Deck 57: Introduction to the Urinary System

Question 1

A client is scheduled to have a urine protein test to provide information about which of the following?

A) Kidney function
B) Bladder tone
C) Sphincter function
D) Renal disorder

Answer 1

Renal disorder

Question 2

The nurse observes the color of the client's urine which appears pale blue-green. The nurse obtains a drug history from the client based on the understanding that drugs used by the client may affect which of the following?

A) Urinary tract tests
B) Size of the urinary bladder
C) Urine characteristics
D) Amount of urine produced

Answer 2

Urinary tract tests

Question 3

The nurse is monitoring a client who has undergone cystoscopy because the client's history indicates urinary infection. Which of the following would the nurse need to report to the physician?

A) Chills and fever
B) Dysuria and discolored or malodorous urine
C) Hematoma and frank bleeding
D) Flank pain and rapid pulse

Answer 3

Chills and fever

Question 4

A client is scheduled for a renal angiography. Which of the following would be appropriate before the test?

A) Monitor the client for signs of electrolyte and water imbalance.
B) Monitor the client for an allergy to iodine contrast material.
C) Assess the client's mental changes.
D) Evaluate the client for periorbital edema.

Question 5

A nurse is describing the renal system to a client with a kidney disorder. Which structure would the nurse identify as emptying into the ureters?

A) Nephron
B) Renal pelvis
C) Parenchyma
D) Glomerulus

Question 6

During the physical examination of a client, the nurse monitors for signs that may indicate a urinary tract disorder. Which of the following would suggest that the client may have a urinary tract disorder?

A) Lightheadedness
B) Malaise
C) Periorbital edema
D) Flank pain

Question 7

A client reports urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria. Which of the following would the nurse most likely suspect?

A) Obstruction of the lower urinary tract
B) Acute renal failure
C) Infection
D) Nephrotic syndrome

Question 8

A male client, scheduled for a renal angiography, expresses his fear and anxiety to the nurse about the use of intravenous contrast medium substances in the test. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to do to help him overcome his apprehension?

A) Distract the client's attention from the test.
B) Discuss the client's anxiety with the physician.
C) Arrange for a radioactive expert to have a talk with the client.
D) Offer assurance about the safety of contrast media substances.

Question 9

A group of students are reviewing for a test on the urinary and renal system. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as part of the upper urinary tract?

A) Bladder
B) Urethra
C) Ureters
D) Pelvic floor muscles

Question 10

A client is scheduled to undergo several diagnostic tests to evaluate his complaints of abdominal pain. The tests include a gall bladder series, an upper gastrointestinal (GI) series, a barium enema, and an intravenous pyelogram. Which test would the nurse would the nurse expect to be done first?

A) Upper GI series
B) Barium enema
C) Intravenous pyelography
D) Gall bladder series

Question 11

A client has a full bladder. Which sound would the nurse expect to hear on percussion?

A) Tympany
B) Dullness
C) Resonance
D) Flatness

Question 12

An older client is receiving prolonged doses of nephrotoxic drugs. Which of the following would the nurse need to report?

A) Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels
B) Decreased serum creatinine levels
C) Increased chloride levels
D) Oliguria

Question 13

Which of the following diagnostic tests would the nurse expect to be ordered to determine the details of the arterial supply to the kidneys?

A) Radiography
B) Angiography
C) Computed tomography (CT scan)
D) Cystoscopy

Question 14

A nursing instructor is comparing and contrasting the male and female urethra to a group of students studying the urinary system. The instructor explain that the female urethra is approximately how long?

A) 4 cm
B) 10 cm
C) 18 cm
D) 24 cm

Question 15

A client who is suspected of urinary tract infection is asked to collect a 24-hour urine specimen for culture. Which of the following measures can the nurse suggest to the client that may help prevent the urine specimen from becoming contaminated?

A) Collect the voided urine sample primarily before 5 a.m.
B) Refrigerate the specimen until it is taken to the laboratory.
C) Use the same receptacle for voiding and defecation.
D) Store the collected urine away from sunlight.

Question 16

A client is scheduled for a renal ultrasound. Which of the following would the nurse include when explaining this procedure to the client?

A) "An x-ray will be done to view your kidneys, ureters, and bladder."
B) "A contrast medium will be used to help see the structures better."
C) "You don't need to do any fasting before this noninvasive test."
D) "You'll have a pressure dressing on your groin after the test."

Question 17

A group of students is reviewing the process of urine elimination. The students demonstrate understanding of the process when they identify which amount of urine as triggering the reflex?

A) 50 mL
B) 100 mL
C) 150 mL
D) 200 mL

Question 18

The nurse reviews a client's history and notes that the client has a history of hyperparathyroidism. The nurse would identify that this client most likely would be at risk for which of the following?

A) Kidney stones
B) Neurogenic bladder
C) Chronic renal failure
D) Fistula

Question 19

A client has undergone diagnostic testing that involved the insertion of a lighted tube with a telescopic lens. The nurse identifies this test as which of the following?

A) Renal angiography
B) Intravenous pyelography
C) Excretory urogram
D) Cystoscopy

Question 20

When describing the functions of the kidney to a client, which of the following would the nurse include?

A) Regulation of white blood cell production
B) Synthesis of vitamin K
C) Control of water balance
D) Secretion of enzymes

Question 21

A client is to begin collecting a 24-hour urine sample. Which of the following would the nurse instruct the client to do?

A) Keep the collection bottle at room temperature.
B) Collect the first voided urine specimen for two consecutive mornings.
C) Collect all the urine passed for a complete 24 hours.
D) Start collecting urine for 24 hours after discarding the initial specimen.

Question 22

The nurse is explaining the steps for collecting a clean catch urine specimen to a client. Which statement by the client indicates effective teaching?

A) "I'll start to urinate for a few seconds and then start to collect the specimen."
B) "After I clean the area, I can let go of my labia to hold the container."
C) "I need to collect at least 100 mL of urine for the specimen."
D) "I need to use one antiseptic wipe to clean the sides and down the middle."

Question 23

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results of a client with renal disease. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find?

A) Decreased blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
B) Increased serum albumin
C) Increased serum creatinine
D) Decreased potassium

Question 24

The nurse is providing care to a client who has had a renal biopsy. The nurse would need to be alert for signs and symptoms of which of the following?

A) Bleeding
B) Infection
C) Dehydration
D) Allergic reaction