Question 1

Though it appears to be negative,guilt can actually serve to protect and strengthen our interpersonal relationships.All of the following are examples of this protective concept
EXCEPT when guilt
A) discourages people from doing things that harm their relationships.
B) is used to manipulate others.
C) demonstrates that people care about their partners.
D) encourages people to be honest in their relationships.

Accepted Answer

Guilt serves a protective role in relationships by discouraging harmful actions, demonstrating care, and encouraging honesty. However, using guilt to manipulate others does not protect or strengthen relationships; instead, it can undermine trust and respect.

Question 2

Magda blushes any time she makes even a slight social error.Magda thinks this makes her unskilled in social situations and would love to be able to stop.The best information you can
Give Magda is to tell her that people who blush do just fine in social situations because they
A) actually have better social skills.
B) are more empathetic.
C) look more attractive to the people around them.
D) are more easily forgiven when they make a mistake.

Accepted Answer

Blushing can signal remorse or embarrassment, which often elicits sympathy from others, making them more inclined to forgive social faux pas. This response can facilitate smoother social interactions despite the initial error.

Question 3

You are taking part in an experiment on emotions.You are shown an isolated face and are certain that the face is expressing sadness.Then you are shown the same sad face paired
With a fearful body posture.According to the research,how will you categorize the emotion?
A) as sadness
B) as fear
C) as surprise
D) as anger

Accepted Answer

When a face expressing sadness is paired with a body showing fear, research suggests that the overall emotion is more likely to be categorized based on the body's expression, in this case, fear. This is due to the body's posture providing additional context that influences the perception of the emotion.

Question 4

What key feature helps us tell the difference between a genuine smile and a fake smile?
A) a crease appears on the forehead
B) the corners of the mouth curve up
C) most of the top teeth show
D) a small crinkle appears at the corners of the eyes

Accepted Answer

A genuine smile, often called a Duchenne smile, involves the contraction of the orbicularis oculi muscle, which produces the characteristic crinkles at the corners of the eyes. This is not typically present in a fake smile.

Question 5

Researchers have found that the physical expression of pride tends to be more biologically based than culturally specific.Each of the following research findings support this claim
EXCEPT
A) both sighted and blind athletes show very similar expressions of pride when they win.
B) populations with minimal Western contact can accurately identify physical expressions of pride.
C) young children are able to recognize when a person is expressing pride.
D) people in isolated communities cannot identify expressions of pride on the faces of people who are outside of their culture.

Accepted Answer

Options A, B, and C all support the idea that expressions of pride are universal and not solely learned through cultural exposure, indicating a biological basis. Option D suggests a cultural limitation in recognizing pride, which contradicts the claim of biological basis.

Question 6

Paloma's parents spent a great deal of time with her when she was growing up;they always made her feel loved and valued.Erhard's parents loved him,but they were always busy and
Distant.As an adult,who is likely to experience more guilt,and why?
A) Erhard,because he never felt secure attachment
B) Paloma,because she has likely developed a greater ability to empathize with others
C) Erhard,because he never feels valued or important
D) Paloma,because she feels obligated to repay her parents

Accepted Answer

The answer of Paloma's parents spent a great deal of...

Question 7

When Ellen learns that her roommate will be an international student from Britain, she is worried that her roommate will be stiff and reserved.Ellen is surprised when
Diana turns out to be upbeat and friendly.Diana's behavior goes against Ellen's beliefs
About how people from Britain express emotions and has violated her
A) ability to read facial expressions.
B) cultural display rules.
C) affect-as-information theory.
D) emotional judgment.

Accepted Answer

Ellen's surprise at Diana's behavior indicates that her expectations about British people's emotional expressions were based on cultural stereotypes. Cultural display rules refer to the norms within specific cultures that dictate how emotions should be expressed. Diana's upbeat and friendly demeanor contradicted Ellen's expectations of British reserve, thus violating her cultural display rules.

Question 8

People from a variety of cultures are able to look at facial expressions and identify emotions like happiness and surprise.This evidence that facial expressions for emotions
Are universal suggests that
A) cross-culturally,we learn how to express emotions in the same way.
B) children learn how to express emotion by watching others.
C) facial expression of emotions is biologically built in.
D) evolution impacts the facial expressions we make when we experience emotions.

Accepted Answer

Facial expressions for emotions being recognized universally suggests that these expressions are biologically built in, rather than learned through cultural or social means.

Question 9

Your sister complains that she hates how she feels guilty all the time.To cheer her up, you want to tell her about the ways in which guilt can be adaptive.Which of the following
Things would you tell her?
A) Guilt strengthens relationships by showing that you care about the other person.
B) Only survivor guilt can have negative psychological consequences.
C) Guilt is adaptive,unless you are not responsible for the negative outcome.
D) Feeling guilt signals that you are an emotionally healthy member of society.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your sister complains that she hates how...

Question 10

Donato and Quincy are identical twins who were separated at birth.Donato tends to be fearful of many things.According to the research on genetics and negative emotions,you
Would expect Quincy to have ________ levels of fear.
A) high
B) low
C) absent
D) unpredictable

Accepted Answer

Research on genetics and negative emotions suggests that identical twins, who share the same genetic makeup, often exhibit similar levels of negative emotions such as fear. Therefore, if Donato tends to be fearful of many things, it is likely that Quincy would also exhibit high levels of fear due to their shared genetics.

Question 11

Tamera and Kai found a house they want to buy.The day they found it,they had been having a wonderful time house hunting and planning their life together.A few days later,after having
A miserable day at work,Kai goes back to look at the house again.Tamera predicts that Kai
Will like the house ________ because of ________.
A) more;distraction
B) more;reappraisal
C) less;affect-as-information theory
D) less;rumination

Accepted Answer

Affect-as-information theory suggests that our current emotions can influence our perceptions and judgments. Since Kai is having a miserable day, his negative emotions might lead him to like the house less.

Question 12

You are planning an upcoming trip to Namibia for a service project.The research on facial expressions and emotion would suggest you should
A) take care because the Namibians will not be able to read your facial expressions.
B) assume that you are reading the Namibians' facial expressions accurately.
C) not worry about how to communicate with the Namibian people.
D) not worry about misinterpretation because all expressions are recognized in every culture.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that many facial expressions related to basic emotions are universally recognized, so you can generally assume that you are reading the Namibians' facial expressions accurately.

Question 13

Cole gets easily embarrassed in social situations.He is worried that this trait will hurt his relationships and social interactions.Following psychological theories on embarrassment,what
Should you tell him?
A) Showing embarrassment just highlights the awkward situation and makes it worse.
B) Showing embarrassment helps interpersonal awkwardness and strengthens relationships.
C) Showing embarrassment helps close relationships but does not help casual encounters.
D) Showing embarrassment is only considered a nonverbal apology if a person also blushes.

Accepted Answer

Showing embarrassment can actually be beneficial in social interactions. It signals to others that one recognizes a social norm has been violated and cares about the social bonds, which can help in repairing and strengthening relationships. This is because embarrassment and the associated behaviors (like blushing, avoiding eye contact, or awkward laughter) are often interpreted as signs of sincerity and remorse, making social interactions more forgiving and understanding.

Question 14

Japanese students were shown film clips designed to provoke strong emotions.When Toko watched the clip with other people present,she showed little outward emotion.
When Toko watched the clips alone,she showed the same strong emotions observed
In American college students.The difference in what Toko considers to be acceptable
Emotional expression shows the influence of
A) display rules.
B) cues from the experimenter.
C) responding to interpersonal rather than intrapersonal factors.
D) emotional conformity.

Accepted Answer

The difference in Toko's emotional expression when alone versus when with others reflects the influence of display rules, which are culturally determined norms for when, how, and to whom emotions can be shown.

Question 15

Aman and Pavan are identical twins who were separated at birth.Whenever something goes wrong (even when it is not his fault),Pavan always feels guilty about it.According to the
Research on genetics and negative emotions,you would expect Aman to show ________
Levels of guilt.
A) high
B) low
C) absent
D) unpredictable

Accepted Answer

The answer of Aman and Pavan are identical twins who...

Question 16

Jake and Juanita have been married for 10 years,but Jake has been tempted to have an extramarital affair.Which emotion might help Jake protect and strengthen his relationship by
Discouraging him from doing things that harm people?
A) sadness
B) remorse
C) excitement
D) guilt

Accepted Answer

Guilt can discourage Jake from engaging in actions that could harm his relationship, as it involves recognizing the potential negative impact of his actions on others.

Question 17

For evolutionary reasons,men and woman may vary in their expression of emotions. For example,men are more likely to express ________,whereas women are more likely
To express ________.
A) defensiveness;nurturance
B) nurturance;defensiveness
C) caregiving;anger
D) anger;dominance

Accepted Answer

Men are often more likely to express defensiveness, a form of protecting ego and status, while women are more likely to express nurturance, which involves caring and supporting others. This difference can be attributed to traditional gender roles and evolutionary pressures.

Question 18

Sydney,who is currently in a good mood,has been asked about her life satisfaction. According to the affect-as-information theory,Sydney will most likely respond that she
A) cannot answer without thinking for a while about all aspects of her life.
B) is generally unhappy with her life.
C) is generally happy with her life.
D) does not feel happy or unhappy.

Accepted Answer

The affect-as-information theory suggests that people use their current emotions as a basis to make judgments and decisions about their lives in the absence of more detailed information. Since Sydney is in a good mood, she is likely to interpret her life satisfaction positively, leading her to respond that she is generally happy with her life.

Question 19

Shyla is considering going to the Halloween dance.She thinks about how she would feel regret if she did not attend,and she thinks about how she would be happy and excited to hang
Out with her friends if she did attend,so she decides to go.This example illustrates how
A) anticipating emotions helps us make decisions.
B) the affect-as-information theory works.
C) current moods help us make judgments.
D) display rules change our actions.

Accepted Answer

Anticipating emotions helps us make decisions because Shyla is considering her future feelings of regret if she doesn't go and happiness if she does, which influences her decision to attend the dance.

Question 20

While explaining affect-as-information theory to her roommate,Bianca should most likely say that we use
A) current moods to make judgments,even if we do not know the source of our moods.
B) prior moods to make judgments,even if we do not know the source of our moods.
C) current moods to make judgments,but only if we know the source of our moods.
D) prior moods to make judgments,but only if we know the source of our moods.

Accepted Answer

Affect-as-information theory suggests that individuals use their current moods to inform their judgments and decisions, even when they are unaware of the mood's source.

Quiz 9: Motivation and Emotion

Though it appears to be negative,guilt can actually serve to protect and strengthen our interpersonal relationships.All of the following are examples of this protective concept EXCEPT when guilt

Magda blushes any time she makes even a slight social error.Magda thinks this makes her unskilled in social situations and would love to be able to stop.The best information you can Give Magda is to tell her that people who blush do just fine in social situations because they

You are taking part in an experiment on emotions.You are shown an isolated face and are certain that the face is expressing sadness.Then you are shown the same sad face paired With a fearful body posture.According to the research,how will you categorize the emotion?

What key feature helps us tell the difference between a genuine smile and a fake smile?

Researchers have found that the physical expression of pride tends to be more biologically based than culturally specific.Each of the following research findings support this claim EXCEPT

Paloma's parents spent a great deal of time with her when she was growing up;they always made her feel loved and valued.Erhard's parents loved him,but they were always busy and Distant.As an adult,who is likely to experience more guilt,and why?

People from a variety of cultures are able to look at facial expressions and identify emotions like happiness and surprise.This evidence that facial expressions for emotions Are universal suggests that

Your sister complains that she hates how she feels guilty all the time.To cheer her up, you want to tell her about the ways in which guilt can be adaptive.Which of the following Things would you tell her?

Donato and Quincy are identical twins who were separated at birth.Donato tends to be fearful of many things.According to the research on genetics and negative emotions,you Would expect Quincy to have ________ levels of fear.

You are planning an upcoming trip to Namibia for a service project.The research on facial expressions and emotion would suggest you should

Cole gets easily embarrassed in social situations.He is worried that this trait will hurt his relationships and social interactions.Following psychological theories on embarrassment,what Should you tell him?

Aman and Pavan are identical twins who were separated at birth.Whenever something goes wrong (even when it is not his fault) ,Pavan always feels guilty about it.According to the Research on genetics and negative emotions,you would expect Aman to show ________ Levels of guilt.

Jake and Juanita have been married for 10 years,but Jake has been tempted to have an extramarital affair.Which emotion might help Jake protect and strengthen his relationship by Discouraging him from doing things that harm people?

For evolutionary reasons,men and woman may vary in their expression of emotions. For example,men are more likely to express ,whereas women are more likely To express .

Sydney,who is currently in a good mood,has been asked about her life satisfaction. According to the affect-as-information theory,Sydney will most likely respond that she

Shyla is considering going to the Halloween dance.She thinks about how she would feel regret if she did not attend,and she thinks about how she would be happy and excited to hang Out with her friends if she did attend,so she decides to go.This example illustrates how

While explaining affect-as-information theory to her roommate,Bianca should most likely say that we use