Question 1

Karl was posting signs on campus and he ran out of tape to put up the last sign.He could not figure out another way to put up the sign even though he was chewing gum and could
Have used the gum to put up the sign.Karl most likely did not come up with this solution
Because of
A) framing.
B) functional fixedness.
C) restructuring.
D) lack of insight.

Accepted Answer

Karl likely did not consider using his chewing gum as an adhesive due to functional fixedness, which is a cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used. This prevented him from seeing the gum as a potential solution for his problem.

Question 2

Annie needs to take her cat to the vet but she does not have a carrier.She remembers that once she took her guinea pig to the vet in a pot.But she knows the cat will not fit in a pot,so
She cannot use this strategy.Annie is having a hard time solving the problem because of
A) poor insight.
B) a mental set.
C) subgoals.
D) framing.

Accepted Answer

Annie is experiencing difficulty because she is stuck in a mental set, which is a tendency to approach situations in a certain way because that method worked in the past. In this case, she is fixated on the idea of transporting her pet in a container similar to a pot because it worked with her guinea pig, even though it's not a suitable solution for her cat.

Question 3

You are studying for your exam when the electricity goes out.In order to have enough light to read your textbook,you put your cell phone in front of the page and use the light from
The screen to read the book.You are able to successfully study for your exam because
You avoid
A) restructuring the problem.
B) functional fixedness.
C) working backward.
D) using analogies.

Accepted Answer

You are able to successfully study for your exam because you avoid functional fixedness, which is the inability to see an object being used for something other than what it was designed for. In this case, you used your cell phone's light, an object not primarily designed as a light source, to illuminate your textbook.

Question 4

The idea that one single intelligence factor contributes to performance on all intellectual tasks is known as the ________ intelligence theory.
A) general
B) single
C) fluid
D) crystallized

Accepted Answer

The general intelligence theory, proposed by Charles Spearman, suggests that a single factor, known as "g" or general intelligence, underlies individual performance across a variety of cognitive tasks.

Question 5

When John uses his knowledge to reason,make decisions,and adapt to environmental challenges,he is
A) showing intelligence.
B) avoiding a mental set.
C) showing insight.
D) avoiding functional fixedness.

Accepted Answer

Intelligence involves the ability to reason, make decisions, and adapt to environmental challenges, which is what John is doing. Insight and avoiding mental set or functional fixedness are more specific cognitive processes or obstacles.

Question 6

If you can make decisions,solve problems,learn quickly,and adapt to changes in the environment,you probably have a
A) low level of intelligence.
B) high level of intelligence.
C) high level of insight.
D) low level of insight.

Accepted Answer

The ability to make decisions, solve problems, learn quickly, and adapt to changes in the environment are characteristics associated with a high level of intelligence.

Question 7

Terry is making a multilayer wedding cake.While trying to make sure it does not collapse, he remembers a bridge he saw that had an interesting support system.He applies that
Support system to the cake structure to make sure it does not collapse.Terry ________
To solve his problem.
A) worked backward
B) used an analogy
C) used insight
D) created subgoals

Accepted Answer

Terry applied a concept from one domain (bridge support system) to a different domain (cake structure), which is an example of using an analogy to solve a problem.

Question 8

Josh is having trouble deciding which of two pairs of shoes to buy.Donna tells him that when she could not decide which of two sweaters to buy,she decided to buy both sweaters.
Josh realizes that buying both pairs of shoes will solve his problem as well.Josh ________
To solve his problem.
A) worked backward
B) used insight
C) overcame a mental set
D) used an analogy

Accepted Answer

Josh used an analogy by applying Donna's solution to his own situation, comparing the decision-making process about sweaters to his about shoes.

Question 9

You get to your car and realize you have lost your keys.So you think of the last time you saw your keys and retrace your steps from that point.You are using the problem-solving
Technique of ________ to help find your keys.
A) subgoals
B) working backward
C) analogy
D) sudden insight

Accepted Answer

Working backward is a problem-solving strategy where you start with the goal (in this case, the last known location of the keys) and work in reverse to figure out the steps needed to reach the starting point. This method is particularly useful when the path to the solution is unclear, as it helps to retrace steps to find where the problem (or in this case, the lost keys) might have started.

Question 10

When we encounter a difficult problem,thinking about the problem in a new way can help solve it.This technique is known as
A) using a mental set.
B) functional fixedness.
C) restructuring.
D) using an analogy.

Accepted Answer

Restructuring involves looking at a problem from a new perspective or in a new way, which can lead to a solution. It's a cognitive process that allows us to break free from the constraints of our initial thinking and approach a problem differently.

Question 11

While moving into a new apartment,Cole needed to hold the door open but he did not have a doorstop.Instead,he used his heavy potted plant to prop open the door.Cole solved
This problem by
A) overcoming functional fixedness.
B) framing.
C) restructuring.
D) using a mental set.

Accepted Answer

Cole overcame functional fixedness by using the potted plant for a purpose other than its conventional use, which is to hold a plant. Functional fixedness is the inability to see an object being used for something other than what it was designed for, and by using the potted plant as a doorstop, Cole demonstrated his ability to see beyond the traditional use of the potted plant.

Question 12

If you have a higher level of general intelligence,you are also likely to have better
A) parenting skills.
B) interpersonal relationships.
C) physical health.
D) emotional regulation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you have a higher level of...

Question 13

Mr.O'Neil,a high school math teacher,believes that students who are good at math will also be good in English,history,and music.Mr.O'Neil's belief most closely resembles the
________ intelligence theory.
A) triarchic
B) general
C) multiple
D) emotional

Accepted Answer

Mr. O'Neil's belief aligns with the general intelligence theory, which posits that a single, general intelligence underlies an individual's performance across a variety of domains. This theory suggests that someone who is good in one area (like math) will also tend to be good in other areas (like English, history, and music), due to this overarching general intelligence.

Question 14

Cara is a mechanic.She fixes three cars that will not start by replacing their batteries. When a fourth car is brought in and will not start,she assumes the problem is the battery.
Cara's assumption is based on
A) functional fixedness.
B) restructuring.
C) a mental set.
D) an analogy.

Accepted Answer

Cara's assumption is based on a mental set, which is a tendency to approach situations in a certain way because that method worked in the past. Since replacing the batteries worked for the previous three cars, she assumes it will work again without considering other possibilities.

Question 15

Fred wants to be a lawyer.To achieve this goal,Fred realizes he will have to graduate from law school.He also knows that to go to law school,he will have to graduate from college.So,
He decides that his first step toward his goal of being a lawyer is to apply to college.To solve
His problem,Fred is using
A) an analogy.
B) working backward.
C) insight.
D) subgoals.

Accepted Answer

Fred is using subgoals, which involves breaking down the primary goal into smaller, more manageable goals or steps. In this case, his ultimate goal is to become a lawyer, and he identifies graduating from college as a necessary step before attending law school, which is a subgoal on the path to his ultimate goal.

Question 16

Our ability to learn quickly,understand complex ideas,and use knowledge to solve problems demonstrates
A) informal reasoning.
B) intelligence.
C) insight.
D) formal reasoning.

Accepted Answer

Intelligence is the ability to learn quickly, understand complex ideas, and use knowledge to solve problems.

Question 17

There are three common strategies for revising mental representations.Which of the following correctly pairs the strategy with an example of that strategy?
A) restructuring;the nine-dot-problem
B) mental sets;the dunker candle task
C) mental sets;the nine-dot-problem
D) restructuring;the dunker candle task

Accepted Answer

Restructuring involves changing the way a problem is represented in the mind, as in the nine-dot problem, where one must think outside the box to solve it.

Question 18

Mary does well in both math and science.According to general intelligence theory,Mary's performance in literature and history should be ________ how she does in math and science.
A) worse than
B) completely unrelated to
C) as good as
D) much better than

Accepted Answer

General intelligence theory posits that an individual's performance across different cognitive domains is correlated, suggesting that if Mary does well in math and science, she should also perform well in literature and history.

Question 19

There are three common strategies for revising mental representations.Which of the following correctly pairs the strategy with an example of that strategy?
A) restructuring;novel-uses task
B) functional fixedness;the dunker candle task
C) mental sets;the nine-dot-problem
D) insight;working backward

Accepted Answer

The answer of There are three common strategies for revising...

Question 20

The main concept of general intelligence theory is that
A) one factor underlies intelligence.
B) there are three different types of intelligence.
C) there are two types of intelligence.
D) intelligence is too general to measure accurately.

Accepted Answer

The main concept of general intelligence theory, proposed by Charles Spearman, is that a single factor, which he termed "g" for general intelligence, underlies many different kinds of cognitive abilities, suggesting that individuals who are good at one type of cognitive task tend to be good at others as well.

Quiz 8: Thinking and Intelligence

Karl was posting signs on campus and he ran out of tape to put up the last sign.He could not figure out another way to put up the sign even though he was chewing gum and could Have used the gum to put up the sign.Karl most likely did not come up with this solution Because of

Annie needs to take her cat to the vet but she does not have a carrier.She remembers that once she took her guinea pig to the vet in a pot.But she knows the cat will not fit in a pot,so She cannot use this strategy.Annie is having a hard time solving the problem because of

You are studying for your exam when the electricity goes out.In order to have enough light to read your textbook,you put your cell phone in front of the page and use the light from The screen to read the book.You are able to successfully study for your exam because You avoid

The idea that one single intelligence factor contributes to performance on all intellectual tasks is known as the ________ intelligence theory.

When John uses his knowledge to reason,make decisions,and adapt to environmental challenges,he is

If you can make decisions,solve problems,learn quickly,and adapt to changes in the environment,you probably have a

Terry is making a multilayer wedding cake.While trying to make sure it does not collapse, he remembers a bridge he saw that had an interesting support system.He applies that Support system to the cake structure to make sure it does not collapse.Terry ________ To solve his problem.

Josh is having trouble deciding which of two pairs of shoes to buy.Donna tells him that when she could not decide which of two sweaters to buy,she decided to buy both sweaters. Josh realizes that buying both pairs of shoes will solve his problem as well.Josh ________ To solve his problem.

You get to your car and realize you have lost your keys.So you think of the last time you saw your keys and retrace your steps from that point.You are using the problem-solving Technique of ________ to help find your keys.

When we encounter a difficult problem,thinking about the problem in a new way can help solve it.This technique is known as

While moving into a new apartment,Cole needed to hold the door open but he did not have a doorstop.Instead,he used his heavy potted plant to prop open the door.Cole solved This problem by

If you have a higher level of general intelligence,you are also likely to have better

Mr.O'Neil,a high school math teacher,believes that students who are good at math will also be good in English,history,and music.Mr.O'Neil's belief most closely resembles the ________ intelligence theory.

Cara is a mechanic.She fixes three cars that will not start by replacing their batteries. When a fourth car is brought in and will not start,she assumes the problem is the battery. Cara's assumption is based on

Our ability to learn quickly,understand complex ideas,and use knowledge to solve problems demonstrates

There are three common strategies for revising mental representations.Which of the following correctly pairs the strategy with an example of that strategy?

Mary does well in both math and science.According to general intelligence theory,Mary's performance in literature and history should be ________ how she does in math and science.

There are three common strategies for revising mental representations.Which of the following correctly pairs the strategy with an example of that strategy?

The main concept of general intelligence theory is that