Question 1

To which of the following is working memory most similar

Accepted Answer

Working memory is similar to a legal pad on which you jot temporary notes because it involves temporarily holding and manipulating information, much like jotting down notes for short-term use.

Question 2

"She did WHAT" your roommate exclaims as you relate a story about a mutual friend. Your roommate is processing your story in _________ memory.

Accepted Answer

Working memory is involved in the processing and manipulation of information that is being actively thought about or discussed, which fits the scenario of your roommate reacting to and processing the story you're telling.

Question 3

When we look up a number in the phone book, close the book, and then begin to dial the number, we are relying on

Accepted Answer

The answer of When we look up a number in...

Question 4

George Sperling conducted a study in which he varied the interval between the presentation of a letter matrix and an auditory recall cue. Sperling measured the proportion of letters participants could recall from the matrix. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding this study

Accepted Answer

The interval between the matrix and the cue is an independent variable, not a dependent variable. Sperling manipulated this interval to see its effect on recall, making it the independent variable in the study.

Question 5

The central executive is:

Accepted Answer

The central executive is a component of working memory, responsible for directing attention and coordinating cognitive processes.

Question 6

"What's your social" the associate asks over the phone. "One, six, four . . ." you begin. After a brief pause, you continue, "seventy-two . . . sixteen thirty-eight." To ease the burden on the associate's short-term memory, you are giving the number in ______ rather than as individual digits.

Accepted Answer

You are giving the number in chunks, which is a method of breaking down information into larger, more manageable units or groups to make it easier to remember or process.

Question 7

Tommy is repeating a series of digits in the order in which he heard an experimenter read them. The experimenter is testing the capacity of Tommy's _______ memory. Tommy should be able to repeat about _________ digits correctly.

Accepted Answer

The experimenter is testing Tommy's short-term memory, which is known to have a capacity of about 7 items (plus or minus 2), according to Miller's law.

Question 8

Psychologists use the term ______ memory to refer to "photographic" memory.

Accepted Answer

Eidetic memory is often referred to as "photographic" memory, indicating an ability to recall images, sounds, or objects in memory with high precision for a few minutes without using mnemonics.

Question 9

In the late 1950s and early 1960s, psychologist George Sperling conducted key studies of ______ memory.

Accepted Answer

George Sperling conducted key studies on sensory memory, particularly investigating the capacity and duration of the sensory memory store.

Question 10

Process is to structure as __________ memory is to _________ memory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Process is to structure as __________ memory...

Question 11

Which of the following describes sensory memory

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory is the initial, brief storage of sensory information, such as visual or auditory data, before it is processed into short-term memory.

Question 12

In the words of George Miller, the capacity of short-term memory is the "magical number _________."

Accepted Answer

George Miller, a cognitive psychologist, famously proposed that the capacity of short-term memory is "seven, plus or minus two" items. This concept suggests that the average person can hold about 7 items (ranging from 5 to 9) in their short-term memory at any given time.

Question 13

On your computer desktop, you can see all sorts of different files, each immediately accessible. Because you are actively working on them, and because you can open them whenever you want, these files are analogous to the information held in:

Accepted Answer

Working memory is the correct analogy because it refers to the information that is currently being held in mind and can be readily accessed for use, similar to how files on a computer desktop are immediately accessible for use.

Question 14

The conscious repetition of information to ensure its survival in short-term memory is termed ________ rehearsal.

Accepted Answer

Maintenance rehearsal is the process of repeatedly verbalizing or thinking about a piece of information to keep it in short-term memory longer.

Question 15

__________ examined how long information can last in sensory memory. __________ investigated the duration of short-term memory.

Accepted Answer

Sperling conducted experiments on sensory memory, particularly iconic memory, showing that information lasts briefly (~1/4 to 1/2 second). Peterson and Peterson studied short-term memory, finding that without rehearsal, information fades within about 15-30 seconds.

Question 16

Grouping pieces of information together to expand the effective capacity of short-term memory is termed _________.

Accepted Answer

Chunking refers to the strategy of breaking down information into smaller, more manageable units to help increase the capacity of short-term memory. This can be done by grouping similar pieces of information together or by using a mnemonic device to create a memorable pattern or sequence.

Question 17

Which of the following expressions best reflects the capacity of short-term memory

Accepted Answer

Short-term memory is theorized to hold about seven items, plus or minus two, according to George A. Miller's classic theory. This capacity can vary slightly from person to person but is generally accepted as a benchmark for the average capacity of human short-term memory.

Question 18

Which of the following describes short-term memory

Accepted Answer

Short-term memory refers to the capacity for holding a small amount of information in an active, readily available state for a short period of time, typically several seconds.

Question 19

As you work on a complex multiplication problem in your head, the numbers you are manipulating are in your __________ memory, and the multiplication tables you are drawing on are in _________ memory.

Accepted Answer

The numbers being manipulated in the problem are currently being processed in working memory, which is responsible for actively holding and manipulating information. The multiplication tables, on the other hand, are likely stored in long-term memory, as they have been previously learned and are being retrieved for use in the problem-solving process.

Question 20

Which of the following describes working memory

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following describes working memory
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Quiz 8: Remembering and Judging