Question 1

Memories currently stored in memory that can be retrieved when necessary are both available and __________.

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Question 2

Iconic and echoic memories are part of the stage of memory known as __________ memory.

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Question 3

On a test that measures her attention and short-term memory, Tanya is asked to correctly repeat seven digits. This test is called the ___________ test.

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Question 4

To help police detectives, R. Edward Geiselman and Ron Fisher created a technique to improve the memory of eyewitnesses that involves the witnesses revisiting the crime scene in their imaginations or in person. This technique is called the __________.

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Question 5

Units of information in long-term memory are organized in a complex system of associations, according to the __________ model of memory.

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Question 6

Memories that can be fully expressed only as actions (or "know-how")and represent the most basic "automatic" elements of conditioning, learning, and memory are called __________ memories.

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Question 7

Remembering what you had for lunch yesterday and the family reunion last weekend are examples of a type of declarative memory known as __________ memory.

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Question 8

In his graduation speech, Darian did well at the beginning and the end of the speech but faltered in remembering the information he wanted to express during the middle section of his speech, which illustrates the __________ effect.

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Question 9

You memorize the definitions in this chapter and learn them completely after one hour of study. Two years later, you relearn them in 45 minutes. This difference of 15 minutes (or 25 percent retention)would be considered your __________ score.

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Question 10

Because hyphens divide the numbers on your social security card into three segments, it is easier for you to remember this nine-digit number, which illustrates the process known as __________.

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Question 11

Regarding the methods of measuring memory, multiple choice and matching questions on a test would measure the information you have learned in class through ___________.

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Question 12

Brett was an eye witness to a crime, but he misidentifies the suspect in court because he saw the suspect's picture in the newspaper and not at the crime scene. This type of error occurs due to elaborative processing causing the origins of a memory to be misremembered, a situation referred to as __________ confusion.

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Question 13

Working memory, which is used for thinking and problem-solving, involves the combination of various mental processes with the stage of memory known as __________ memory.

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Question 14

The fact that people can often tell beforehand if they are likely to remember something is called the __________.

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Question 15

When Gina looks at an old photograph of her high school graduating class, a flood of memories comes rushing back with Gina finding herself going from one memory to the next. According to memory research, this process Gina is experiencing is referred to as __________.

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Question 16

The feeling that a memory is available but not quite retrievable is known as the ___________ state.

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Question 17

Elizabeth Loftus and John Palmer showed people a filmed automobile accident. Afterward, some participants were asked to estimate how fast the cars were going when they "smashed" into one another. For others the words "bumped," "contacted," or "hit" replaced "smashed." One week later, each person was asked, "Did you see any broken glass?" Those asked earlier about the cars that "smashed" into one another were more likely to say yes, even though no broken glass was shown in the film. The new information ("smashed")was incorporated into the original memories, elaborating them and producing a(n)__________ memory.

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Question 18

Ebbinghaus plotted a graph that showed the amount of information remembered after varying lengths of time with this graph being called the ___________.

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Question 19

To keep a phone number active in his mind while looking at his cell phone and dialing it, Greg repeats the number to himself, which illustrates the process of __________ rehearsal.

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Question 20

A memory that a person is aware of having and that can be consciously retrieved is a(n)__________ memory.

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Quiz 7: Memory