Question 1

The idea that what you believe about yourself often comes true because you expect it to come true is known as _____.
A) social comparison
B) self-expectation
C) self-consciousness
D) self-fulfilling prophecy

Accepted Answer

The idea that what you believe about yourself often comes true because you expect it to come true is known as a self-fulfilling prophecy. This means that by believing something about oneself, one may change their behavior in a way that aligns with that belief and ultimately make it more likely to come true.

Question 2

Priscilla feels that she is unattractive and unlovable following a break-up with her boyfriend. Prior to this incident, Priscilla had a healthy view of her worth. Priscilla experienced a decrease in which of the following?
A) self-reflexiveness
B) self-concept
C) self-esteem
D) self-consciousness

Accepted Answer

Self-esteem refers to our overall evaluation of ourselves and our worth, including how we feel about our abilities, traits, and achievements. Priscilla's negative self-perception following the break-up with her boyfriend indicates a decrease in her self-esteem. Self-reflexiveness, self-concept, and self-consciousness are related aspects of the self but do not directly pertain to one's evaluation of their own worth.

Question 3

Ever since she was a little girl, Rhonda knew she wanted to be a teacher. Now that she is applying to college for a degree in education, she can hardly wait until that dream comes true. Her belief has been stable over a long period of time. This is an example of _____.
A) self-analysis
B) self-worth avoidance
C) self-concept clarity
D) self-esteem

Accepted Answer

This is an example of self-concept clarity, which refers to the extent to which individuals have a clear and consistent understanding of their own beliefs, values, and goals. In this case, Rhonda's belief in wanting to be a teacher has been stable over a long period of time, indicating a high level of self-concept clarity. Self-analysis refers to the process of examining one's own thoughts and feelings, and self-worth avoidance refers to a pattern of avoiding situations that might lead to negative evaluation of oneself. Self-esteem refers to an individual's overall evaluation of their own worth or value.

Question 4

Genevieve just knew she was going to fail the physics course because she had never been good at anything to do with science or math. Genevieve's thoughts are an example of _____.
A) self-concept clarity
B) self-expectations
C) self-awareness
D) self-fulfilling prophecy

Accepted Answer

Genevieve's belief that she will fail the course is a classic example of a self-fulfilling prophecy. By having this negative expectation, she may not try as hard or may become anxious in a way that interferes with her performance and increases the likelihood that she will fail.

Question 5

_____ is a technique where you imagine that you are performing an assigned task in a particular and positive way.
A) Visualization
B) Narcissism
C) Reframing
D) Stereotyping

Accepted Answer

Visualization is a technique where you imagine that you are performing an assigned task in a particular and positive way.

Question 6

The statement, "I'm not attractive because my roommate gets asked out on dates more than I do," illustrates the concept of _____.
A) self-fulfilling prophecy
B) social comparison
C) self-expectations
D) social expectations

Accepted Answer

The statement demonstrates social comparison, as the person is comparing their own level of attraction to their roommate's based on external validation of being asked out on dates.

Question 7

Natasha contemplates her relationship to other forces in the universe, but not from a religious standpoint. Natasha is exploring which component of self?
A) material self
B) social self
C) spiritual self
D) emotional self

Accepted Answer

Contemplating one's relationship to other forces in the universe typically involves spiritual or existential questioning, which falls under the category of the spiritual self.

Question 8

When Tina saw Karli's new shirt, she said she didn't like it because the color reminded her of seaweed. Tina's response is an example of a(n) _____.
A) belief
B) attitude
C) value
D) behavior

Accepted Answer

Tina's response of not liking Karli's shirt due to the color is an example of an attitude. Attitudes are an individual's positive or negative feelings towards an object, person, or situation.

Question 9

Larry grew up in a family in which his mother and father were constantly fighting and insulting each other. Their divorce was especially messy and mean. The poor quality of their relationship caused Larry to avoid commitment in a loving relationship for many years. Larry finally decides that he can no longer allow his feelings about love and marriage to be colored by his parents' failures. Which technique for improving self-esteem did Larry use?
A) developing honest relationships
B) visualizing
C) positive messages
D) losing your baggage

Accepted Answer

Larry used the technique of losing his baggage, which means letting go of negative experiences and beliefs from the past that could be holding him back in the present. By recognizing that his reluctance to commit was influenced by his parents' failed relationship, Larry was able to work towards improving his self-esteem and creating healthier relationships.

Question 10

After Patrice failed the first statistics quiz, she thought she would fail the whole class. Then she realized it was just one quiz, and she would have many more quizzes in the future that would boost her grade. This demonstrates the concept of _____.
A) reframing
B) visualization
C) narcissism
D) stereotyping

Accepted Answer

Reframing refers to the cognitive process of changing the way an individual perceives a situation or experience. In this case, Patrice is reframing her perception of her failure on the first statistics quiz and recognizing that it does not necessarily dictate her ultimate grade in the class.

Question 11

Jenny sees herself as a caring person. She communicates this perception of herself to a career counselor and the counselor recommends that she enter the field of nursing. Jenny's interaction with the counselor demonstrates her _____.
A) material self
B) ascribed identity
C) values
D) symbolic self-awareness

Accepted Answer

Jenny's perception of herself as a caring person and her communication of this perception to the counselor demonstrates her symbolic self-awareness, which is the ability to reflect on oneself and communicate that reflection to others.

Question 12

Carlos told the interviewer he was organized, detail-oriented, and confident. He typically describes himself this way when people ask what type of worker he is. This reveals Carlos' _____.
A) self
B) self-concept
C) self-knowledge
D) self-fulfilling prophecy

Accepted Answer

Carlos' description of himself as organized, detail-oriented, and confident represents his self-concept, which is his overall belief about his own abilities, traits, and characteristics.

Question 13

Athena thinks that killing animals for food is morally wrong. Athena's convictions would be which of the following?
A) an attitude
B) a belief
C) a value
D) a behavior

Accepted Answer

Athena's conviction reflects a value, which is an individual's deeply held principles or standards about what is important or desirable.

Question 14

As Ellen was nearing graduation, she thought back over her college career. Although she had wanted to be more involved in extra-curricular activities, she had focused on her studies and tended to describe herself first as a student. What aspect of the formation of self-concept does this describe?
A) social self
B) ascribed identity
C) avowed identity
D) association with groups

Accepted Answer

This describes the aspect of avowed identity, as Ellen primarily identified herself as a student based on her focus on her studies, rather than her involvement in extra-curricular activities or association with specific groups.

Question 15

What component of the self is especially important when you go on a date or eat lunch with your friend?
A) social
B) material
C) spiritual
D) emotional

Accepted Answer

When going on a date or eating lunch with a friend, the social component of the self is especially important. This includes communication skills, empathy, and the ability to connect with others in social situations.

Question 16

Juan has recently noticed that when he works on the group project, other members dismiss his suggestions. He has no idea how to go about getting them to listen to his ideas. The communication skill framework would place Juan at the level of _____.
A) unconscious incompetence
B) conscious incompetence
C) conscious competence
D) unconscious competence

Accepted Answer

This scenario indicates that Juan is aware that he is being dismissed, but he does not know how to communicate effectively to get the other members to listen to his ideas. This places Juan at the level of conscious incompetence, meaning he recognizes his shortcomings in communication skills but has not yet developed proficiency in this area.

Question 17

When Suzanne is asked to describe herself, her first response is that her friends often call her a computer nerd. This describes her _____.
A) avowed identity
B) material self
C) ascribed identity
D) spiritual self

Accepted Answer

Ascribed identity is the identity that is given to a person by others, such as their friends. In this case, Suzanne's friends call her a computer nerd, which is an ascribed identity.

Question 18

Alfonso is very tall and thin and cannot seem to add any muscle, although he works out in the gym four days every week. While at the gym, Alfonso compares his lack of muscle with the muscles of other men who work out at the gym. Alfonso's concern with this discrepancy is attributed to his focus on his _____ self.
A) material
B) subjective
C) social
D) spiritual

Accepted Answer

The answer of Alfonso is very tall and thin and...

Question 19

When Katy was asked to describe herself, she said "I'm a soccer player." When Brian was asked the same question, he said "I'm on the chess team." These examples show which kind of influence on self-concept?
A) communication with others
B) association with groups
C) personal beliefs
D) self-fulfilling prophecy

Accepted Answer

The examples show the influence of group associations on self-concept. Katy and Brian identified themselves based on their membership in a particular group (soccer and chess, respectively). This suggests that their sense of self is shaped, at least in part, by the groups they belong to.

Question 20

Andrew had plans to be married by the age of 25; however, he turned 30 and was still unmarried. He concluded that he was incapable of maintaining a healthy relationship. Andrew's self-esteem was impacted by which of the following?
A) gender differences
B) social comparison
C) self-expectations
D) self-fulfilling prophecy

Accepted Answer

Andrew's self-esteem was impacted by his own expectations for himself to be married by a certain age. When he failed to meet this expectation, he perceived himself as incapable of maintaining a healthy relationship, which negatively affected his self-esteem. This is an example of self-expectations influencing self-esteem.

Quiz 2: Exploring Self-Awareness and Communication

The idea that what you believe about yourself often comes true because you expect it to come true is known as _____.

Priscilla feels that she is unattractive and unlovable following a break-up with her boyfriend. Prior to this incident, Priscilla had a healthy view of her worth. Priscilla experienced a decrease in which of the following?

Ever since she was a little girl, Rhonda knew she wanted to be a teacher. Now that she is applying to college for a degree in education, she can hardly wait until that dream comes true. Her belief has been stable over a long period of time. This is an example of _____.

Genevieve just knew she was going to fail the physics course because she had never been good at anything to do with science or math. Genevieve's thoughts are an example of _____.

_____ is a technique where you imagine that you are performing an assigned task in a particular and positive way.

The statement, "I'm not attractive because my roommate gets asked out on dates more than I do," illustrates the concept of _____.

Natasha contemplates her relationship to other forces in the universe, but not from a religious standpoint. Natasha is exploring which component of self?

When Tina saw Karli's new shirt, she said she didn't like it because the color reminded her of seaweed. Tina's response is an example of a(n) _____.

After Patrice failed the first statistics quiz, she thought she would fail the whole class. Then she realized it was just one quiz, and she would have many more quizzes in the future that would boost her grade. This demonstrates the concept of _____.

Jenny sees herself as a caring person. She communicates this perception of herself to a career counselor and the counselor recommends that she enter the field of nursing. Jenny's interaction with the counselor demonstrates her _____.

Carlos told the interviewer he was organized, detail-oriented, and confident. He typically describes himself this way when people ask what type of worker he is. This reveals Carlos' _____.

Athena thinks that killing animals for food is morally wrong. Athena's convictions would be which of the following?

As Ellen was nearing graduation, she thought back over her college career. Although she had wanted to be more involved in extra-curricular activities, she had focused on her studies and tended to describe herself first as a student. What aspect of the formation of self-concept does this describe?

What component of the self is especially important when you go on a date or eat lunch with your friend?

Juan has recently noticed that when he works on the group project, other members dismiss his suggestions. He has no idea how to go about getting them to listen to his ideas. The communication skill framework would place Juan at the level of _____.

When Suzanne is asked to describe herself, her first response is that her friends often call her a computer nerd. This describes her _____.

When Katy was asked to describe herself, she said "I'm a soccer player." When Brian was asked the same question, he said "I'm on the chess team." These examples show which kind of influence on self-concept?

Andrew had plans to be married by the age of 25; however, he turned 30 and was still unmarried. He concluded that he was incapable of maintaining a healthy relationship. Andrew's self-esteem was impacted by which of the following?