Quiz 5: Modern Biosocial Perspectives of Criminal Behavior

Studies by ______ concluded that some families are more prone to criminality than others. A)Lombroso B)Hobbes C)Goddard D)Dugdale

According to research on hormones and neurotransmitters, what is the best time of day to take a mathematical or spatial test? A)early (morning) B)lunchtime C)early evening D)late at night

Dugdale's study of the ______ family provided more support to genetics, not environment.This was because many children in the this family had "criminal looking" physical features. A)Knight B)O'Neall C)Kallikak D)Jukes

Twin studies revealed that the genetic makeup of MZ twins was much greater than that of DZ twins.This was assessed using ______. A)biological factors B)concordance rates C)criminal history D)brain structure

Monozygotic twins are also known as ______ twins A)identical B)paternal C)fraternal D)maternal

One of the most notable adoptions stories was done by ______, which examined male children from ______. A)Goddard, Switzerland B)Dugdale, United States C)Mednick, Copenhagen D)Freud, Austria

Dizygotic twins are also known as ______ twins A)identical B)paternal C)fraternal D)maternal

According to research, about ______ males in the general population have the XYY mutation. A)1 out of 100 B)1 out of 1,000 C)100 out of 1,000 D)10 out of 1,000

Adoption studies examined the predictive influence of the ______ parents versus that of the ______ parents. A)biological; grand B)biological; adoptive C)maternal; adoptive D)fraternal; adoptive

The normal human genetic complement consists of ______ pairs of chromosomes. A)20 B)21 C)22 D)23

Which of the following is NOT a possible variation of chromosomal anomalies? A)XX B)XY C)XYX D)XYY

The ______ abnormality has been linked with criminality. A)XYY B)XXX C)XYX D)XXY

______ is the neurotransmitter that is generally linked to feeling good.Its receptors are most often triggered by cocaine and methamphetamine. A)Seritonin B)Dopamine C)Ribulatine D)Cytogenetina

Males who have the XYY mutation will likely be more ______. A)female-like B)male-like C)childish D)passive

Information processing is very much dependent upon levels of ______. A)seritonin B)dopamine C)ribulatine D)cytogenetina

Based on photos taken of the Kallikak family, Goddard concluded that many family members had physical features that made them look like criminals.This fit his ______. A)idea of concordance rates B)application of Kleinfelter's syndrome C)support for the nurture side of the nature vs.nurture debate D)theory of stigmata

The ______ lobes are in charge of higher-level problem solving and executive functioning. A)frontal B)vertical C)temporal D)adjacent

The likelihood of criminal offending is higher for persons with damage to their left ______ lobes. A)occipital B)temporal C)ventral D)lateral

Our voluntary motor skills are governed by our ______. A)main nervous system B)frontal nervous system C)central nervous system D)automatic nervous system

It is the ______ that controls heart rate. A)main nervous system B)frontal nervous system C)central nervous system D)autonomic nervous system

There are four types of brain wave patterns.The fastest wave pattern is ______, and the slowest is ______. A)theta; alpha B)theta; beta C)beta; delta D)alpha; beta

Children diagnosed with ______ have a higher likelihood of becoming criminal than do their peers. A)PTSD B)CNS C)ADHD D)LANS

Children with below average levels of ______ functioning probably do not fear punishment. A)main nervous system B)frontal nervous system C)central nervous system D)autonomic nervous system

Individuals with significantly lower levels of ANS arousal are ______ to pass lie detector tests. A)more likely B)less likely C)there is insufficient data D)neither more or less likely

Psychopaths tend to have more activity in the ______ patterns A)alpha B)beta C)delta D)theta

The 'normal' chromosomal makeup for women is ______. A)XX B)XY C)XXY D)XXX

______ is when individuals with very low levels of ANS arousal seek out risky or illegal experience. A)Adrenaline rush B)Stimulus hunger C)ADHD D)Excitement

Compared to the children in other families, the Kallikak children showed ______ proportionality of becoming criminal. A)lower B)higher C)the same D)inconclusive

Everyone shares about ______ of their human genetic makeup. A)1% B)25% C)75% D)99%

One of the first major studies of the XYY mutation was done in 1965.This study found that the mutation was far more common in the ______ male population of mental patients that in the general population. A)German B)English C)Scottish D)Irish

Female hormones are more present in the body ______, thus verbal tasks performed during this time will be better. A)at day break B)in the morning C)in the afternoon or evening D)late at night

High levels of testosterone have numerous consequences.Which of the following is NOT one of those consequences? A)lower sensitivity to pain B)enhanced seeking of sensory stimulation C)an aversion to risk-taking behaviors D)right-hemisphere shift in brain dominance

The dissection of the brain of serial killer ______ failed to locate an organic explanation of his behavior. A)Charles Whitman B)Albert Fish C)John Wayne Gacy D)Hannibal Lecter

Most of the twin pairs in the twins-separated-at-birth studies ______. A)knew they had a twin B)knew their twin C)were raised in similar environments D)were raised in different environments

______ twins have a higher concordance rate than ______. A)Identical; fraternal B)Fraternal; identical C)Fraternal; twins separated at birth D)Adopted; those not adopted

The Mednick study found that the highest predictability for future criminality was among adopted youth whose biological parents and adoptive parents were convicted of a crime.

Research on neurotransmitters is among the early studies that led to support of the biological effect on offending.

An individual with a low level of ANS functioning is less likely to commit criminal acts than an individual with a high level of ANS functioning.

Chronic violent offenders have different levels of hormones and other chemicals than do those in the general population.

Of the four types of brain wave patterns, theta is the slowest.

One of Goddard's main findings was that criminality is more common in some families.

Damage to the temporal lobe will likely interfere with communication to some structures of the brain's limbic system.

Research on IQ test performance compared across different times of day revealed that individuals do score higher than normal when injected with androgens prior to test-taking.

While damage to any part of the brain increases the risk of an individual's future criminality, injuries to certain parts of the brain result in more serious effects.

According to a study done in 1965, the XYY chromosomal mutation occurs in about one in 500 males in the general population.

The XXY mutation is also known as Kleinfelter's syndrome.

The Mednick study showed that the criminality of adoptive parents had a far greater predictive effect on future criminality of offspring that that of adoptive parents.

Cognitive decisions are the leading cause of criminal behavior.

Those who use/abuse cocaine produce lower levels of serotonin.

Moral reasoning relies on the occipital lobe, which is the executive area of the brain.

When considering the all of the findings about the nature-vs-nurture debate, the best conclusion is that both biology and environment have significant impacts on criminality.

Beta waves are most often seen while people are sleeping.

Because of sampling issues, studies of identical twins separated at birth did not become possible until the early 1990s.

Phenotype results from the interaction of genetics and the environment.

The conclusion that some families are more criminal than others is linked to heredity only.

What are the conclusions of Goddard's family studies, and how are they insightful to modern criminal behavioral perspectives?

Describe how cytogenic studies of crime can change the policies regarding crime?

What factors led to Charles Whitman's shooting spree, and why are they pertinent?

The author lists four primary interventions for reducing criminal behavior.Identify one of these interventions and describe how it could affect criminal behavior.

Describe how neurotransmitter levels can affect criminality.