Question 1

Which of the following prominent psychologists developed his theories primarily through using case studies

Accepted Answer

Freud is known for developing his theories, especially psychoanalytic theory, primarily through the use of case studies. He analyzed individual cases in depth to explore the unconscious mind, dreams, and the development of personality.

Question 2

Which of the following researchers is conducting a case study

Accepted Answer

Dr. Innis is conducting a case study by examining the tactile perception of a blind woman, which involves an in-depth investigation of a single individual.

Question 3

Survey is to case study as _______ is to __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Survey is to case study as _______...

Question 4

Which of the following alternatives correctly matches a research design with its goal

Accepted Answer

Experimental research is designed to assess the causal influence of one or more manipulations, allowing researchers to determine cause-and-effect relationships between variables.

Question 5

Case studies, naturalistic observation, and surveys are all examples of ___________ research methods.

Accepted Answer

These are all examples of descriptive research methods, which aim to observe, describe, and document aspects of a situation as it naturally occurs, without manipulating the environment or variables.

Question 6

DeAndre is recording instances of physical aggression among children in a schoolyard at recess. DeAndre is undertaking:

Accepted Answer

DeAndre is observing behavior in its natural environment without intervening, which is characteristic of naturalistic observation.

Question 7

Which of the following is the goal of descriptive research

Accepted Answer

Descriptive research aims to describe characteristics of a population or phenomenon being studied. It does not answer questions about how/when/why the characteristics occurred, unlike experimental research which aims to assess causality.

Question 8

Which alternative correctly describes one of the descriptive research techniques mentioned in your text

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation involves the examination of everyday events in a natural setting without the interference or manipulation by the observer, allowing for the observation of behavior in its natural context.

Question 9

Which of the following statements BEST expresses the relationship between a sample and a population

Accepted Answer

A population is the entire group of individuals or items that researchers are interested in studying, whereas a sample is a smaller subset of the population that is actually observed or measured. Therefore, a population includes a sample.

Question 10

Naturalistic observation entails which of the following

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation involves studying behaviors in their natural environments without any manipulation or intervention by the researcher. This method allows for the observation of behaviors as they occur in real-world settings.

Question 11

At a DUI checkpoint, some cars are stopped at random; many others are not stopped. Using the terminology of psychological research, the cars that are stopped may be considered a __________ of all the cars that pass by the checkpoint.

Accepted Answer

The cars that are stopped at a DUI checkpoint represent a sample of the total number of cars passing through the checkpoint. In psychological research and statistics, a sample refers to a subset of individuals (or items) selected from a larger set (the population) for the purpose of investigation.

Question 12

Dr. Girard is conducting a detailed examination of a patient with dissociative identity disorder. Dr. Girard is undertaking:

Accepted Answer

Conducting a detailed examination of a patient with dissociative identity disorder involves collecting detailed information about the patient's symptoms, experiences, history, and behavior. This approach is consistent with a case study, which involves collecting in-depth information about an individual or small group to understand a particular phenomenon. Surveys typically involve collecting data from a large sample of individuals through standardized questionnaires or interviews, while experimental research involves manipulating variables to determine cause-and-effect relationships. Naturalistic observation involves observing individuals in their natural environments, which is less relevant in this context.

Question 13

At the conclusion of an experimental session, Nia tells her participants the purpose of the study and explains the procedures she used. Nia is _________ her participants.

Accepted Answer

The answer of At the conclusion of an experimental session,...

Question 14

Fidelma is undertaking survey research. Which of the following is she probably doing

Accepted Answer

Survey research typically involves asking a group of people questions about their opinions, attitudes, behaviors, or beliefs. Option D, which involves asking students about their sexual attitudes and behaviors, fits this description.

Question 15

Which alternative correctly pairs a research design with a disadvantage

Accepted Answer

Descriptive research designs do not assess relationships among variables; they only describe characteristics or phenomena.

Question 16

Amy is conducting a survey of dating attitudes and behaviors among young adults as part of her masters' thesis work. Amy distributes questionnaires to 200 randomly selected students enrolled in an introductory psychology course at her university. The 200 students constitute Amy's ________. The people of whom she assumes her results will generalize are termed the _______.

Accepted Answer

The 200 students to whom Amy distributes questionnaires are her sample because they are a subset of the larger group she is interested in studying. The larger group to which she hopes to generalize her findings is termed the population.

Question 17

Dr. Evans prepares a set of questions to ask college students about their drinking behavior and their attitudes toward alcohol. Dr. Evans is undertaking:

Accepted Answer

Dr. Evans is conducting a survey, which involves asking a series of questions to gather information about people's behaviors, attitudes, or opinions, in this case, regarding drinking behavior and attitudes toward alcohol.

Question 18

Which of the following is the goal of correlational research

Accepted Answer

Correlational research aims to determine whether, and to what degree, a relationship exists between two or more quantifiable variables. This type of research does not manipulate variables or determine causality; instead, it assesses the strength and direction of associations among variables.

Question 19

Which of the following is the goal of experimental research

Accepted Answer

Experimental research aims to assess the causal influence of one or more manipulations on variables. This is done by controlling and manipulating variables to determine their effects on other variables, thereby establishing cause-and-effect relationships.

Question 20

Valentina is engaged in naturalistic observation. In which of the following projects is she most likely engaged

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation involves observing subjects in their natural environment without interfering. Observing interactions in a corporate office fits this description, as it allows for the study of behavior in a real-world setting.

Quiz 2: Psychological Science