Question 1

The GRE is an example of a(n) ________ test.
A) personality
B) aptitude
C) achievement
D) demographic

Accepted Answer

The GRE (Graduate Record Examination) is designed to measure a person's aptitude for graduate-level academic work, assessing skills in areas such as verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing.

Question 2

If a researcher is concerned about history effects, she should use _________ reliability instead of ________ reliability.
A) test-retest; split-half
B) split-half; test-retest
C) criterion; test-retest
D) split-half; criterion

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a researcher is concerned about history...

Question 3

Once chosen, a score, event, or participant cannot be returned to the population to be selected again. This technique is referred to as
A) random sampling without replacement.
B) random sampling with replacement.
C) stratified random sampling.
D) convenience sampling.

Accepted Answer

This technique is called random sampling without replacement, where once an item is selected, it cannot be chosen again.

Question 4

The complete set of individuals we wish to examine is called the _______.
A) sample
B) stratified sample
C) random sample
D) population

Accepted Answer

The population is the complete set of individuals we wish to examine.

Question 5

Ken develops a new scale to measure extraversion. In order to assess reliability, he divides his scale into even and odd numbered items and assesses the degree of correspondence between the two groups. Ken has used the ________ technique.
A) criterion
B) test-retest
C) split-half
D) interrater

Accepted Answer

Ken has used the split-half technique, which involves dividing a test into two parts (e.g., even and odd items) to assess the internal consistency and reliability of the scale.

Question 6

________ tests are designed to evaluate an individual's level of mastery or competence.
A) Personality
B) Aptitude
C) Achievement
D) Demographic

Accepted Answer

Achievement tests are designed to assess an individual's level of mastery or competence in a particular area or subject.

Question 7

History effects are associated with
A) split-half reliability.
B) criterion validity.
C) test-retest reliability.
D) content validity.

Accepted Answer

History effects are associated with test-retest reliability because they refer to events that occur between the first and second testing that could affect the results, thus impacting the reliability of the test over time.

Question 8

Madeleine has developed a new scale to measure conscientiousness. This scale would best be described as a(n)
A) achievement test.
B) personality inventory.
C) aptitude test.
D) stratified test.

Accepted Answer

A personality inventory is designed to measure personality traits, such as conscientiousness, making it the best description for Madeleine's new scale.

Question 9

________ tests are designed to assess an individual's potential ability or skill in a particular job.
A) Personality
B) Aptitude
C) Achievement
D) Demographic

Accepted Answer

Aptitude tests are designed to assess an individual's potential ability or skill in a particular job.

Question 10

What is the main drawback with test-retest reliability?
A) There are usually not enough items to reliably assess test-retest reliability.
B) It is difficult to find another test that also measures the same trait of interest.
C) Participants may remember the questions and answers the second time the test is administered.
D) It is difficult to achieve high interrater reliability.

Accepted Answer

Test-retest reliability can be compromised if participants remember the questions and answers from the first administration, which can influence their responses during the second administration.

Question 11

To determine ________ reliability, a researcher divides a test into two subtests and compares the scores made on the two halves.
A) test-retest
B) split-half
C) criterion
D) content

Accepted Answer

Split-half reliability is a measure of the internal consistency of a test. It is calculated by dividing a test into two subtests and comparing the scores made on the two halves.

Question 12

________ tests are designed to measure a specific aspect of the individual's motivational state or interpersonal capability.
A) Personality
B) Aptitude
C) Achievement
D) Demographic

Accepted Answer

Personality tests are designed to measure specific aspects of an individual's motivational state or interpersonal capability, assessing traits and characteristics that influence behavior and interactions.

Question 13

Which of the following is a good strategy to increase the representativeness of a sample?
A) Use random sampling without replacement.
B) Use convenience sampling.
C) Decrease the sample size.
D) Increase the sample size.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a good...

Question 14

Latoya develops a new scale to measure beliefs in extraterrestrials. She gives her new scale to 100 people twice, two months apart. She finds that in general, people who believe in extraterrestrials at Time 1 also believe in extraterrestrials at Time 2. Latoya's scale exhibits good
A) concurrent validity.
B) content validity.
C) test-retest reliability.
D) split-half reliability.

Accepted Answer

Test-retest reliability refers to the consistency of a measure when the same test is administered to the same people at two different points in time. Since Latoya's scale shows consistent results over two months, it demonstrates good test-retest reliability.

Question 15

A _________ is a subset of the ____________.
A) population; sample
B) population; random sample
C) sample; population
D) None of the above.

Accepted Answer

A sample is a subset of the population, which is the entire group being studied.

Question 16

If every member of the population has an equal likelihood of being included in the study, the researcher has obtained a _________ sample.
A) cohort
B) random
C) convenience
D) demographic

Accepted Answer

A random sample is one in which every member of the population has an equal likelihood of being included in the study.

Question 17

Cathy must take a test in order to be able to practice medicine. What kind of test is Kathy most likely to take?
A) personality test
B) aptitude test
C) achievement test
D) demographic test

Accepted Answer

Cathy is most likely to take an achievement test, which assesses her knowledge and skills in the field of medicine to ensure she meets the required standards to practice professionally.

Question 18

Researchers give a test to participants on two separate occasions in order to assess
A) concurrent validity.
B) criterion validity.
C) split-half reliability.
D) test-retest reliability.

Accepted Answer

Test-retest reliability is assessed by giving the same test to the same participants on two separate occasions to measure the consistency of the results over time.

Question 19

__________ refers to the extent to which a test exhibits consistency.
A) Concurrent validity
B) Criterion validity
C) Content validity
D) Reliability

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency of a test in measuring what it is intended to measure over time.

Question 20

Once chosen, a score, event, or participant can be returned to the population to be selected again. This technique is referred to as
A) random sampling without replacement.
B) random sampling with replacement.
C) stratified random sampling.
D) convenience sampling.

Accepted Answer

Random sampling with replacement allows a score, event, or participant to be returned to the population and potentially be selected again.

Quiz 4: Nonexperimental Methods: Descriptive Methods, Correlational Studies, Ex Post Facto Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sampling, and Basic Research Strategies

The GRE is an example of a(n) ________ test.

If a researcher is concerned about history effects, she should use _ reliability instead of reliability.

Once chosen, a score, event, or participant cannot be returned to the population to be selected again. This technique is referred to as

The complete set of individuals we wish to examine is called the _______.

Ken develops a new scale to measure extraversion. In order to assess reliability, he divides his scale into even and odd numbered items and assesses the degree of correspondence between the two groups. Ken has used the ________ technique.

________ tests are designed to evaluate an individual's level of mastery or competence.

History effects are associated with

Madeleine has developed a new scale to measure conscientiousness. This scale would best be described as a(n)

________ tests are designed to assess an individual's potential ability or skill in a particular job.

What is the main drawback with test-retest reliability?

To determine ________ reliability, a researcher divides a test into two subtests and compares the scores made on the two halves.

________ tests are designed to measure a specific aspect of the individual's motivational state or interpersonal capability.

Which of the following is a good strategy to increase the representativeness of a sample?

Latoya develops a new scale to measure beliefs in extraterrestrials. She gives her new scale to 100 people twice, two months apart. She finds that in general, people who believe in extraterrestrials at Time 1 also believe in extraterrestrials at Time 2. Latoya's scale exhibits good

A _ is a subset of the ____.

If every member of the population has an equal likelihood of being included in the study, the researcher has obtained a _________ sample.

Cathy must take a test in order to be able to practice medicine. What kind of test is Kathy most likely to take?

Researchers give a test to participants on two separate occasions in order to assess

__________ refers to the extent to which a test exhibits consistency.

Once chosen, a score, event, or participant can be returned to the population to be selected again. This technique is referred to as