Question 1

Ringworm, frequently found in school children, is caused by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Ringworm is caused by a fungus, not by a worm. It is a common fungal infection that can affect the skin, scalp, feet, and nails.

Question 2

Which of the following is a firm, palpable, circumscribed elevation of the skin less than 1 cm in diameter?

Accepted Answer

Papules are firm, palpable, circumscribed elevations of the skin that are less than 1 cm in diameter. They can be seen in various skin conditions, including acne and dermatitis.

Question 3

Which of the following is usually the only symptom of pediculosis capitis (head lice)?

Accepted Answer

Itching is typically the only symptom of pediculosis capitis (head lice) due to an allergic reaction to the lice bites.

Question 4

Which of the following is the primary clinical manifestation of scabies?

Accepted Answer

Pruritus, or intense itching, is the primary clinical manifestation of scabies. This symptom is caused by an allergic reaction to the mites, their eggs, and their waste products.

Question 5

Treatment for herpes simplex virus (type I or type II) includes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Oral antiviral agents, such as acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir, are the primary treatment for herpes simplex virus infections.

Question 6

Cellulitis is often caused by:

Accepted Answer

Cellulitis is most commonly caused by bacteria, particularly Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species. These bacteria can enter the skin through cuts or cracks, leading to infection and inflammation.

Question 7

Which of the following should the nurse include when explaining how to manage pediculosis capitis?

Accepted Answer

Removing nits with an extra-fine tooth comb or tweezers is an effective method for managing pediculosis capitis, as it helps ensure that both lice and their eggs are removed from the hair.

Question 8

Which of the following is an important nursing consideration when caring for a child with impetigo contagiosa?

Accepted Answer

Impetigo contagiosa is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection, and maintaining cleanliness through careful handwashing is crucial to prevent its spread.

Question 9

Deficiency of which of the following vitamins or minerals result in an inadequate inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Deficiency of which of the following vitamins...

Question 10

A child falls on the playground and has a small laceration on the forearm. The school nurse should do which of the following to cleanse the wound?

Accepted Answer

Washing the wound gently with mild soap and water is the recommended method for cleansing minor cuts and lacerations to prevent infection and promote healing.

Question 11

A flat, brown mole less than 1 cm. in diameter would be called a:

Accepted Answer

A flat, brown mole less than 1 cm in diameter is classified as a macule. Macules are flat, distinct, discolored areas of skin less than 1 cm wide that do not involve any change in the thickness or texture of the skin.

Question 12

Impetigo ordinarily results in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Impetigo typically heals without scarring, as it primarily affects the superficial layers of the skin.

Question 13

Which of the following is an elevated, circumscribed skin lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid?

Accepted Answer

Vesicles are elevated, circumscribed skin lesions that are less than 1 cm in diameter and filled with serous fluid, fitting the description provided.

Question 14

Warts are caused by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Warts are caused by an infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is a virus, not by bacteria, fungus, or parasites.

Question 15

A child steps on a nail and sustains a puncture wound of the foot. Which of the following is the most appropriate method for cleansing this wound?

Accepted Answer

Soaking the foot in warm water and soap is the most appropriate method for cleansing a puncture wound. This method helps to clean the wound effectively by removing debris and bacteria without causing further tissue damage, which can be a risk with harsher substances like hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine, and povidone-iodine. These substances can be too harsh for a fresh wound, potentially damaging tissues and delaying healing.

Question 16

The primary treatment for warts is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The primary treatment for warts, which are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), involves local destruction methods such as cryotherapy, salicylic acid, or laser treatment. Vaccination can prevent certain types of HPV infections but is not a treatment for existing warts. Corticosteroids and specific antibiotic therapy are not standard treatments for warts.

Question 17

Matt's mother tells the nurse that he keeps scratching the areas where he has poison ivy. The nurse's response should be based on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Scratching lesions caused by poison ivy can introduce bacteria to the site, leading to secondary infections. Poison ivy itself causes itching due to an allergic reaction to urushiol, an oily compound found in the plant.

Question 18

Therapeutic management of the child with ringworm infection would include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Oral griseofulvin is the treatment of choice for ringworm (tinea) infections, especially when they are extensive or involve the scalp.

Question 19

Lymphangitis ("streaking") is frequently seen in:

Accepted Answer

Lymphangitis, characterized by red streaks running along the limbs, is commonly associated with cellulitis, indicating the spread of infection along the lymphatic vessels.

Question 20

Herpes zoster is caused by the varicella virus and has an affinity for which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Herpes zoster, also known as shingles, is caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which initially causes chickenpox. After the initial infection, the virus remains dormant in the nervous system and can reactivate later in life to cause herpes zoster. The virus has an affinity for the posterior root ganglia and the posterior horn of the spinal cord, where it causes inflammation and leads to the characteristic painful rash of shingles.

Quiz 30: The Child With Integumentary Dysfunction