Question 1

Research studies suggest that the parts of the brain that underlie rational decision-making,impulse control,and self-regulation do not fully mature until approximately the mid-twenties.

Accepted Answer

Research studies do suggest that the parts of the brain responsible for rational decision-making, impulse control, and self-regulation continue to develop until the mid-twenties, indicating that they do not fully mature until that time.

Question 2

Women feel more conflict between family and work roles than men.

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have shown that women experience more conflict between their family responsibilities and work obligations than men. Factors that contribute to this conflict can include societal expectations about gender roles, a lack of support for working mothers, and workplace policies that do not accommodate the needs of employees with caregiving responsibilities.

Question 3

Family has a significant influence on the occupational choice made by a young adult.

Accepted Answer

Family plays a major role in shaping the values, beliefs, and attitudes of young adults, which in turn can impact their occupational choices. Family members can provide guidance, encouragement, or discourage certain career paths based on their own experiences, expectations, or cultural norms. Additionally, parents may provide financial support or connections that can also influence an individual's decision. Therefore, family can have a significant impact on the occupational choices of young adults.

Question 4

According to social role theory,mate selection is driven by gender based social rules and role expectations more than any other factor.

Accepted Answer

Social role theory proposes that gender-based social rules and role expectations determine many aspects of human behavior, including mate selection. This means that, in many societies, men and women are expected to conform to certain roles, behaviors, and preferences when choosing a mate. These gender-based expectations may vary depending on the cultural context, but they can include factors such as financial status, physical appearance, age, and personality traits. Therefore, according to social role theory, mate selection is driven more by gender-based social rules and roles than by other factors such as personal preferences or biological instincts.

Question 5

Roisman's research suggests that the most significant and complex developmental domain that young adults must master is work-related skills and adjustments.

Accepted Answer

Roisman's research suggests that the most significant and complex developmental domain that young adults must master is forming intimate relationships, not work-related skills and adjustments.

Question 6

Research has indicated that gay and lesbian relationships show nearly identical patterns and roles as heterosexual couples.

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have found that gay and lesbian relationships demonstrate similar patterns of satisfaction, commitment, and communication as heterosexual relationships. Overall, factors such as mutual respect and supportive communication are crucial for the success of any relationship, regardless of sexual orientation.

Question 7

As a sociodemographic trend,the number of intermarriages of visible minorities has increased more than threefold over the past 25 years in Canada.

Accepted Answer

According to Statistics Canada, the number of intermarriages of visible minorities has indeed increased more than threefold over the past 25 years in Canada.

Question 8

Women have more close friends than men.

Accepted Answer

Research on social relationships suggests that women and men have similar numbers of close friends, though women may have more intimate and emotionally supportive friendships.

Question 9

Doing things together is an essential component of adult women's friendships,and emotional support is an essential component of adult men's relationships.

Accepted Answer

While it is true that many women prioritize shared experiences and quality time together in their friendships, and many men value emotional support in their relationships, these are not fixed gender norms or universal patterns. Friendship and intimacy can take many forms across genders and individuals.

Question 10

Women who continue to try to fulfill several roles perfectly report maximum strain and stress.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that women who try to fulfill multiple roles perfectly (such as being a perfect mother, wife, employee, homemaker, etc.) experience the most strain and stress. It is important for women to try to find a balance and prioritize their roles to avoid excessive stress.

Question 11

Cross-sex friendships are more common among adults than they are among 10-year-olds.

Accepted Answer

As individuals mature, societal norms and personal comfort levels with the opposite sex evolve, making cross-sex friendships more common and socially accepted among adults compared to children, who often adhere to more rigid gender-based groupings in their social interactions.

Question 12

One of the greatest predictive factors for the high divorce rates among cohabitating couples who later marry is the number of prior cohabiting or sexual relationships each participant has engaged in.

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

Assortative mating,or homogamy,is the theory that opposites attract.

Accepted Answer

Assortative mating, or homogamy, actually suggests that individuals tend to partner with others who are similar to themselves in various ways, such as in age, education level, socioeconomic status, and personality traits.

Question 14

Levinson's life structures concept proposes that individuals must master a stage-related psychosocial task and that each stage's task builds on the successful completion of earlier stages.

Accepted Answer

Levinson's life structures concept does not propose that individuals must master a stage-related psychosocial task with each stage building on the successful completion of earlier stages; this description more accurately reflects Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. Levinson's theory focuses on the concept of life structures, which are primarily shaped by the individual's choices and societal influences, and it involves transitions and "seasons" of life rather than stage-related tasks.

Question 15

Family roles often spill over into a woman's work life,but work roles are more likely to spill over into a man's family life.

Accepted Answer

This is due to traditional gender roles that assign women the primary responsibility of caregiving and household duties, while men are expected to prioritize their career and work outside of the home. As a result, women are more likely to carry the emotional labor of their family responsibilities into their work life, while men are expected to compartmentalize their work and personal lives.

Question 16

Parental investment theory suggests that women choose mates after only carefully screening their commitment to parenting.

Accepted Answer

Parental investment theory suggests that women are more selective in mate choice due to their higher biological investment in offspring, but it does not imply that women only screen for commitment to parenting. They also consider other factors such as resources, status, and genetic quality.

Question 17

Compared to men,the work pattern of adult women is more likely to be interrupted or discontinuous.

Accepted Answer

This is true. Women are more likely to take breaks in their careers to care for family members, have maternity leave or take on part-time work to balance work and family responsibilities. This makes their work pattern more interrupted and discontinuous compared to men.

Question 18

Rather than stages,Levinson's theory proposes that a person's life structures (roles,relationships,etc.)change over the course of adulthood presenting new developmental tasks and conflicts along the way.

Accepted Answer

Levinson's theory proposes that a person's life structures change and present new developmental tasks and conflicts, without being strictly divided into stages.

Question 19

Psychologist Jeffrey Arnett has proposed that the educational,social,and economic demands that modern cultures make on young adults have given rise to a new developmental period called delayed adolescence.

Accepted Answer

Jeffrey Arnett proposed the concept of "emerging adulthood," not delayed adolescence, to describe the phase of life between adolescence and full-fledged adulthood.

Question 20

In Canada,the divorce rate for those who lived together before marriage is double that of those who did not cohabit before marriage.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that the divorce rate is higher for couples who lived together before getting married in Canada. The exact figures can vary depending on the study, but research has consistently found that cohabitation is associated with a higher risk of divorce.

Quiz 14: Social and Personality Development in Early Adulthood