Question 1

The ability of the brain to reorganize brain structures in response to experience is called
A) myelinization.
B) synaptogenesis.
C) reticularization.
D) neuroplasticity.

Accepted Answer

neuroplasticity.

Question 2

The process by which an infant's and child's bones harden is
A) ossification.
B) fontanel formation.
C) fusion.
D) myelinization.

Accepted Answer

ossification.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about colic?
A) The colic condition typically begins at about two weeks of age and then disappears spontaneously at three or four months of age.
B) Colic is a pattern of intense, daily periods of crying for three or more hours per day, typically in the late afternoon or early evening.
C) Almost all infants develop colic.
D) The cause of colic is not known.

Accepted Answer

Almost all infants develop colic.

Question 4

The process by which unused or unnecessary neural pathways and connections are eliminated is called
A) adaptive pruning.
B) synaptogenesis.
C) synaptic pruning.
D) myelinization.

Accepted Answer

synaptic pruning.

Question 5

What is the process in neuronal development in which a sheath covers individual axons and electrically insulates them from one another to improve the conductivity of the nerve?
A) reticularization
B) myelinization
C) synaptic reconstruction
D) neuroplasticity

Accepted Answer

myelinization

Question 6

An infant's sleep/wake cycle lasts approximately
A) 2 hours.
B) 8 hours.
C) 4 to 6 hours.
D) 30 to 45 minutes.

Accepted Answer

2 hours.

Question 7

At age 2,Susie is 90 cm tall.We can predict that when she is an adult,Susie will be ________ tall.
A) 180 cm
B) 165 cm
C) 150 cm
D) 200 cm

Accepted Answer

180 cm

Question 8

Which of the following abilities does a neonate have?
A) the ability to select a preferred toy from other toys by touch
B) the ability to focus on an object within an 8- to 10-foot range
C) the ability to visually track a fast-moving object
D) the ability to recognize his or her mother's face and smell

Accepted Answer

the ability to recognize his or her mother's face and smell

Question 9

The process of synaptogenesis followed by pruning in response to experience in infancy means all of the following EXCEPT that
A) the first two years are critical times for children to have both stimulation and order in their environments.
B) nutrition is vitally important during infancy.
C) the infant brain is more "plastic," or can be reorganized more effectively, in infancy than in any other time in life.
D) myelinization is not occurring.

Accepted Answer

myelinization is not occurring.

Question 10

Which of the following activities becomes possible as a result of the myelinization of the reticular formation?
A) dexterity in manipulation of small objects, such as a needle and thread
B) judgment in decision-making, such as evaluating various options
C) concentration in thinking, such as focusing attention on a task
D) speed and agility in motor skills, such as running to catch a ball

Accepted Answer

concentration in thinking,such as focusing attention on a task

Question 11

According to a recent University of Western research study about the causes of colic in young infants,which of the following statements is true?
A) Infants who were exclusively breast-fed were most at risk.
B) Infants who were exclusively bottle fed non-human milk, were most at risk.
C) Feeding methods or the use of human/non-human milk were not significant causal factors.
D) Infants who were fed with a combination of breast milk and non-human milk were most at risk.

Accepted Answer

Feeding methods or the use of human/non-human milk were not significant causal factors.

Question 12

At birth,the newborn infant can regulate vital functions such as respiration,sleep,and elimination because the ________ is/are sufficiently developed.
A) cortex
B) reflexes controlling these functions
C) midbrain and medulla
D) reticular formation

Accepted Answer

midbrain and medulla

Question 13

Gina wants to return to work after her infant develops a regular pattern of sleep and wakefulness.You can predict that Gina can plan to return to work when the baby is approximately ________ old.
A) six months
B) six weeks
C) one month
D) one year

Accepted Answer

six months

Question 14

Karran was playing with his daughter.As he was counting her toes,he stroked the bottom of her foot causing her to splay out her toes and then curl them in.This reaction is called the
A) Babinski reflex.
B) Moro, or startle, Reflex.
C) adaptive reflex.
D) primitive reflex.

Accepted Answer

Babinski reflex.

Question 15

George Beaton,professor emeritus at the University of Toronto and a world-renowned pioneer in the study of human nutrition requirements,advised that
A) mortality rates can be reduced by 23% by supplying young children living in at-risk countries with vitamin A.
B) brain functioning can be improved by 23% by supplying young children living in at-risk countries with vitamin A.
C) the risk of learning problems can be reduced by supplying young children living in at-risk countries with vitamin A.
D) physical growth can be enhanced by supplying young children living in at-risk countries with vitamin A.

Accepted Answer

mortality rates can be reduced by 23% by supplying young children living in at-risk countries with vitamin A

Question 16

Sucking,swallowing,pupil dilation,and grasping are all examples of
A) Babinski reflexes.
B) Moro, or startle, reflexes.
C) adaptive reflexes.
D) primitive reflexes.

Accepted Answer

adaptive reflexes.

Question 17

Sucking,withdrawing from pain,or closing the pupil of the eye in response to bright light are examples of
A) the Babinski and Moro reflexes.
B) primitive responses that disappear by six months of age.
C) adaptive reflexes that enable a neonate to survive reconstruction.
D) mature responses necessary for socialization as a human.

Accepted Answer

adaptive reflexes that enable a neonate to survive reconstruction.

Question 18

Research conducted by University psychologist Philip Zelazo helps us to understand
A) how primitive reflexes develop.
B) how stimulating primitive reflexes helps later motor development.
C) why primitive infant reflexes disappear.
D) how many different primitive reflexes infants have.

Accepted Answer

how stimulating primitive reflexes helps later motor development.

Question 19

A vase falls and smashes on the floor.A baby sleeping in the same room reacts by throwing her hands in the air and arching her back.This is referred to as the
A) Babinski Reflex.
B) Moro, or startle, reflex.
C) adaptive reflex.
D) primitive reflex.

Accepted Answer

Moro,or startle,reflex.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about the physical development of premature or low-birth-weight infants?
A) If a correction is made for a premature infant's "gestational age," there are few differences in physical development when the premature infant is compared to full-term infants.
B) Premature and low-birth-weight babies typically achieve developmental milestones, such as rolling over or crawling, more slowly than full-term babies.
C) Premature or low-birth-weight babies often have an insufficiently developed sucking reflex.
D) Breast milk is a nutritionally complete food for premature or low-birth-weight infants.

Accepted Answer

Breast milk is a nutritionally complete food for premature or low-birth-weight infants.

Quiz 4: Physical, Sensory, and Perceptual Development in Infancy

The ability of the brain to reorganize brain structures in response to experience is called

The process by which an infant's and child's bones harden is

Which of the following is NOT a true statement about colic?

The process by which unused or unnecessary neural pathways and connections are eliminated is called

What is the process in neuronal development in which a sheath covers individual axons and electrically insulates them from one another to improve the conductivity of the nerve?

An infant's sleep/wake cycle lasts approximately

At age 2,Susie is 90 cm tall.We can predict that when she is an adult,Susie will be ________ tall.

Which of the following abilities does a neonate have?

The process of synaptogenesis followed by pruning in response to experience in infancy means all of the following EXCEPT that

Which of the following activities becomes possible as a result of the myelinization of the reticular formation?

According to a recent University of Western research study about the causes of colic in young infants,which of the following statements is true?

At birth,the newborn infant can regulate vital functions such as respiration,sleep,and elimination because the ________ is/are sufficiently developed.

Gina wants to return to work after her infant develops a regular pattern of sleep and wakefulness.You can predict that Gina can plan to return to work when the baby is approximately ________ old.

Karran was playing with his daughter.As he was counting her toes,he stroked the bottom of her foot causing her to splay out her toes and then curl them in.This reaction is called the

George Beaton,professor emeritus at the University of Toronto and a world-renowned pioneer in the study of human nutrition requirements,advised that

Sucking,swallowing,pupil dilation,and grasping are all examples of

Sucking,withdrawing from pain,or closing the pupil of the eye in response to bright light are examples of

Research conducted by University psychologist Philip Zelazo helps us to understand

A vase falls and smashes on the floor.A baby sleeping in the same room reacts by throwing her hands in the air and arching her back.This is referred to as the

Which of the following is NOT an accurate statement about the physical development of premature or low-birth-weight infants?