Quiz 16: The Digestive System

Which stage of swallowing is shown here? A) Voluntary stage B) Pharyngeal stage C) Esophageal stage D) Pyloric stage

Which layer of the GI tract is responsible for peristalsis? A) Mucosa B) Submucosa C) Muscularis D) Serosa

Where does peristalsis start during deglutition? A) Mouth B) Pharynx C) Esophagus D) Stomach

Which teeth are for piercing and ripping? A) Incisors B) Canines C) Premolars D) Molars

A cavity is damage to which region of the tooth? A) Dentin B) Enamel C) Pulp D) Root

What is the name of the structure labeled A? A) Salivary gland B) Mouth C) Pharynx D) Tongue

What is the function of structure B? A) Begin digestion of carbohydrates B) Begin digestion of proteins C) Absorption of lipids D) Absorption of proteins

What is the function of structure C? A) Absorption of lipids B) Production of saliva C) Production of enzymes necessary for digestion D) Digestion and absorption of water

What is the name of structure D? A) Appendix B) Anus C) Transverse colon D) Rectum

What is the function of structure C? A) Production of enzymes necessary for digestion B) Absorption of water C) Storage of bile D) Absorption of vitamins

In the illustration, which organ secretes digestive enzymes and produces hormones? A) A B) B C) C D) D

What is the name of the process pictured here? A) Digestion B) Absorption C) Peristalsis D) Maceration

What is the purpose of mixing waves in the stomach? A) Stimulation of small intestine B) Initiation of the ejection of digestive enzymes C) Mixing gastric juices with bolus D) Reverse peristalsis

Which macromolecules are digested in the stomach? A) Carbohydrates B) Fats C) Proteins D) Fats and proteins

With what digestive organ are these structures associated? A) Tongue B) Liver C) Small intestine D) Pancreas

Which nutrient requires the least energy expenditure to arrive in the blood stream? A) Fructose B) Glucose C) Amino acids D) Fatty acids and monoglycerides

The ileum is part of which structure? A) Large intestine B) Stomach C) Small intestine D) Pancreas

What is the function of salivary amylase? A) Digest lipids B) Digest starch C) Digest sucrose D) Digest protein

What is the purpose of the acidic conditions of the stomach? A) It is necessary to absorb vitamin B₁₂. B) The acid digests the protein. C) It activates pepsin and kills microbes. D) The acid creates small holes called gastric pits, which release the digestive enzymes of the stomach.

The hepatic portal system is composed of blood vessels that bring _________. A) nutrient-rich blood to the liver for processing B) oxygen-rich blood to the liver C) oxygen-poor blood away from the liver D) bile to the small intestine

Which nutrient must be converted into a chylomicron prior to being absorbed? A) Triglycerides B) Glucose C) Starch D) Amino acids

Most digestion and absorption occurs in the: A) oral cavity. B) esophagus. C) stomach. D) small intestine.

The portion of the large intestine just before the rectum is the: A) sigmoid colon. B) anus. C) cecum. D) appendix.

The function of Peyers patches is the: A) production of digestive enzymes. B) protection from pathogens. C) absorption of fats. D) production of hormones.

What is a hydrolase? A) An enzyme that digests water. B) A cell that makes hydrochloric acid. C) An enzyme that digests polymers by inserting water molecules between monomers. D) A cell that absorbs water in the colon.

Where is pepsin produced? A) Salivary glands B) Stomach C) Liver D) Pancreas

What is the substrate for trypsin? A) Starch B) Proteins C) Triglycerides D) Lipids

What kind of enzyme is shown in this picture? A) Hepatocyte B) Synthatase C) Hydrolase D) Synthase

Chewing is an example of: A) mechanical digestion. B) chemical digestion. C) enzymatic digestion. D) peristalsis.

Chemical digestion of carbohydrates takes place: A) in the mouth. B) in the stomach. C) in the small intestine. D) in the mouth and small intestine.

During phase B the release of which hormone increases? A) CCK B) Secretin C) Gastrin D) Pepsin

In the diagram, the arrow is pointing at the: A) rugae sphincter. B) duodenal sphincter. C) esophageal sphincter. D) pyloric sphincter.

If we don't eat, we can break down glycogen and convert fats and proteins into glucose to maintain blood sugar levels.

The stomach is involved only in chemical digestion.

The tonsils and MALT are both immune structures associated with the digestive system.

Once food passes the lower esophageal sphincter, it cannot reverse and flow backwards.

The intestinal phase of gastric digestion begins when chyme starts to leave the stomach through the pyloric sphincter.

Mesenteries are folds in the abdominal lining that help to secure the digestive organs.

Cows feed on grass which humans can't digest and therefore expand the food supply.

Some enzymes are free-floating in the fluid of the bolus and chyme, while others are located on the surface of the cells of the small intestine.

E. coli is not normally found in the digestive system; it is only found when a person has acquired food poisoning from eating tainted food.

Mechanical digestion alters chemical bonds.

All digestive enzymes except for two, act in the small intestine.

All digestive enzymes work best at pH 7.

The tongue moves the chewed food around the mouth and mixes it with saliva to form a _________, which is then swallowed.

The digestive system's job is to prepare nutrients to circulate through the ______________.

The phase of digestion that is initiated when you think about and/or smell a delicious food is called the ______________ phase.

The first part of the small intestine is called the ______________.

The small folds on the inner wall of the small intestine that contain lacteals are called ________.

___________ results from chyme moving too quickly in the colon for water to be absorbed adequately.

The voluntary expulsion of feces from the anus is known as ______________.

The names of enzymes, usually include the name of the substrate and the suffix _______.

What happens when blood glucose levels drop?

What is the function of the large intestine?

What are the five basic processes of the digestive system?