Question 1

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving doxorubicin (Adriamycin).Which serious adverse effect will the nurse monitor this client for during the assessment?

Accepted Answer

Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) is known for its potential to cause cardiac toxicity, which can be a serious adverse effect. The nurse should monitor for signs of heart damage during treatment.

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a client who has a tumor.The client is confused and states,"the healthcare provider used another term and I just want to be sure we are all on the same page." Which term does the nurse anticipate that the healthcare provider used when talking with the client?

Accepted Answer

Neoplasm is a general term used to describe any new and abnormal growth, specifically one in which cell multiplication is uncontrolled and progressive. This term is often used interchangeably with "tumor" in a medical context, which is why the healthcare provider might have used it when discussing the client's condition.

Question 3

The nurse is reviewing methotrexate (Rheumatrex).Which types of tumors or cancers is this medication an effective part of the treatment regimen? (Select all that apply.)Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Methotrexate is used to treat various types of cancers, including bone cancers, head and neck cancers, lymphoma, and testicular cancer. It is not used for benign conditions, as benign tumors are non-cancerous.

Question 4

The nurse is distinguishing differences between malignant and benign tumors.Which tumors would the nurse include in the list of benign tumors? (Select all that apply.)Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Adenoma and Lipoma are types of benign tumors. Adenomas form in glandular epithelial tissue, and lipomas are made up of fat cells. Carcinoma, Sarcoma, and Melanoma are all types of malignant tumors, not benign.

Question 5

The client asks the nurse to explain ways to decrease the risk of cancer.Which items are appropriate for the nurse to include in client teaching? (Select all that apply.)Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Limiting or eliminating alcohol, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and eliminating tobacco use are all evidence-based strategies to decrease the risk of cancer. Drinking plenty of caffeinated beverages is not recognized as a way to reduce cancer risk.

Question 6

Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)has been prescribed orally for a client.What is the rationale for why this medication has been prescribed orally for this client?

Accepted Answer

Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) is one of the few anticancer drugs that are well absorbed when given orally, making it an effective route for administration in certain cases.

Question 7

The client asks the nurse what the possible treatments for cancer are.Which responses by the nurse are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery are common treatments for cancer. They are used to remove, kill, or damage cancer cells in a specific area. Diet restrictions and exercise might be part of a healthy lifestyle or supportive care during cancer treatment, but they are not direct treatments for cancer itself.

Question 8

The nurse is teaching a client about the adverse effects of anticancer drugs.Which topics should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Anticancer drugs often cause side effects due to their action on rapidly dividing cells. Fatigue is a common side effect because these drugs can affect energy levels and overall health. Alopecia, or hair loss, occurs because the drugs target rapidly dividing cells, including those in hair follicles. Anemia can result from the impact on bone marrow, leading to reduced red blood cell production. Increased appetite and weight gain are not typical side effects of anticancer drugs; in fact, patients may experience weight loss and decreased appetite.

Question 9

The nurse explains to the client why combination therapy and special dosing schedules are used to treat cancer.Which client response indicates the need for further teaching?

Accepted Answer

Combination therapy allows for the use of lower doses of each medication, reducing the risk of side effects and resistance, not higher doses.

Question 10

The nurse is teaching a client about the general goals of chemotherapy.What items should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Chemotherapy aims to control the spread of cancer, cure it when possible, and provide palliation to relieve symptoms. Prevention and extinction are not general goals of chemotherapy.

Question 11

The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with Kaposi sarcoma.Which medication does the nurse anticipate to be included in the plan of care?

Accepted Answer

Interferon alfa-2 (Roferon A) is used in the treatment of Kaposi sarcoma, particularly in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma.

Question 12

A client is diagnosed with bone cancer,and is placed on methotrexate (Mexate).What is the correct classification for this medication?

Accepted Answer

Methotrexate is classified as an antimetabolite. It works by inhibiting the metabolism of folic acid, which is necessary for the synthesis of DNA and RNA, thereby inhibiting cell replication. This makes it effective in treating certain types of cancer, including bone cancer, by targeting rapidly dividing cells.

Question 13

A client recently diagnosed with ovarian cancer is concerned about alopecia while taking cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan).Which response by the client reflects understanding of the teaching of cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)?

Accepted Answer

Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) can cause alopecia (hair loss) as a side effect, but the hair loss is usually temporary, and hair often grows back after the treatment is completed.

Question 14

A client with breast cancer is started on chemotherapy.Her daughter is started on the same drug prophylactically.The daughter is considered high risk for developing breast cancer.Which medication does the nurse anticipate has been prescribed to both the client and her daughter?

Accepted Answer

Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) is used both as a treatment for breast cancer and prophylactically in high-risk individuals to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer.

Question 15

The nurse educates the client on possible side effects of chemotherapy.What should not be included in the teaching?

Accepted Answer

Increased red blood cells is not a typical side effect of chemotherapy. Chemotherapy often leads to decreased red blood cell counts (anemia), not an increase.

Question 16

A client asks whether a benign tumor is cancerous.What is the best response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Benign tumors are not cancerous. They typically grow slowly and do not spread to other parts of the body, which often means they do not require drug treatment for cancer.

Question 17

The nurse is providing education to a client who has recently been diagnosed with cancer.Which statements are true regarding cancer cells? (Select all that apply.)Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Accepted Answer

Cancer cells can metastasize, lose normal functions, and result from genetic damage affecting cell growth. They typically divide rapidly and can invade surrounding tissues.

Question 18

The nurse is caring for a client who experiences nausea and vomiting with each treatment of chemotherapy.What should the nurse advise the client to do to decrease nausea and vomiting?

Accepted Answer

Taking antiemetic medications prior to treatment can help decrease nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy. These medications are designed to prevent or reduce nausea and vomiting by blocking the signals to the brain that trigger these symptoms.

Question 19

A client with hairy cell leukemia complains of flu-like symptoms including fever,chill,dizziness,and fatigue during the first few weeks of chemotherapy.Which medication on the client's medication administration record (MAR)does the nurse anticipate is causing these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Interferon alfa-2 (Roferon A) is known to cause flu-like symptoms including fever, chills, dizziness, and fatigue, especially during the initial stages of treatment. These symptoms are common side effects of interferon therapy.

Question 20

The client asks the nurse why cancer is difficult to cure.Which statement by the nurse is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Cancer treatment often requires the removal or destruction of every cancer cell to achieve a cure. If any cancer cells are left behind, they can potentially grow and lead to a recurrence of the disease. This makes cancer difficult to cure, as ensuring every single cancer cell is eradicated can be challenging, especially in advanced stages or with cancers that spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body.

Quiz 29: Drugs for Neoplasia

The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving doxorubicin (Adriamycin) .Which serious adverse effect will the nurse monitor this client for during the assessment?

The nurse is caring for a client who has a tumor.The client is confused and states,"the healthcare provider used another term and I just want to be sure we are all on the same page." Which term does the nurse anticipate that the healthcare provider used when talking with the client?

The nurse is reviewing methotrexate (Rheumatrex) .Which types of tumors or cancers is this medication an effective part of the treatment regimen? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

The nurse is distinguishing differences between malignant and benign tumors.Which tumors would the nurse include in the list of benign tumors? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

The client asks the nurse to explain ways to decrease the risk of cancer.Which items are appropriate for the nurse to include in client teaching? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) has been prescribed orally for a client.What is the rationale for why this medication has been prescribed orally for this client?

The client asks the nurse what the possible treatments for cancer are.Which responses by the nurse are appropriate? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

The nurse is teaching a client about the adverse effects of anticancer drugs.Which topics should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

The nurse explains to the client why combination therapy and special dosing schedules are used to treat cancer.Which client response indicates the need for further teaching?

The nurse is teaching a client about the general goals of chemotherapy.What items should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

The nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with Kaposi sarcoma.Which medication does the nurse anticipate to be included in the plan of care?

A client is diagnosed with bone cancer,and is placed on methotrexate (Mexate) .What is the correct classification for this medication?

A client recently diagnosed with ovarian cancer is concerned about alopecia while taking cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) .Which response by the client reflects understanding of the teaching of cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) ?

A client with breast cancer is started on chemotherapy.Her daughter is started on the same drug prophylactically.The daughter is considered high risk for developing breast cancer.Which medication does the nurse anticipate has been prescribed to both the client and her daughter?

The nurse educates the client on possible side effects of chemotherapy.What should not be included in the teaching?

A client asks whether a benign tumor is cancerous.What is the best response by the nurse?

The nurse is providing education to a client who has recently been diagnosed with cancer.Which statements are true regarding cancer cells? (Select all that apply.) Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

The nurse is caring for a client who experiences nausea and vomiting with each treatment of chemotherapy.What should the nurse advise the client to do to decrease nausea and vomiting?

A client with hairy cell leukemia complains of flu-like symptoms including fever,chill,dizziness,and fatigue during the first few weeks of chemotherapy.Which medication on the client's medication administration record (MAR) does the nurse anticipate is causing these symptoms?

The client asks the nurse why cancer is difficult to cure.Which statement by the nurse is the most appropriate?