Question 1

Norenzayan and colleagues' study on the effect of priming participants about religion found that

Accepted Answer

The study found that priming religious concepts led to more prosocial behavior.

Question 2

Research in which subjects were primed with the concept of God or morality showed that

Accepted Answer

The research suggests that reminding people of their moral values increases their self-awareness, which in turn increases their generosity. This is supported by studies where subjects primed with moral concepts were found to donate more money to charity than those who weren't primed. Choices A and B are incorrect because they suggest negative effects of self-awareness and moral priming, which are not supported by the research. Choice C is partially correct, but it only applies to subjects who were put in a good mood, not those primed with God or morality. Choice E is also incorrect as there is no evidence that moral priming puts people in a bad mood or decreases their generosity.

Question 3

The "feel good,do good" effect in studies of prosocial behaviour refers to the idea that

Accepted Answer

The "feel good, do good" effect refers to the idea that when people are in a positive mood, they are more likely to engage in prosocial behavior. This has been demonstrated in several studies, such as one where participants who had their moods lifted by finding money in a payphone booth were more likely to help someone who dropped papers.

Question 4

Amos has just received a good grade on his calculus exam.He's in a great mood and thinks to himself,"School's going well,my relationship with Carrie is going great.It's a wonderful world!" On the way out of the building,he finds that a bicyclist has hit a pedestrian,so he hurries over to help the fallen person.This example best illustrates which of the three reasons why positive mood enhances helping?

Accepted Answer

EA) Helping others can prolong the positive feelings we are experiencing, which motivates us to engage in helping behavior. E) Being in a good mood can make us perceive the world and others in a more positive light, making us more likely to attribute positive qualities to others and be more generous in our actions.

Question 5

The _______ hypothesis refers to the idea that people will often help to alleviate their own sadness and distress.

Accepted Answer

The negative-state relief hypothesis proposes that people engage in helping behavior to alleviate their own negative emotions and distress. This hypothesis suggests that individuals experience negative affective states such as sadness, guilt, or anxiety, which motivate them to engage in helping behavior to regulate or improve their own emotional states.

Question 6

Research on the relationship between prosocial behaviour and group membership have shown that

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that people are more likely to engage in prosocial behavior when they feel a sense of belonging to a group or community, and the motivation to help others is strengthened by group membership. This has been observed across a range of contexts and with various types of groups, from small friendship circles to larger communities or even nations.

Question 7

Your textbook authors point out that the unfair perception that people from Asian cultures are less altruistic than people from Western cultures is likely due to the fact that

Accepted Answer

Social norms of modesty in Asian cultures often dictate that individuals should not take credit for helping others, leading to a perception that they are less altruistic.

Question 8

According to proponents of the negative-state relief hypothesis,people who feel sad,guilty,or dejected are motivated to help another in order to alleviate their own unpleasant feelings.Thus,the negative-state relief hypothesis reflects a(n)_______ approach to understanding prosocial behaviour.

Accepted Answer

The negative-state relief hypothesis suggests that individuals are motivated to help others as a means to alleviate their own negative feelings, aligning with the social exchange theory. This theory posits that human interactions are driven by the desire to maximize benefits and minimize costs, including emotional states.

Question 9

Mary Harris and her colleagues (Harris,Benson,& Hall,1975)found that churchgoers were more likely to donate to charity before they attended confession than after,presumably because the act of confession

Accepted Answer

The act of confession is believed to reduce guilt, which explains why churchgoers were more likely to donate to charity before attending confession. After confessing, individuals may feel that their guilt has been alleviated, reducing the immediate motivation to perform charitable acts as a form of atonement or guilt reduction.

Question 10

Malika and Alicia are out shopping,when they are asked to contribute to AIDS research.Malika is happy because she just received an A- on her psychology exam,while Alicia is sad because she received a D.According to your text,who is most likely to contribute?

Accepted Answer

Malika is likely to contribute because she is in a good mood, and Alicia is likely to contribute because she feels guilty about her grade.

Question 11

People in non-Western interdependent cultures are more likely than Westerners to help in-group members,but less likely to help out-group members.These findings suggest that in non-Western cultures,the line between

Accepted Answer

The finding that people in non-Western interdependent cultures are more likely to help in-group members and less likely to help out-group members suggests that the line between in-groups and out-groups is firmly drawn in these cultures. This is consistent with the concept of collectivism, which emphasizes loyalty and cooperation towards members of one's own group while being less outwardly focused on others outside of the group.

Question 12

According to research on the effects of mood on helping,good moods are likely to _______ the odds that we will spontaneously help another,and bad moods are likely to _______ the odds that we will spontaneously help.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to research on the effects of...

Question 13

Compared to those in individualist cultures,people in interdependent cultures are

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compared to those in individualist cultures,people in...

Question 14

_______ is to "we" or "us" as _______ is to "they" or "them."

Accepted Answer

"In group" is the term used for "we" or "us", while "out group" is the term used for "they" or "them".

Question 15

Alice Isen and Paul Levin (1972)found that mall shoppers who found dimes were more likely to help a stranger pick up papers he had dropped.These results suggest that

Accepted Answer

The results suggest that finding a dime put people in a good mood and increased their helping behavior. This is supported by Isen and Levin's hypothesis that positive affective states increase the likelihood of people helping others. Additionally, the amount of money (a dime vs. a quarter) does not seem to have influenced the results, as the study did not find any significant difference in helping behavior between these two conditions.

Question 16

A number of studies have revealed that doing well on a test,receiving a gift,and listening to pleasant music can increase helping.These consistent findings across investigations suggest that when _______ they are _______ likely to help.

Accepted Answer

The studies suggest that when someone is in a good mood, they are more likely to help. This is supported by the findings that doing well on a test, receiving a gift, and listening to pleasant music can increase helping behavior.

Question 17

A(n)_______ group is a group which individuals identify with and of which they feel they are members.

Accepted Answer

An "in" group is a group with which individuals identify and feel a sense of membership.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about cultural difference in prosocial behaviour is true?

Accepted Answer

People in collectivist cultures prioritize group harmony and are more likely to help "in-group" members, but they are less likely to help "out-group" members compared to people in individualist cultures, who may not differentiate as strongly between in-group and out-group members when offering help.

Question 19

James has just received notice that he's been admitted to the law school of his choice.As he walks along,humming the theme to L.A.Law,he's in a good mood.He sees a worker fall off a ladder and rushes over to assist.Why did James help in this case?

Accepted Answer

The answer of James has just received notice that he's...

Question 20

Mary Harris and her colleagues (1975)found that churchgoers were more likely to contribute to charity before confession than after confession.These findings are most compatible with the

Accepted Answer

The negative-state relief hypothesis suggests that individuals are motivated to help others to alleviate their own negative feelings or states. In the context of Mary Harris and her colleagues' findings, churchgoers may be more likely to contribute to charity before confession because they are seeking to relieve the negative feelings (such as guilt or anxiety) associated with their sins or wrongdoings. After confession, when these negative feelings are alleviated through the act of confession, the motivation to contribute to charity for the purpose of relieving these feelings decreases.

Quiz 10: Prosocial Behaviour

Norenzayan and colleagues' study on the effect of priming participants about religion found that

Research in which subjects were primed with the concept of God or morality showed that

The "feel good,do good" effect in studies of prosocial behaviour refers to the idea that

The _______ hypothesis refers to the idea that people will often help to alleviate their own sadness and distress.

Research on the relationship between prosocial behaviour and group membership have shown that

Your textbook authors point out that the unfair perception that people from Asian cultures are less altruistic than people from Western cultures is likely due to the fact that

According to proponents of the negative-state relief hypothesis,people who feel sad,guilty,or dejected are motivated to help another in order to alleviate their own unpleasant feelings.Thus,the negative-state relief hypothesis reflects a(n) _______ approach to understanding prosocial behaviour.

Mary Harris and her colleagues (Harris,Benson,& Hall,1975) found that churchgoers were more likely to donate to charity before they attended confession than after,presumably because the act of confession

Malika and Alicia are out shopping,when they are asked to contribute to AIDS research.Malika is happy because she just received an A- on her psychology exam,while Alicia is sad because she received a D.According to your text,who is most likely to contribute?

People in non-Western interdependent cultures are more likely than Westerners to help in-group members,but less likely to help out-group members.These findings suggest that in non-Western cultures,the line between

According to research on the effects of mood on helping,good moods are likely to _ the odds that we will spontaneously help another,and bad moods are likely to _ the odds that we will spontaneously help.

Compared to those in individualist cultures,people in interdependent cultures are

_ is to "we" or "us" as _ is to "they" or "them."

Alice Isen and Paul Levin (1972) found that mall shoppers who found dimes were more likely to help a stranger pick up papers he had dropped.These results suggest that

A number of studies have revealed that doing well on a test,receiving a gift,and listening to pleasant music can increase helping.These consistent findings across investigations suggest that when _ they are _ likely to help.

A(n) _______ group is a group which individuals identify with and of which they feel they are members.

Which of the following statements about cultural difference in prosocial behaviour is true?

James has just received notice that he's been admitted to the law school of his choice.As he walks along,humming the theme to L.A.Law,he's in a good mood.He sees a worker fall off a ladder and rushes over to assist.Why did James help in this case?

Mary Harris and her colleagues (1975) found that churchgoers were more likely to contribute to charity before confession than after confession.These findings are most compatible with the