Question 1

What do Levitt and March (1988)refer to as the process where an organization does something well,learns more about what they do until they become such experts that they can no longer see any limitations to their achievements?

Accepted Answer

Levitt and March (1988) refer to this process as the competency trap, where organizations become so proficient in their current operations that they are blinded to alternative methods or innovations, potentially hindering further growth or adaptation.

Question 2

Adapting the notion that learning is what happens when the old and the new clash and create tension,Weick and Westley (1999)identify three areas or metaphors where organizational learning can happen.Which of the following is NOT one of those?

Accepted Answer

Weick and Westley (1999) identify humour, improvisation, and small wins as areas or metaphors where organizational learning can happen, but games are not mentioned as one of these areas.

Question 3

Chapter 10 of your textbook identifies three elements of competencies in a community of practice.These are a sense of joint enterprise,relationships of mutuality,and a shared repertoire.A person learning from,reinforcing,and adding to the culture of their community of practice is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A shared repertoire involves learning from, reinforcing, and adding to the culture of a community of practice, encompassing the common resources, language, tools, and ways of doing things that members share.

Question 4

Weick and Westley (1999)identify three metaphors through which organizational learning can be fostered.One of those is ______,which involves changing things by encouraging people to play around with everyday patterns and to change them slightly.It is not a one-person show but rather a team event that relies upon the instant response,feelings,and feedback of others.

Accepted Answer

Improvisation is the correct answer because it involves changing everyday patterns through playful experimentation and relies on the collective response and feedback of the team, aligning with the description provided.

Question 5

Wenger (1998)argued that it is not in the individual mind,departmental routines,or organizations that learning occurs but that learning is a process that occurs in social learning systems.He refers to this concept as ______.

Accepted Answer

Wenger's concept of "communities of practice" emphasizes learning as a social process that occurs in groups or communities where members share a common interest or practice. This concept highlights the importance of social interactions and shared experiences in the learning process.

Question 6

Weick and Westley (1999)identify three metaphors through which organizational learning can be fostered.One of those is ______,which involves testing the space between order and disorder.They happen spontaneously and allow comments and observations that would otherwise be socially unacceptable.

Accepted Answer

Humour is the metaphor identified by Weick and Westley (1999) that involves testing the space between order and disorder, allowing for spontaneous comments and observations that might otherwise be socially unacceptable.

Question 7

Wenger (1998)argues there are three ways of managing boundaries in communities of practice: people,artefacts,and interaction.An organization creates focus groups where customers and sales staff discuss perceptions and expectation of products,sales and service quality.This is an example of using ______ as a way of managing boundaries.

Accepted Answer

The focus groups involve discussions between customers and sales staff, which is an example of using interaction to manage boundaries in communities of practice.

Question 8

Chapter 10 of your textbook identifies three elements of competencies in a community of practice.These are a sense of joint enterprise,relationships of mutuality,and a shared repertoire.The need for a person to understand and share what it is that their community is about,and how they can contribute to their community of practice,is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

The need for a person to understand and share what their community is about and how they can contribute reflects a sense of joint enterprise, which is about the shared goals and understanding within the community of practice.

Question 9

Wenger (1998)argues there are three ways of managing boundaries in communities of practice.Which of the following is NOT one of the three?

Accepted Answer

Wenger (1998) identifies three ways of managing boundaries in communities of practice as: people (brokers), artefacts (objects that serve as a point of focus or discussion), and interaction (engagement and activities that facilitate learning and knowledge sharing). Culture is not listed as one of the three specific boundary management mechanisms.

Question 10

Chapter 10 of your textbook identifies three elements of competencies in a community of practice.These are a sense of joint enterprise,relationships of mutuality,and a shared repertoire.The need for a person to be perceived as a trusted member of the community and that he can trust members of his community of practice through interactions with one another is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

The need for a person to be perceived as a trusted member of the community and to trust members of his community of practice through interactions with one another exemplifies "relationships of mutuality." This element focuses on the mutual trust and respect required for effective collaboration and learning within the community.

Question 11

Why,according to your textbook,is trust in collaboration critical to learning?

Accepted Answer

Trust is fundamental in collaborations as it fosters a stable relationship and creates a conducive environment for learning, where ideas can freely develop and be shared.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Levitt and March's (1988)conception of organizational learning?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT a...

Question 13

A student discusses an issue in class with his fellow students and teacher;he then goes to the pub with his friends and he tells them about the discussion he had in class today,and they spend an hour or two discussing it again,this time with different perspectives and outcomes.All this is an example of learning through ______.

Accepted Answer

This scenario exemplifies learning through "communities of practice," where individuals engage in shared activities or discussions, enhancing their understanding and skills through social interaction and the exchange of knowledge.

Question 14

Argyris and Schön (1978)identified two types of organizational level learning.The process of optimizing skills and acquiring knowledge to resolve an organizational problem is called ______ learning.

Accepted Answer

Single loop learning involves optimizing skills and acquiring knowledge to solve specific problems within existing organizational frameworks, without questioning or altering the underlying policies or objectives.

Question 15

According to Weick and Westley (1999),organizing and learning are antithetical processes,for this reason,they say organizational learning is ______.

Accepted Answer

Weick and Westley argue that organizing and learning are fundamentally opposing processes, which makes the concept of organizational learning paradoxical or contradictory, hence they describe it as an oxymoron.

Question 16

Wenger (1998)argues there are three ways of managing boundaries in communities of practice: people,artefact,and interaction.Different people bound together because they identity themselves with a product - such as a surfer's identify with a surfboard.This is an example of using ______ as a way of managing boundaries.

Accepted Answer

The example given illustrates the use of artefacts (in this case, a surfboard) as a means to manage boundaries within communities of practice, as individuals identify with the product, thereby defining their membership or association with the community.

Question 17

Tidd and his colleagues (2001)identified three key determinants of successful collaborative learning.Which of the following is NOT one of those?

Accepted Answer

Tidd and colleagues emphasize the importance of mutual learning and knowledge sharing in collaborations, but they do not suggest that all learning must solely benefit the collaboration without allowing organizations to individually benefit. This makes option C incorrect as it contradicts the principle of collaborative learning aimed at mutual and individual organizational growth.

Question 18

Argyris and Schön (1978)identified two types of organizational level learning.The process of totally changing one's frame of reference that guides behaviour so that rather than acquiring knowledge,it requires rethinking as to whether the task is beneficial or not,is called ______ learning.

Accepted Answer

Double loop learning involves questioning and modifying the underlying beliefs and assumptions behind actions, which aligns with the description of rethinking whether the task is beneficial or not. Single loop learning, on the other hand, involves making adjustments within existing frameworks without challenging underlying assumptions. Triple loop and loop the loop are not recognized types of learning in the context of Argyris and Schön's theory.

Question 19

Who does your textbook claim were amongst the first researchers to focus on processes of organizational learning,introducing concepts like single and double loop learning?

Accepted Answer

Argyris and Schön were among the first researchers to focus on processes of organizational learning, where they introduced the concepts of single and double loop learning. These concepts have been influential in understanding how organizations adapt and learn from their environments.

Question 20

Wenger (1998)argues there are three ways of managing boundaries in communities of practice: people,artefact,and interaction.A director of a major organization is asked to sit on the board of a smaller organization.This is an example of using ______ as a way of managing boundaries.

Accepted Answer

The director sitting on the board of a smaller organization is an example of using people as a way of managing boundaries in communities of practice, as it involves leveraging individuals to bridge or navigate between different groups or communities.

Quiz 10: Managing Knowledge and Learning

What do Levitt and March (1988) refer to as the process where an organization does something well,learns more about what they do until they become such experts that they can no longer see any limitations to their achievements?

Adapting the notion that learning is what happens when the old and the new clash and create tension,Weick and Westley (1999) identify three areas or metaphors where organizational learning can happen.Which of the following is NOT one of those?

Wenger (1998) argued that it is not in the individual mind,departmental routines,or organizations that learning occurs but that learning is a process that occurs in social learning systems.He refers to this concept as ______.

Weick and Westley (1999) identify three metaphors through which organizational learning can be fostered.One of those is ______,which involves testing the space between order and disorder.They happen spontaneously and allow comments and observations that would otherwise be socially unacceptable.

Wenger (1998) argues there are three ways of managing boundaries in communities of practice.Which of the following is NOT one of the three?

Why,according to your textbook,is trust in collaboration critical to learning?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Levitt and March's (1988) conception of organizational learning?

Argyris and Schön (1978) identified two types of organizational level learning.The process of optimizing skills and acquiring knowledge to resolve an organizational problem is called ______ learning.

According to Weick and Westley (1999) ,organizing and learning are antithetical processes,for this reason,they say organizational learning is ______.

Tidd and his colleagues (2001) identified three key determinants of successful collaborative learning.Which of the following is NOT one of those?

Argyris and Schön (1978) identified two types of organizational level learning.The process of totally changing one's frame of reference that guides behaviour so that rather than acquiring knowledge,it requires rethinking as to whether the task is beneficial or not,is called ______ learning.

Who does your textbook claim were amongst the first researchers to focus on processes of organizational learning,introducing concepts like single and double loop learning?

Wenger (1998) argues there are three ways of managing boundaries in communities of practice: people,artefact,and interaction.A director of a major organization is asked to sit on the board of a smaller organization.This is an example of using ______ as a way of managing boundaries.