Question 1

A person with schizophrenia who is experiencing alogia is displaying:
A) poverty of speech.
B) blunted or flat affect.
C) loss of volition.
D) social withdrawal.

Accepted Answer

Alogia refers to poverty of speech, which is a common symptom of schizophrenia. It is characterized by reduced fluency and productivity of speech, as well as lessened content and quality of speech.

Question 2

David Rosenhan (1973)sent eight people to various psychiatric hospitals.All eight falsely reported hearing voices that said "empty," "hollow," and "thud." After being admitted to one of the hospitals,each person acted normally,yet all were diagnosed as having schizophrenia.One of the conclusions from this study is that:
A) clinicians are unable to detect "real" schizophrenia.
B) the expectations produced by labeling can alter perception.
C) hospitals can produce schizophrenic behavior in normal people.
D) auditory hallucinations are sufficient for a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Accepted Answer

The study showed that labeling a person as mentally ill can affect how clinicians perceive and diagnose them, even in the absence of any objective symptoms. This highlights the impact of societal expectations and stigmas surrounding mental health on diagnosis and treatment.

Question 3

According to the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia:
A) people with a biological predisposition for schizophrenia will develop it if certain psychosocial stressors are also present.
B) people with certain psychosocial stressors will develop schizophrenia in the absence of a biological predisposition.
C) biological predispositions for schizophrenia override any evidence for the importance of psychosocial stressors.
D) people with certain biological predispositions will develop schizophrenia in the absence of psychosocial stressors.

Accepted Answer

The diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia suggests that individuals with a biological predisposition for schizophrenia will only develop the disorder if they are exposed to certain psychosocial stressors. This implies that both biological and environmental factors play a role in the development of schizophrenia, and that the interaction between the two is necessary for the disorder to manifest. Choice B and D are incorrect because they suggest that either biological factors or environmental factors alone are sufficient to cause schizophrenia, which is not consistent with the diathesis-stress model. Choice C is incorrect because it suggests that biological factors are the only determining factor in the development of schizophrenia, which is also not consistent with the diathesis-stress model.

Question 4

What is currently known about the relationship between hallucinations and delusions?
A) There is no evidence to suggest that they are related to one another.
B) It is likely that hallucinations and delusions occur together and feed one another.
C) Physiological evidence indicates a physical correlate with delusions,but not hallucinations.
D) Hallucinations cause delusions,but delusions do not cause hallucinations.

Accepted Answer

Hallucinations and delusions often occur together in various psychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia, and can influence and reinforce each other.

Question 5

Lucian always feels like he's been overlooked for all his achievements and that everything anyone says to him is a personal attack.He is extremely jealous of everyone around him and complains whenever other people appear to be getting more attention.This has been going on for a couple of months; he shows no other substantial symptoms.The BEST diagnosis,assuming the feelings of persecution and extreme jealousy has no basis in fact,is:
A) delusional disorder.
B) schizophreniform disorder.
C) paranoid schizophrenia.
D) brief psychotic disorder.

Accepted Answer

Lucian's symptoms of feeling persecuted and extreme jealousy without basis in reality align with delusional disorder, which involves persistent delusions without other significant symptoms of schizophrenia.

Question 6

What term describes a decrease in the fluency and the productivity of speech often seen in schizophrenia?
A) alogia
B) blocking
C) avolition
D) catatonia

Accepted Answer

Alogia refers to a decrease in the fluency and productivity of speech, often seen in schizophrenia.

Question 7

Research evaluating the effectiveness of various approaches to treating postpartum psychosis is lacking.All of these are potential reasons for this EXCEPT:
A) finding a sufficient number of research participants is difficult because there are very few instances of the disorder to begin with.
B) the appropriate tools for measuring the efficacy of different treatment approaches have yet to be developed.
C) there are very few funding opportunities to support research investigating the efficacy of different treatment approaches.
D) there are significant ethical concerns related to the various research models proposed to study treatment effectiveness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research evaluating the effectiveness of various approaches...

Question 8

If the schizophrenia-related brain circuit contains distinctive subcircuits,then one would expect to observe:
A) increased activation in one circuit and decreased activation in another,regardless of the symptoms that are present.
B) increased activation among specific brain structures when the severity of symptoms that are present also increases.
C) one circuit that is more active when positive symptoms are present,and the other more active when negative symptoms are present.
D) circuits that are activated by similar brain structures,but with one being more intensely activated than the other.

Accepted Answer

The question is asking about the expected observation if the schizophrenia-related brain circuit contains distinctive subcircuits. Choice C is the best option as it suggests that there are two distinctive circuits within the schizophrenia-related brain circuit, one more active when positive symptoms are present and the other more active when negative symptoms are present. This indicates that there may be different neural mechanisms underlying positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia, which can help in understanding the disorder better. Option A, B, and D do not address the distinctive subcircuits and their relationship to positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

Question 9

Which statement about schizophrenia is TRUE?
A) People with schizophrenia are often misdiagnosed as having dissociative identity disorder.
B) People with schizophrenia hide their symptoms and can generally function well in a variety of contexts.
C) Men are more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia than women.
D) Psychosis is a key feature of schizophrenia,but it can also occur in other disorders.

Accepted Answer

Psychosis is a key feature of schizophrenia, but it can also occur in other disorders such as bipolar disorder and drug-induced psychosis.

Question 10

The finding that the highest rates of schizophrenia are found among people who are born during the winter supports which theory of schizophrenia?
A) the viral theory
B) the genetic theory
C) the dopamine theory
D) the biochemical theory

Accepted Answer

The viral theory suggests that exposure to viral infections during prenatal development, particularly in the winter months, may increase the risk of developing schizophrenia.

Question 11

What is a case manager's primary goal when treating schizophrenia?
A) coordinating services
B) finding employment for clients
C) training staff
D) administering medication

Accepted Answer

The primary goal of a case manager when treating schizophrenia is to coordinate services to ensure that the client receives comprehensive care, including medical, psychological, and social support.

Question 12

Symptoms of postpartum psychosis appear to be triggered by:
A) the sudden loss of social status a woman experiences immediately after giving birth.
B) maternal diabetes,which is at its worst during and after childbirth.
C) feelings of diminished worth,combined with anxiety related to child care.
D) a large shift in hormones occurring just after childbirth.

Accepted Answer

Postpartum psychosis is often triggered by the significant hormonal changes that occur after childbirth, which can affect a woman's mood and mental state.

Question 13

Milieu therapy is based primarily on the principles of _____ psychology.
A) cognitive-behavioral
B) sociocultural
C) humanistic
D) psychodynamic

Accepted Answer

Milieu therapy is based primarily on the principles of humanistic psychology. It emphasizes the importance of a supportive and therapeutic environment to facilitate healing and personal growth.

Question 14

Zach is a resident in a psychiatric ward.He receives a plastic chip whenever he gets dressed on his own,speaks normally,and follows ward rules.He can then exchange the plastic chips he has earned for extra privileges,such as food,cigarettes,or time playing video games.This example illustrates the basic features of:
A) a token economy.
B) milieu therapy.
C) social therapy.
D) a behavioral contract.

Accepted Answer

This example illustrates a token economy, where individuals earn tokens for exhibiting desired behaviors, which can later be exchanged for rewards or privileges.

Question 15

Delia does not display all the full-blown schizophrenia symptoms anymore.Occasionally,a shadow of a symptom appears.She is a bit withdrawn and not entirely clear all the time,but she can marginally function in the world.This is an example of:
A) the residual phase of schizophrenia.
B) catatonic schizophrenia.
C) paranoid schizophrenia.
D) undifferentiated schizophrenia.

Accepted Answer

The residual phase of schizophrenia is characterized by a reduction or absence of prominent hallucinations, delusions, or disorganized speech and behavior, but some negative symptoms and milder forms of positive symptoms may still be present. Delia's description fits the residual phase as she still displays some symptoms but can marginally function in the world. The other options do not fit the given scenario as they either do not match Delia's current symptoms or do not accurately describe a sub-type of schizophrenia.

Question 16

A modern psychodynamic theorist is MOST likely to say:
A) "Fromm-Reichmann was right; schizophrenogenic mothers cause most cases of schizophrenia."
B) "Fromm-Reichmann was wrong; schizophrenogenic fathers cause most cases of schizophrenia."
C) "Having a fragmented sense of self leads to biological abnormalities."
D) "Biological abnormalities predispose people to develop a fragmented sense of self."

Accepted Answer

A modern psychodynamic theorist would be more likely to emphasize the role of biological factors in predisposing people to develop psychopathology, including issues with self-identity or a fragmented sense of self. This perspective is consistent with contemporary understandings of the complex interplay between biological, psychological, and social factors in the development of mental health issues. Therefore, D is the most likely choice.

Question 17

A person is socially withdrawn,speaks in odd ways,has strange ideas,and expresses little emotion,but that person is not displaying full-blown schizophrenic symptoms.What phase of schizophrenia is this person in?
A) prodromal
B) active
C) residual
D) either prodromal or residual

Accepted Answer

The person is likely in either the prodromal or residual phase, as both phases can involve mild or subclinical symptoms of schizophrenia, such as social withdrawal and odd behavior, without the full-blown symptoms seen in the active phase.

Question 18

Which statement about hallucinations is FALSE?
A) Hallucinations are experienced by people with disorders other than schizophrenia.
B) Hallucinations are different from perceptual illusions.
C) Hallucinations have historically been a sign of a psychological disorder.
D) Hallucinations that are unrelated to a disorder or substance ingestion have been reported by many people.

Accepted Answer

Hallucinations have not always been exclusively associated with psychological disorders throughout history. They have been interpreted in various ways, including spiritual or religious experiences, depending on cultural and historical context. Therefore, the statement that they have historically been a sign of a psychological disorder is false, as this interpretation is not universal.

Question 19

In 2001,Andrea Yates,showing symptoms of postpartum psychosis,drowned her five children.Assuming she was suffering from postpartum psychosis,her actions were:
A) typical; almost all women with postpartum psychosis harm their offspring.
B) typical; at least 75 percent of women with postpartum psychosis harm their offspring.
C) somewhat typical; about 50 percent of women with postpartum psychosis harm their offspring.
D) atypical; less than 5 percent of women with postpartum psychosis harm or attempt to harm their offspring.

Accepted Answer

While postpartum psychosis is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition, only a very small percentage of women with this condition harm or attempt to harm their children. In fact, research suggests that only around 1-4 percent of women with postpartum psychosis harm their offspring. Andrea Yates' actions were therefore atypical and not representative of the vast majority of women with this condition.

Question 20

A particular country has a nearly 3 percent prevalence for schizophrenia.That country:
A) has a normal schizophrenia prevalence.
B) has a lower-than-average schizophrenia prevalence.
C) has a higher-than-average schizophrenia prevalence.
D) has such a high schizophrenia prevalence that it almost certainly is a developing country.

Accepted Answer

A nearly 3 percent prevalence for schizophrenia is higher than the global average of approximately 1 percent, indicating that this country has a higher-than-average schizophrenia prevalence.

Quiz 12: Schizophrenia and Related Disorders

A person with schizophrenia who is experiencing alogia is displaying:

According to the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia:

What is currently known about the relationship between hallucinations and delusions?

What term describes a decrease in the fluency and the productivity of speech often seen in schizophrenia?

Research evaluating the effectiveness of various approaches to treating postpartum psychosis is lacking.All of these are potential reasons for this EXCEPT:

If the schizophrenia-related brain circuit contains distinctive subcircuits,then one would expect to observe:

Which statement about schizophrenia is TRUE?

The finding that the highest rates of schizophrenia are found among people who are born during the winter supports which theory of schizophrenia?

What is a case manager's primary goal when treating schizophrenia?

Symptoms of postpartum psychosis appear to be triggered by:

Milieu therapy is based primarily on the principles of _____ psychology.

Delia does not display all the full-blown schizophrenia symptoms anymore.Occasionally,a shadow of a symptom appears.She is a bit withdrawn and not entirely clear all the time,but she can marginally function in the world.This is an example of:

A modern psychodynamic theorist is MOST likely to say:

A person is socially withdrawn,speaks in odd ways,has strange ideas,and expresses little emotion,but that person is not displaying full-blown schizophrenic symptoms.What phase of schizophrenia is this person in?

Which statement about hallucinations is FALSE?

In 2001,Andrea Yates,showing symptoms of postpartum psychosis,drowned her five children.Assuming she was suffering from postpartum psychosis,her actions were:

A particular country has a nearly 3 percent prevalence for schizophrenia.That country: