Quiz 25 :
Wave Optics

In order to produce a sustained interference pattern by light waves from multiple sources, which of the following conditions must be met?

Waves from a radio station with a wavelength of 900 m arrive at a home receiver a distance 50 km away from the transmitter by two paths. One arrives via a direct-line path and the second by reflection from a mountain directly behind the receiver. What is the minimum distance between the mountain and receiver such that destructive interference occurs at the location of the listener? Assume no phase change on reflection.

Two beams of coherent light are shining on the same piece of white paper. With respect to the crests and troughs of such waves, darkness will occur on the paper where:

That light can undergo interference is evidence that it:

The Michelson interferometer is a device that may be used to measure:

The Michelson interferometer can make precise length measurements using which of the following phenomena?

When using 529-nm light, how far is the adjustable mirror of a Michelson interferometer moved when 600 fringe shifts are counted? A fringe shift occurs when the intensity goes from bright to dark or when it goes from dark to bright.

A fringe shift occurs for every ______ wavelength movement of the adjustable mirror in a Michelson interferometer. A fringe shift occurs when the intensity goes from bright to dark or when it goes from dark to bright.

How far, in wavelengths, does the movable mirror travel in a Michelson interferometer travel going from intensity maximum to the next intensity maximum?

Light travels from inside a building to outside through a pane of glass. Which of the following is true regarding the phase change upon reflection in the case?

The blue tint of a coated camera lens is largely caused by what effects?

What is the minimum thickness of a glycerin film (n = 1.47) on which light of wavelength 450 nm shines that results in constructive interference of the reflected light? Assume the film is surrounded front and back by air.

Light of wavelength 500 nm shines on a soap bubble film (n = 1.46). For what soap film thickness, other than the minimum thickness, will constructive interference occur?

A silicon monoxide thin film (n = 1.45) of thickness 77.6 nm is applied to a camera lens made of glass (n = 1.55). This will result in a destructive interference for reflected light of what wavelength?

What wavelength monochromatic source in the visible region (390 to 710 nm) can be used to constructively reflect off a soap film (n = 1.46) in air if the film is 70.0 nm thick?

What wavelength monochromatic source in the visible region (390 to 710 nm) can be used to constructively reflect off a soap film (n = 1.46) in air if the film is 288 nm thick?

A silicon monoxide (n = 1.45) film of 330 nm thickness is used to coat a glass camera lens (n = 1.56). What wavelength of light in the visible region (390 to 710 nm) will be most efficiently transmitted by this system? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

A beam of light of wavelength 600 nm is incident along the normal to two closely spaced parallel glass plates. For what air gap separation between the plates will the transmitted beam be of maximum intensity? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

Two closely spaced parallel glass plates are separated by 900 nm. What wavelength light source in the visible region (390 nm to 710 nm) will experience maximum transmission through the two plates?

Two flat glass plates are in contact along one end and are separated by a sheet of paper 3.0  10^6 m thick at the other end. The top plate is illuminated by a monochromatic light source of wavelength 490 nm. How many dark parallel bands will be evident across the top plate? (1 nm = 10^9 m) Note that a dark band occurs where the plates contact.

Two flat glass plates are in contact along one end and are separated by a sheet of tissue paper at the other end. A monochromatic source of wavelength 490 nm illuminates the top plate. If 20 dark bands are counted across the top plate, what is the paper thickness? (1 nm = 10^9 m) Note that a dark band occurs where the plates contact.

When light passes from a material with a low index of refraction into material with a high index of refraction:

Light is reflecting off a wedge-shaped thin piece of glass producing bright and dark interference fringes. If a certain location has a bright fringe, a nearby point will have a bright fringe if the thickness of the glass increases by:

Upon reflection, light undergoes no phase change:

A soap bubble (n = 1.35) is floating in air. If the thickness of the bubble wall is 322 nm, which of the following wavelengths of visible light is strongly reflected?

A puddle of water (n = 1.33) is covered with a very thin layer of oil (n = 1.20). How thick is the oil in the region that strongly reflects light with a wavelength of 497 nm?

A possible means for making an airplane radar-invisible is to coat the plane with an antireflective polymer. If radar waves have a wavelength of 3.84 cm, and the index of refraction of the polymer is n = 1.6, how thick would the coating be if a 180° phase change occurs at both surfaces?

A hair is placed at one edge between two flat glass plates. When this arrangement is illuminated with yellow light of wavelength ( = 600 nm), a total of 61 dark bands are counted starting at the point of contact between the plates. How thick is the hair? (1 nm = 10^9 m) Note that a dark band occurs where the plates contact.

Two thin layers of material with different indices of refraction are coated on a glass plate. The outer first material has n₁ = 1.404, the inner second material has n₂ = 1.176, and the glass has n_glass = 1.62. If light is incident from air on the first layer, what is the phase change relative to that of the first layer reflection for light that reflects from the glass?

A surface is coated with a material having index of refraction 1.50. If light in air has a wavelength of 450 nm and is normally incident on this surface, and it is found through interference effects with this light that the surface is 15 wavelengths thick, which of the following is the thickness of the surface?

A thin film ( ) of thickness 77.6 nm, applied to a camera lens ( ), is the minimum thickness that results in destructive interference for reflected light of wavelength 450 nm. which of the following is the next greater thickness that will also give destructive interference for this wavelength?

A silicon monoxide (n = 1.45) film of 108 nm thickness is used to coat a glass camera lens (n = 1.56). What wavelength of light in the visible region (390 to 710 nm) will be most efficiently transmitted by this system? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

That all points on a wave front act as new sources of spherical waves is attributed to:

In a Young's double-slit experiment, both the wavelength and the slit separation are increased by 25%. What happens to the distance between two adjacent bright fringes?

In a Young's double-slit experiment, what happens to the angular separation between the fringes when the wavelength is decreased at the same time that the slit separation is increased?

A Young's double-slit experiment is performed in air and then the apparatus is submerged in water. What happens to the fringe separation, and what can be used to explain the change, if any?

Interference effects observed in the early 1800s were instrumental in supporting a concept of the existence of which property of light?

If a wave from one slit of a Young's double-slit set-up arrives at a point on the screen one-half wavelength behind the wave from the other slit, what is observed at that point?

A Young's double slit has a slit separation of 2.50  10^5 m on which a monochromatic light beam is directed. The resultant bright fringes on a screen 1.00 m from the double slit are separated by 2.30  10^2 m. What is the wavelength of this beam? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

Two narrow slits are 0.025 mm apart. When a laser shines on them, bright fringes form on a screen that is a meter away. These fringes are 1.3 cm apart. What is the separation between the m = 2 bright fringe and the central fringe?

In a Young's double-slit interference apparatus, by what factor is the distance between adjacent light and dark fringes changed when the separation between slits is tripled?

In a Young's double-slit interference apparatus, by what factor is the distance between adjacent light and dark fringes changed when the wavelength of the source is doubled?

A Young's double-slit apparatus is set up so that a screen is positioned 1.6 m from the double slits, and the spacing between the two slits is 0.0315 mm. What is the distance between alternating bright fringes on the screen if the light source has a wavelength of 630 nm? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

A Young's double-slit apparatus is set up. A screen is positioned 1.16 m from the double slits, and the spacing between the two slits is 0.0500 mm. The distance between alternating bright fringes is 1.42 cm. What is the light source wavelength? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

A Young's double-slit apparatus is set up where a screen is positioned 0.80 m from the double slits. If the distance between alternating bright fringes is 0.83 cm, and the light source has a wavelength of 580 nm, what is the separation of the double slits? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

A Young's double-slit apparatus is set up. The source wavelength is 430 nm, and the double-slit spacing is 0.040 mm. At what distance from the double slits should the screen be placed if the spacing between alternating bright fringes is to be 2.6 cm? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

A light source simultaneously emits light of two wavelengths, 480 nm and 560 nm, respectively. The source is used in a double-slit interference experiment where the slit spacing is a 0.040 mm, and the distance between double slits and the screen is 1.6 m. What is the separation between the m = 3 bright fringes of the two wavelengths as they appear on the screen? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

After light from a source passes through two slits, a m = 1 bright spot is seen on the wall at point P. Which distance is equal to the wavelength of the light?

If the m = 2 fringe in Young's double-slit experiment occurs at an angle of 45.0°, what is the relationship between the wavelength  and the distance between slits, d?

A Young's interference experiment is conducted with blue-green argon laser light ( = 515 nm). The separation between the slits is 0.50 mm, and the interference pattern appears on a screen 4.95 m away. What is the spacing between the bright fringes? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

In a Young's experiment, the paths from the slits to a point on the screen differ in length, causing constructive interference at the point. Which of the following path differences would cause this constructive interference?

In a Young's experiment, the paths from the slits to a point on the screen differ in length, causing destructive interference at the point. Which of the following path differences would cause this destructive interference?

Laser light sent through a double slit produces an interference pattern on a screen 3.00 m from the slits. If the m = 2 maximum occurs at an angle of 10.7°, at what angle does the m = 8 maximum occur?

In a Young's double-slit experiment, how many maxima occur between the m = +3 and m = 3 maxima?

In a Young's double-slit experiment, by how many wavelengths do the paths from the slits to the screen differ for the m = 3 and the m = 8 minima?

Light of wavelength 540 nm is incident on a slit of width 0.150 mm, and a diffraction pattern is produced on a screen that is 3.00 m from the slit. What is the width of the central bright fringe? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

Light of wavelength 610 nm is incident on a slit of width 0.20 mm, and a diffraction pattern is produced on a screen that is 2.0 m from the slit. What is the distance of the second dark fringe from the center of the central bright fringe? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

A single-slit diffraction pattern is produced from a light source of wavelength 580 nm. The light goes through a single slit and onto a screen 1.0 m away. The first dark fringe is 5.8 mm from the central bright fringe. What is the slit width? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

Helium-neon laser light ( = 632.8 nm) is sent through a single slit of width 0.41 mm. What is the width of the central maximum on a screen 1.0 m in back of the slit? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

In the straight-ahead direction ( = 0°) in single-slit diffraction, which of the following is observed on the screen?

In a single-slit diffraction experiment, the angular width of the central maximum is 0.16°. The width of the slit is then doubled as is the distance to the screen. What is the resulting angular width of the central maximum?

In a single-slit diffraction experiment, the width of the central maximum is 6.0 mm. The width of the slit is then doubled as is the distance to the screen. What is the resulting width of the central maximum?

Diffraction grating #1 has twice the lines/cm that diffraction grating #2 does. When used with a certain wavelength of light, both gratings give first order (m = 1) maxima. Which of the following statements is true for the same wavelength of light.

A multiple slit diffraction grating has a slit separation of 2.00  10^6 m. Find the wavelength of the monochromatic light that will have its second order (m = 2) bright fringe diffracted through an angle of 43.4°. (1 nm = 10^9 m)

A diffraction grating with 10,000 lines/cm will exhibit the first order (m = 1) maximum for light of wavelength 264 nm at what angle? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

What is the highest order (m value) maximum for wavelength 450 nm that can be obtained with a grating with 300 lines per mm?

At what angle will the highest order (m value) maximum appear for a wavelength 400 nm using a grating with 600 lines per mm?

A wavelength of 573 nm yields a first order (m = 1) maximum at 40° with a grating. At what angle will the second order (m = 2) maximum appear for this wavelength?

A diffraction grating has 2500 lines/cm. What is the slit separation?

At what angle will the second order (m = 2) maximum occur for a wavelength of 450 nm using a diffraction grating with 10,000 lines per cm?

What is the highest order (the m value) of the complete visible spectrum (390 nm to 710 nm) that can be obtained with a grating having 300 lines/mm?

A laser shines 630-nm light through a grating producing a first order (m = 1) maximum at an angle of 30°. A second laser produces a first order maximum with the same grating at 20°. What is the wavelength emitted by the second laser?

Light with a wavelength of 450 nm shines through a lens with an aperture diameter of 0.85 cm. Use Rayleigh's criterion to determine the limiting angle of resolution. (1 nm = 10^9 m)

A microscope has an objective lens with an aperture diameter 0.60 cm. A monochromatic light source of wavelength 580 nm is used to illuminate the object. It is determined that the minimum angle of resolution is 1.18  10^4 rad. If the present lens were replaced by one with an aperture of diameter 1.0 cm, what would the minimum angle of resolution now become? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

A microscope has an objective lens with an aperture of diameter 0.60 cm where a monochromatic light source of wavelength 580 nm is used to illuminate the object. It is determined that the minimum angle of resolution is 1.18  10^4 rad. If the illuminating source were replaced by a source of wavelength 700 nm, what would the minimum angle of resolution now become? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

An individual's eye pupil changes from a diameter of 1.5 mm to 3.5 mm as the illumination is increased. By what factor does the minimum angle of resolution change?

If different filters are used with an astronomical telescope, which of the following would give the best resolution?

The 2.4-m diameter Hubble space telescope has been placed into Earth orbit by the space shuttle. Assuming a wavelength of 710 nm, what angular resolution could this telescope achieve by Rayleigh's criterion? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

A binary star system in the constellation Orion has an angular separation between the stars of 10^5 radians. Assuming a wavelength of 700 nm, what is the smallest aperture (diameter) telescope that will just resolve the two stars? (1 nm = 10^9 m)

Find the radius of a star image formed on the retina of the eye if the aperture diameter (the pupil) at night is 0.70 cm and the length of the eye is 3.0 cm. Assume the wavelength of starlight in the eye is 600 nm. (1 nm = 10^9 m)

Which of the following primarily determines the resolution of a telescope?

A telescope is used to view two small lights separated by 2.0 cm at a distance of 500 m. What minimum objective lens diameter is needed to just resolve these objects if their wavelength is 656 nm?

Which of the following colors is scattered most readily by small particles in the air?