Question 1

A client is scheduled to have a urine protein test to provide information about which of the following?
A) Kidney function
B) Bladder tone
C) Sphincter function
D) Renal disorder

Accepted Answer

A urine protein test would provide information about a potential renal disorder, as urinary protein can indicate damage or dysfunction in the kidneys.

Question 2

The nurse observes the color of the client's urine which appears pale blue-green. The nurse obtains a drug history from the client based on the understanding that drugs used by the client may affect which of the following?
A) Urinary tract tests
B) Size of the urinary bladder
C) Urine characteristics
D) Amount of urine produced

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

The nurse is monitoring a client who has undergone cystoscopy because the client's history indicates urinary infection. Which of the following would the nurse need to report to the physician?
A) Chills and fever
B) Dysuria and discolored or malodorous urine
C) Hematoma and frank bleeding
D) Flank pain and rapid pulse

Accepted Answer

Chills and fever may indicate a systemic infection or sepsis, which requires immediate medical attention.

Question 4

A client is scheduled for a renal angiography. Which of the following would be appropriate before the test?
A) Monitor the client for signs of electrolyte and water imbalance.
B) Monitor the client for an allergy to iodine contrast material.
C) Assess the client's mental changes.
D) Evaluate the client for periorbital edema.

Accepted Answer

Renal angiography involves the use of iodine contrast material which can cause an allergic reaction. Therefore, it is important to monitor the client for any allergy to the contrast material before the test. The other options are not specifically related to renal angiography.

Question 5

A nurse is describing the renal system to a client with a kidney disorder. Which structure would the nurse identify as emptying into the ureters?
A) Nephron
B) Renal pelvis
C) Parenchyma
D) Glomerulus

Accepted Answer

The renal pelvis is a basin-like structure in the kidney that collects urine from the collecting ducts and empties it into the ureters, which then transport the urine to the bladder.

Question 6

During the physical examination of a client, the nurse monitors for signs that may indicate a urinary tract disorder. Which of the following would suggest that the client may have a urinary tract disorder?
A) Lightheadedness
B) Malaise
C) Periorbital edema
D) Flank pain

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the physical examination of a client,...

Question 7

A client reports urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria. Which of the following would the nurse most likely suspect?
A) Obstruction of the lower urinary tract
B) Acute renal failure
C) Infection
D) Nephrotic syndrome

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria are classic signs of a urinary tract infection. Obstruction of the lower urinary tract may also cause these symptoms, but infection is a more likely cause. Acute renal failure and nephrotic syndrome are not typically associated with these symptoms.

Question 8

A male client, scheduled for a renal angiography, expresses his fear and anxiety to the nurse about the use of intravenous contrast medium substances in the test. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to do to help him overcome his apprehension?
A) Distract the client's attention from the test.
B) Discuss the client's anxiety with the physician.
C) Arrange for a radioactive expert to have a talk with the client.
D) Offer assurance about the safety of contrast media substances.

Accepted Answer

The nurse should offer assurance about the safety of contrast media substances to help the client overcome his apprehension. It is important to educate the client about the benefits of the test, the risks associated with not having the test, and the safety precautions that will be taken during the procedure. Distracting the client's attention or arranging for a radioactive expert may not address the client's underlying concerns and anxiety, and discussing the client's anxiety with the physician may not be necessary if the nurse is able to address the client's concerns effectively.

Question 9

A group of students are reviewing for a test on the urinary and renal system. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as part of the upper urinary tract?
A) Bladder
B) Urethra
C) Ureters
D) Pelvic floor muscles

Accepted Answer

The upper urinary tract includes the kidneys and ureters, which transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder. The bladder and urethra are both part of the lower urinary tract. Pelvic floor muscles are not specifically part of the urinary tract, but they do play a role in urinary control.

Question 10

A client is scheduled to undergo several diagnostic tests to evaluate his complaints of abdominal pain. The tests include a gall bladder series, an upper gastrointestinal (GI) series, a barium enema, and an intravenous pyelogram. Which test would the nurse would the nurse expect to be done first?
A) Upper GI series
B) Barium enema
C) Intravenous pyelography
D) Gall bladder series

Accepted Answer

The intravenous pyelogram should be done first because it requires the use of iodine-based contrast, which could interfere with the results of the other tests that use barium.

Question 11

A client has a full bladder. Which sound would the nurse expect to hear on percussion?
A) Tympany
B) Dullness
C) Resonance
D) Flatness

Accepted Answer

A full bladder would cause dullness on percussion, as it is a solid organ containing fluid. Tympany and resonance are expected with air-filled structures, and flatness is expected with solid organs without fluid.

Question 12

An older client is receiving prolonged doses of nephrotoxic drugs. Which of the following would the nurse need to report?
A) Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels
B) Decreased serum creatinine levels
C) Increased chloride levels
D) Oliguria

Accepted Answer

Oliguria is a decreased amount of urine output, which may indicate decreased kidney function and can be a sign of nephrotoxicity. Decreased BUN and serum creatinine levels may actually indicate improved kidney function, while increased chloride levels may be a result of treatment with nephrotoxic drugs.

Question 13

Which of the following diagnostic tests would the nurse expect to be ordered to determine the details of the arterial supply to the kidneys?
A) Radiography
B) Angiography
C) Computed tomography (CT scan)
D) Cystoscopy

Accepted Answer

Angiography is the diagnostic test that uses dye and X-rays to visualize the arterial supply to the kidneys. Radiography and CT scan may provide some information, but not as detailed as angiography. Cystoscopy is a procedure that examines the bladder and urethra, and is not relevant to the evaluation of the arterial supply to the kidneys.

Question 14

A nursing instructor is comparing and contrasting the male and female urethra to a group of students studying the urinary system. The instructor explain that the female urethra is approximately how long?
A) 4 cm
B) 10 cm
C) 18 cm
D) 24 cm

Accepted Answer

The female urethra is approximately 4 cm long, while the male urethra is around 20 cm long.

Question 15

A client who is suspected of urinary tract infection is asked to collect a 24-hour urine specimen for culture. Which of the following measures can the nurse suggest to the client that may help prevent the urine specimen from becoming contaminated?
A) Collect the voided urine sample primarily before 5 a.m.
B) Refrigerate the specimen until it is taken to the laboratory.
C) Use the same receptacle for voiding and defecation.
D) Store the collected urine away from sunlight.

Accepted Answer

Refrigerating the specimen until it is taken to the laboratory can help prevent bacterial growth and contamination. Collecting the voided urine sample primarily before 5 a.m. is not necessary for preventing contamination. Using the same receptacle for voiding and defecation increases the risk of contamination. Storing the collected urine away from sunlight may not be necessary for preventing contamination.

Question 16

A client is scheduled for a renal ultrasound. Which of the following would the nurse include when explaining this procedure to the client?
A) "An x-ray will be done to view your kidneys, ureters, and bladder."
B) "A contrast medium will be used to help see the structures better."
C) "You don't need to do any fasting before this noninvasive test."
D) "You'll have a pressure dressing on your groin after the test."

Accepted Answer

A renal ultrasound is a noninvasive test that uses sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. It does not require any fasting before the test or the use of a contrast medium. The client also does not need a pressure dressing on their groin after the test, as there is no insertion of any instruments or catheters.

Question 17

A group of students is reviewing the process of urine elimination. The students demonstrate understanding of the process when they identify which amount of urine as triggering the reflex?
A) 50 mL
B) 100 mL
C) 150 mL
D) 200 mL

Accepted Answer

The micturition reflex is typically triggered when the bladder contains about 150 mL of urine, signaling the need to urinate.

Question 18

The nurse reviews a client's history and notes that the client has a history of hyperparathyroidism. The nurse would identify that this client most likely would be at risk for which of the following?
A) Kidney stones
B) Neurogenic bladder
C) Chronic renal failure
D) Fistula

Accepted Answer

Hyperparathyroidism can lead to hypercalcemia, which can increase the risk of kidney stone formation. There is no direct link between hyperparathyroidism and neurogenic bladder, chronic renal failure, or fistula.

Question 19

A client has undergone diagnostic testing that involved the insertion of a lighted tube with a telescopic lens. The nurse identifies this test as which of the following?
A) Renal angiography
B) Intravenous pyelography
C) Excretory urogram
D) Cystoscopy

Accepted Answer

The insertion of a lighted tube with a telescopic lens is characteristic of a cystoscopy, which is used to examine the bladder and urethra. Renal angiography, intravenous pyelography, and excretory urograms involve diagnostic testing of different parts of the urinary tract, but do not involve the use of a telescopic lens.

Question 20

When describing the functions of the kidney to a client, which of the following would the nurse include?
A) Regulation of white blood cell production
B) Synthesis of vitamin K
C) Control of water balance
D) Secretion of enzymes

Accepted Answer

The kidney plays a critical role in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance by regulating the amount of water excreted in the urine. The other options listed are not functions of the kidney.

Quiz 57: Introduction to the Urinary System

A client is scheduled to have a urine protein test to provide information about which of the following?

The nurse observes the color of the client's urine which appears pale blue-green. The nurse obtains a drug history from the client based on the understanding that drugs used by the client may affect which of the following?

The nurse is monitoring a client who has undergone cystoscopy because the client's history indicates urinary infection. Which of the following would the nurse need to report to the physician?

A client is scheduled for a renal angiography. Which of the following would be appropriate before the test?

A nurse is describing the renal system to a client with a kidney disorder. Which structure would the nurse identify as emptying into the ureters?

During the physical examination of a client, the nurse monitors for signs that may indicate a urinary tract disorder. Which of the following would suggest that the client may have a urinary tract disorder?

A client reports urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria. Which of the following would the nurse most likely suspect?

A male client, scheduled for a renal angiography, expresses his fear and anxiety to the nurse about the use of intravenous contrast medium substances in the test. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to do to help him overcome his apprehension?

A group of students are reviewing for a test on the urinary and renal system. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as part of the upper urinary tract?

A client is scheduled to undergo several diagnostic tests to evaluate his complaints of abdominal pain. The tests include a gall bladder series, an upper gastrointestinal (GI) series, a barium enema, and an intravenous pyelogram. Which test would the nurse would the nurse expect to be done first?

A client has a full bladder. Which sound would the nurse expect to hear on percussion?

An older client is receiving prolonged doses of nephrotoxic drugs. Which of the following would the nurse need to report?

Which of the following diagnostic tests would the nurse expect to be ordered to determine the details of the arterial supply to the kidneys?

A nursing instructor is comparing and contrasting the male and female urethra to a group of students studying the urinary system. The instructor explain that the female urethra is approximately how long?

A client who is suspected of urinary tract infection is asked to collect a 24-hour urine specimen for culture. Which of the following measures can the nurse suggest to the client that may help prevent the urine specimen from becoming contaminated?

A client is scheduled for a renal ultrasound. Which of the following would the nurse include when explaining this procedure to the client?

A group of students is reviewing the process of urine elimination. The students demonstrate understanding of the process when they identify which amount of urine as triggering the reflex?

The nurse reviews a client's history and notes that the client has a history of hyperparathyroidism. The nurse would identify that this client most likely would be at risk for which of the following?

A client has undergone diagnostic testing that involved the insertion of a lighted tube with a telescopic lens. The nurse identifies this test as which of the following?

When describing the functions of the kidney to a client, which of the following would the nurse include?