Question 1

Assigning males the value of zero and females the value of one in a database to record the gender of the respondents is an example of:
A) coding.
B) test tabulation.
C) editing.
D) verification.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of coding, which involves converting data into symbols or categories for easier analysis. By assigning the value of zero to males and one to females, the data can be easily sorted and analyzed based on gender.

Question 2

Which of the following is not a purpose of field editing of data?
A) To check the legibility of handwriting
B) To clarify responses that are logically inconsistent
C) To discover questions that have not been answered
D) To replace missing data with extraneous values

Accepted Answer

Field editing is used to improve the accuracy and completeness of data by identifying and correcting errors, inconsistencies, and missing information. It does not involve replacing missing data with extraneous values, which would only introduce more errors and inaccuracies. Instead, missing data should be either collected or imputed using appropriate methods. A, B, and C are all valid purposes of field editing.

Question 3

The assignment of numbers to edited data is known as:
A) editing.
B) recording.
C) coding.
D) recoding.

Accepted Answer

The assignment of numbers to edited data is known as coding.

Question 4

Which of the following cannot be identified from the code book?
A) Code name
B) Variable description
C) Missing value
D) Field

Accepted Answer

Missing value is not included in the code book.

Question 5

Constant comparison refers to the process where the researcher compares the coding scheme from the qualitative analysis to relevant secondary data to look for consistencies.

Accepted Answer

Constant comparison is a method used in qualitative research where data is continuously compared with emerging categories and concepts to refine and develop theories, not specifically to compare with secondary data.

Question 6

The role of data editing is to address issues relating to all of the following, except:
A) data completeness.
B) data consistency.
C) data omissions.
D) data classification.

Accepted Answer

Data editing is the process of detecting and correcting errors and inconsistencies in data. Its role is to address issues relating to data completeness, consistency, and omissions. However, data classification is not necessarily a concern for data editing, as it primarily involves organizing data into categories or groups.

Question 7

If qualitative research is done well, for the purpose of a business decision, there may be no need for further quantitative research.

Accepted Answer

Qualitative research can provide in-depth understanding of a particular phenomenon or issue, which may be sufficient for making a business decision. However, in some cases, further quantitative research may be necessary to confirm or validate the findings from qualitative research.

Question 8

While reviewing a set of telephone interview data, an editor found that one of the respondents was below the intended sampling age, and as such had to be eliminated from the dataset. The editor was checking for:
A) completeness.
B) consistency.
C) extraneous variables.
D) missing data.

Accepted Answer

The editor was checking for consistency, as the respondent's age was not consistent with the intended sampling age.

Question 9

'Pawing' refers to the physical or manual coding of the data.

Accepted Answer

Pawing is a term used to describe the physical or manual coding of data, which involves entering data into a computer system by hand.

Question 10

A collection of related fields is known as a:
A) file.
B) record.
C) code.
D) field.

Accepted Answer

A collection of related fields is known as a record. A record typically contains information about a specific entity, such as a customer, product, or transaction. The fields within a record are the individual pieces of information that make up the record. A file is a collection of related records, and may contain multiple types of records. A code is a system of symbols used to represent information or instructions.

Question 11

Which of the following processes is most crucial before the survey is administered?
A) Coding
B) Pretesting
C) Recoding
D) Editing

Accepted Answer

Pretesting is crucial before the survey is administered as it helps to identify any potential issues with the survey instrument or questions, and allows for adjustments to be made before the survey is distributed to the target population. The other processes listed (coding, recoding, and editing) can be conducted after the survey has been administered.

Question 12

A collection of characters that represents a single type of data is known as a:
A) file.
B) record.
C) field.
D) code.

Accepted Answer

A field is a collection of characters that represents a single type of data, such as a name or a date.

Question 13

Which of the following tasks is not performed during the data-cleaning process?
A) Checking for inaccurate data
B) Determining readability of data
C) Identifying incomplete data
D) Determining outliers

Accepted Answer

Determining readability of data is not a task performed during the data-cleaning process. The other options, checking for inaccurate data, identifying incomplete data, and determining outliers, are all critical tasks in the data-cleaning process.

Question 14

During the analysis stage, several interrelated procedures are performed to summarise and rearrange the data. Which of the following shows the correct sequence?
A) Data coding; data editing; data entry; data analysis
B) Data coding; data entry; data editing; data analysis
C) Data editing; data coding; data entry; data analysis
D) Data editing; data entry; data coding; data analysis

Accepted Answer

Data editing is done first to ensure accuracy, followed by data coding to categorize the data, then data entry to input the data into a system, and finally data analysis to interpret the data.

Question 15

Recorded measures of certain phenomena are called _________, whereas _________ refers to a body of facts that are in a format conducive to decision-making.
A) data; information
B) information; data
C) information; code
D) codes; data

Accepted Answer

Data are recorded measures of certain phenomena, whereas information refers to a body of facts that are in a format conducive to decision-making. Therefore, option A is the correct answer.

Question 16

To enable the raw data collected in the field to answer the marketing manager's questions, it must be _________ into information.
A) edited
B) reconstructed
C) transformed
D) coded

Accepted Answer

Raw data needs to be transformed (cleaned, organized, and analyzed) in order to turn it into useful information that can answer the marketing manager's questions. Editing, reconstructing, and coding may be part of this transformation process, but they alone do not fully convert raw data into useful information.

Question 17

Review of data to identify whether outliers are present in the collected responses occurs during which of the following processes?
A) Data-cleaning
B) Data coding
C) Data transformation
D) Data entry

Accepted Answer

Outlier identification and handling is a part of data cleaning process, which involves identifying and removing or adjusting any abnormal or erroneous data points that may skew the analysis or results. Data coding involves assigning numerical codes or categories to collected data, while data transformation involves converting data from one form to another, and data entry involves inputting data into a system or database.

Question 18

When a fieldworker records an improbable answer (for example, 'Birth year: 1861'), it means that the data need to be:
A) edited
B) recoded
C) coded
D) reconstructed

Accepted Answer

An improbable answer like "Birth year: 1861" suggests an error or inconsistency in the data collection process. Thus, the data need to be reviewed and edited to ensure accuracy and reliability. Recoding, coding, or reconstructing may not be necessary unless there are further issues with the data after editing.

Question 19

Which of the following would have the least impact on the integrity of data?
A) Poor editing or coding
B) A high proportion of nonresponses
C) There are only a few outliers
D) The data is made up

Accepted Answer

Outliers can have an impact on the accuracy of statistical measures such as the mean and standard deviation, but they do not necessarily affect the integrity of the data itself. Poor editing or coding, a high proportion of nonresponses, and fabricated data could all significantly compromise the integrity of the data.

Question 20

Emergent coding is a hallmark of a grounded theory approach to coding qualitative data.

Accepted Answer

Emergent coding is a key component of grounded theory methodology, wherein the researcher allows the codes to emerge from the data rather than imposing preconceived categories.

Quiz 11: Editing and Coding: Transforming Raw Data Into Information

Assigning males the value of zero and females the value of one in a database to record the gender of the respondents is an example of:

Which of the following is not a purpose of field editing of data?

The assignment of numbers to edited data is known as:

Which of the following cannot be identified from the code book?

Constant comparison refers to the process where the researcher compares the coding scheme from the qualitative analysis to relevant secondary data to look for consistencies.

The role of data editing is to address issues relating to all of the following, except:

If qualitative research is done well, for the purpose of a business decision, there may be no need for further quantitative research.

While reviewing a set of telephone interview data, an editor found that one of the respondents was below the intended sampling age, and as such had to be eliminated from the dataset. The editor was checking for:

'Pawing' refers to the physical or manual coding of the data.

A collection of related fields is known as a:

Which of the following processes is most crucial before the survey is administered?

A collection of characters that represents a single type of data is known as a:

Which of the following tasks is not performed during the data-cleaning process?

During the analysis stage, several interrelated procedures are performed to summarise and rearrange the data. Which of the following shows the correct sequence?

Recorded measures of certain phenomena are called _, whereas _ refers to a body of facts that are in a format conducive to decision-making.

To enable the raw data collected in the field to answer the marketing manager's questions, it must be _________ into information.

Review of data to identify whether outliers are present in the collected responses occurs during which of the following processes?

When a fieldworker records an improbable answer (for example, 'Birth year: 1861') , it means that the data need to be:

Which of the following would have the least impact on the integrity of data?

Emergent coding is a hallmark of a grounded theory approach to coding qualitative data.