Question 1

The nurse is providing care to a client who has been prescribed a beta blocker.Which item in the client's history does the nurse suspect this medication has been prescribed to treat?

Accepted Answer

Beta blockers are commonly prescribed to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) by reducing the heart rate and the heart's output of blood, which lowers blood pressure.

Question 2

The nervous system consists of which two divisions? (Select all that apply.)Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

The nervous system consists of two divisions: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS consists of all the nerves that connect the CNS to the rest of the body.

Question 3

During discharge education,a nurse tells the client who is prescribed an adrenergic blocker to notify a healthcare provider before taking over-the-counter cold,cough,or sinus medication.Which condition does the nurse expect this client to have?

Accepted Answer

Adrenergic blockers are commonly prescribed for hypertension. Over-the-counter cold, cough, or sinus medications often contain sympathomimetic agents that can increase blood pressure, potentially counteracting the effects of adrenergic blockers.

Question 4

A client has been diagnosed with myasthenia gravis and is experiencing severe muscle weakness.The nurse teaches the client that these symptoms are occurring because of the destruction of what receptor?

Accepted Answer

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the destruction of nicotinic (cholinergic) receptors found in skeletal muscles, leading to muscle weakness and fatigue.

Question 5

The nurse knows that some sympathomimetic drugs stimulate which type of receptor that makes these drugs useful in treating asthma?

Accepted Answer

Sympathomimetic drugs that stimulate Beta2 receptors are useful in treating asthma because they cause bronchodilation, which helps to open up the airways and make breathing easier for asthma patients.

Question 6

Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system is caused by which type(s)of drug? (Select all that apply.)Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Adrenergic agents and sympathomimetics both stimulate the sympathetic nervous system. Adrenergic agents work by mimicking the action of adrenaline and noradrenaline, neurotransmitters of the sympathetic nervous system, leading to increased heart rate, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels, among other effects. Sympathomimetics have a similar action, stimulating the sympathetic nervous system by increasing the activity of its neurotransmitters.

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a client with chronic nasal congestion.The client is being treated with phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine).What are some possible nursing diagnoses for this client? (Select all that apply.)Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Phenylephrine is a decongestant that can cause side effects such as rebound congestion if overused, leading to a knowledge deficit about proper use. It can also affect breathing patterns due to its action on nasal passages.

Question 8

The client asks the nurse which medication on a family member's list is a beta-adrenergic blocker.What should be the nurse's reply?

Accepted Answer

Atenolol (Tenormin) is a beta-adrenergic blocker, which is used to treat high blood pressure and chest pain. Prazosin, Doxazosin, and Terazosin are alpha blockers, not beta blockers.

Question 9

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system is caused by which type(s)of drug? (Select all that apply.)Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Parasympathomimetics and cholinergic agents both stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system. Parasympathomimetics mimic the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter associated with the parasympathetic nervous system, while cholinergic agents stimulate the same system by either mimicking acetylcholine or increasing its activity.

Question 10

The somatic nervous system consists of nerves that provide what function?

Accepted Answer

The somatic nervous system is responsible for voluntary movements and the sensory information from the external environment, primarily through the control of skeletal muscles.

Question 11

When teaching a client about beta blockers,what should the nurse include in the teaching plan regarding what can occur with abrupt discontinuation?

Accepted Answer

Abrupt discontinuation of beta blockers can lead to withdrawal symptoms including chest pain and rebound hypertension due to the sudden removal of the drug's effects, which had been suppressing these symptoms.

Question 12

Which nervous system is responsible for the fight-or-flight response?

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight-or-flight response, preparing the body to respond to perceived threats by increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and releasing stored energy.

Question 13

A client with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)is started on the alpha blocker,alfuzosin (Uroxatral).The nurse knows it is important to inform the client of which possible side effect?

Accepted Answer

Alpha blockers, such as alfuzosin, can cause impotence as a side effect by affecting the smooth muscle tone in the vasculature and potentially influencing erectile function.

Question 14

What are the two subtypes of norepinephrine receptors? (Select all that apply.)Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Alpha and beta are the two subtypes of norepinephrine receptors.

Question 15

What is the name of the chemicals that allow nerve impulses to cross the synaptic cleft?

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitters are the chemicals that transmit signals across a synapse from one neuron to another. They are essential for the communication between neurons in the nervous system.

Question 16

While providing comfort to a client on anticholinergics,what intervention should the nurse avoid?

Accepted Answer

Alcohol-containing mouthwash can exacerbate the dry mouth side effect commonly associated with anticholinergic medications, making it an intervention to avoid.

Question 17

A client with asthma is using ipratropium (Atrovent),an anticholinergic.What is the most appropriate teaching point for this client?

Accepted Answer

Ipratropium can cause dry mouth and thickening of bronchial secretions, so it's important to stay hydrated, especially during outdoor activities which might exacerbate these effects. Limiting outside activity can help manage exposure to environmental triggers that could worsen asthma symptoms.

Question 18

Inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system is caused by which type of drug?

Accepted Answer

Adrenergic blockers inhibit the sympathetic nervous system by blocking adrenergic receptors, which are responsible for the effects of sympathetic neurotransmitters.

Question 19

The autonomic nervous system consists of which two subsystems? (Select all that apply.)Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

The autonomic nervous system is divided into two main subsystems: the parasympathetic nervous system (B), which is responsible for rest and digest functions, and the sympathetic nervous system (D), which is responsible for the body's fight or flight response.

Question 20

A client with chronic sinusitis complains of heart palpitations and nervousness following the use of pseudoephedrine (Afrin)nasal spray.The nurse recognizes that these side effects are the result of which classification of medication?

Accepted Answer

Pseudoephedrine (Afrin) is a sympathomimetic medication, which means it mimics the effects of the sympathetic nervous system, leading to increased heart rate and nervousness as side effects.

Quiz 9: Drugs Affecting Functions of the Autonomic Nervous System

The nurse is providing care to a client who has been prescribed a beta blocker.Which item in the client's history does the nurse suspect this medication has been prescribed to treat?

The nervous system consists of which two divisions? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

During discharge education,a nurse tells the client who is prescribed an adrenergic blocker to notify a healthcare provider before taking over-the-counter cold,cough,or sinus medication.Which condition does the nurse expect this client to have?

A client has been diagnosed with myasthenia gravis and is experiencing severe muscle weakness.The nurse teaches the client that these symptoms are occurring because of the destruction of what receptor?

The nurse knows that some sympathomimetic drugs stimulate which type of receptor that makes these drugs useful in treating asthma?

Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system is caused by which type(s) of drug? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

The client asks the nurse which medication on a family member's list is a beta-adrenergic blocker.What should be the nurse's reply?

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system is caused by which type(s) of drug? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

The somatic nervous system consists of nerves that provide what function?

When teaching a client about beta blockers,what should the nurse include in the teaching plan regarding what can occur with abrupt discontinuation?

Which nervous system is responsible for the fight-or-flight response?

A client with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is started on the alpha blocker,alfuzosin (Uroxatral) .The nurse knows it is important to inform the client of which possible side effect?

What are the two subtypes of norepinephrine receptors? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

What is the name of the chemicals that allow nerve impulses to cross the synaptic cleft?

While providing comfort to a client on anticholinergics,what intervention should the nurse avoid?

A client with asthma is using ipratropium (Atrovent) ,an anticholinergic.What is the most appropriate teaching point for this client?

Inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system is caused by which type of drug?

The autonomic nervous system consists of which two subsystems? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

A client with chronic sinusitis complains of heart palpitations and nervousness following the use of pseudoephedrine (Afrin) nasal spray.The nurse recognizes that these side effects are the result of which classification of medication?