocational success, although the relationship is not perfect and other factors also play significant roles.

Question 5

Monica recently completed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and was told that her deviation IQ score fell at the 50th percentile. This means that ​
A)Monica's score falls below the average for the test.
B)Monica's IQ score would be 100.
C)Monica's IQ score would also be 50.
D)Monica answered half the questions on the exam incorrectly.

Accepted Answer

Monica's score at the 50th percentile indicates she scored better than or equal to 50% of the population, which aligns with the average IQ score of 100 on the Wechsler scale. Percentiles do not indicate the percentage of questions answered correctly or the numerical value of the IQ score directly, but rather the relative position among the population.

Question 6

Reliability refers to the _____ of a measuring device such as a test.
A)consistency
B)predictability
C)accuracy of inference
D)representativeness

Accepted Answer

Reliability in the context of a measuring device or test refers to its consistency, meaning the extent to which it produces stable and consistent results over time.

Question 7

Acceptable reliability _____ fall between +.70 to +1.00.
A)correlation coefficients
B)standard deviations
C)percentile scores
D)deviation IQ scores

Accepted Answer

Reliability in the context of psychometrics and measurement often refers to the consistency of a test or measurement tool. Correlation coefficients are used to indicate the reliability of a test, with values ranging from -1 to +1. A correlation coefficient between +.70 and +1.00 is generally considered acceptable for reliability, indicating a strong positive relationship between test administrations or items.

Question 8

Correlations between students' IQ scores and their school grades suggest that IQ tests ​
A)are not a reliable method to predict school performance.
B)are a reasonably reliable method to predict school performance.
C)are not a valid method to predict school performance.
D)are a reasonably valid method to predict school performance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Correlations between students' IQ scores and their...

Question 9

In comparison to most other types of psychological tests, IQ tests tend to be ​
A)low in reliability.
B)similar in terms of reliability.
C)exceptionally reliable.
D)reliable for children, but unreliable for adults.

Accepted Answer

IQ tests are known for their high reliability, meaning that they tend to produce consistent results over time when administered to the same individuals under similar conditions.

Question 10

In which of the following cases is the correlation between IQ scores the LOWEST?
A)Identical twins reared apart ​
B)Non-twin siblings reared apart
C)Fraternal twins reared together
D)Adoptive siblings reared together

Accepted Answer

Adoptive siblings reared together share no genetic material but share their environment. The correlation of IQ scores among adoptive siblings is generally lower than that among biological siblings or twins, regardless of whether they are reared together or apart, because IQ has a significant genetic component.

Question 11

In which of the following countries are IQ tests LEAST likely to be used? ​
A)China
B)Britain
C)France
D)Australia

Accepted Answer

China has historically shown a preference for other forms of academic and aptitude testing, such as the Gaokao, over Western-style IQ tests for educational and professional assessments.

Question 12

Which of the following statements BEST characterizes the current view regarding the use of tests to predict vocational success? ​
A)It is illegal to use mental ability tests to evaluate prospective employees. ​
B)Employers can use any test of mental ability with prospective employees as long as the test has been shown to be reliable.
C)Only tests designed to measure social or practical intelligence are permissible.
D)There is controversy over the use of IQ tests in hiring employees.

Accepted Answer

The current view on the use of tests, particularly IQ tests, for predicting vocational success is characterized by controversy. This controversy stems from concerns about fairness, cultural bias, and the relevance of such tests to job performance. While mental ability tests can be predictive of job performance, their use in hiring processes is often debated due to potential issues of discrimination and the validity of these tests in predicting job success across different roles and industries.

Question 13

A person who believes IQ tests are designed to predict _____ would be MOST likely to think that IQ tests have validity.
A)future job performance
B)creativity
C)school performance
D)social intelligence

Accepted Answer

IQ tests are primarily designed to predict academic or school performance, so someone who believes this would likely think the tests are valid.

Question 14

Which of the following individuals would you predict would be MOST likely to have a high-status occupation, such as being a doctor or lawyer?
A)Nick, who has an IQ of 90
B)Nate, who has an IQ of 105
C)Phil, who has an IQ of 115
D)Ben, who has an IQ of 135

Accepted Answer

Ben, with an IQ of 135, would most likely have a high-status occupation like a doctor or lawyer. Higher IQ scores are often correlated with greater academic and occupational achievement, making Ben the most probable candidate for such positions.

Question 15

Coleman is 30 years old. When he was 15 years old, he took an intelligence test and was told that his IQ score was 110. If Coleman retakes the intelligence test now, he would likely discover that his current IQ score ​
A)is close to 220, double his previous score.
B)is close to 55, one half his previous score.
C)is similar to his previous score of 110.
D)has little relation to his early score because IQ scores tend to lack reliability.

Accepted Answer

IQ scores are designed to be stable over time, so an individual's score is expected to remain relatively consistent throughout their life, barring any significant neurological changes or measurement errors.

Question 16

In which of the following non-Western countries are IQ tests MOST likely to be used? ​
A)China
B)India
C)Japan
D)Malaysia

Accepted Answer

The answer of In which of the following non-Western countries...

Question 17

If a psychological test measures what it was designed to measure, the test has _____. If it also shows measurement consistency, it has _____.
A)standardization; reliability
B)validity; standardization
C)validity; reliability
D)reliability; validity

Accepted Answer

A psychological test that measures what it was designed to measure demonstrates validity. If it also shows measurement consistency, it has reliability.

Question 18

If a psychological test measures what it was designed to measure, the test has ​
A)accuracy.
B)validity.
C)reliability.
D)generalizability.

Accepted Answer

Validity refers to the extent to which a test measures what it claims to measure.

Question 19

If a test yields nearly identical scores when it is retaken after a two-month interval, the test is said to be ​
A)valid.
B)reliable.
C)significant.
D)standardized

Accepted Answer

This describes the concept of test-retest reliability, which is a measure of consistency over time. If a test yields nearly identical scores upon retesting, it is considered reliable.

Question 20

Correlations measuring the reliability of IQ tests generally are in the range of
A)+.80s.
B)+.90s.
C)-.80s.
D)-.90s.

Accepted Answer

IQ tests typically have high reliability, often with correlation coefficients in the +.90s, indicating consistent results over time.

Quiz 8: Cognition and Intelligence

Dr. Darden is concerned about whether or not the final exam in his physics class accurately measures students' accumulated knowledge about core concepts from the course. It appears that Dr. Darden is MOST concerned with the

Family studies can indicate whether a trait runs in families, but they cannot provide conclusive evidence that a trait is influenced by heredity because

Which of the following statistical methods is used to determine the reliability of a test?

The correlation between IQ scores and vocational success is BEST described as

Monica recently completed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and was told that her deviation IQ score fell at the 50th percentile. This means that

Reliability refers to the _____ of a measuring device such as a test.

Acceptable reliability _____ fall between +.70 to +1.00.

Correlations between students' IQ scores and their school grades suggest that IQ tests

In comparison to most other types of psychological tests, IQ tests tend to be

In which of the following cases is the correlation between IQ scores the LOWEST?

In which of the following countries are IQ tests LEAST likely to be used?

Which of the following statements BEST characterizes the current view regarding the use of tests to predict vocational success?

A person who believes IQ tests are designed to predict _____ would be MOST likely to think that IQ tests have validity.

Which of the following individuals would you predict would be MOST likely to have a high-status occupation, such as being a doctor or lawyer?

Coleman is 30 years old. When he was 15 years old, he took an intelligence test and was told that his IQ score was 110. If Coleman retakes the intelligence test now, he would likely discover that his current IQ score

In which of the following non-Western countries are IQ tests MOST likely to be used?

If a psychological test measures what it was designed to measure, the test has _. If it also shows measurement consistency, it has _.

If a psychological test measures what it was designed to measure, the test has

If a test yields nearly identical scores when it is retaken after a two-month interval, the test is said to be

Correlations measuring the reliability of IQ tests generally are in the range of

Quiz 8: Cognition and Intelligence

Dr. Darden is concerned about whether or not the final exam in his physics class accurately measures students' accumulated knowledge about core concepts from the course. It appears that Dr. Darden is MOST concerned with the ​

Family studies can indicate whether a trait runs in families, but they cannot provide conclusive evidence that a trait is influenced by heredity because ​

Which of the following statistical methods is used to determine the reliability of a test?

The correlation between IQ scores and vocational success is BEST described as ​

Monica recently completed the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and was told that her deviation IQ score fell at the 50th percentile. This means that ​

Reliability refers to the _____ of a measuring device such as a test.

Acceptable reliability _____ fall between +.70 to +1.00.

Correlations between students' IQ scores and their school grades suggest that IQ tests ​

In comparison to most other types of psychological tests, IQ tests tend to be ​