Question 1

Provide an example of a microaggression you have either done or seen. Be sure to give the definition of "microaggression" and explain how the behavior fits the definition.

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Recall that Bridgeman (1981) conducted an experiment with ten-year-old children, half of whom had previously had two months' experience in a jigsaw classroom. In this experiment, she showed the youngsters a cartoon in which a little boy waves goodbye to his father at the airport, receives a package from the postman, and bursts into tears upon finding out that it contains a toy plane. Children who had previously participated in the jigsaw classrooms were more likely to say that the postman would be confused at seeing the boy cry after receiving a present. This reflects the idea that jigsaw groups promote the development of __________.
A) spatial skills
B) self-esteem
C) perspective-taking
D) intelligence

Accepted Answer

The experiment conducted by Bridgeman (1981) showed that children who had participated in the jigsaw classrooms were more likely to understand the perspective of the postman and realize that he would be confused at seeing the boy cry after receiving a present. Thus, jigsaw groups promote the development of perspective-taking.

Question 3

Recall that Bridgeman (1981) conducted an experiment with ten-year-old children, half of whom had previously had two months' experience in a jigsaw classroom. In this experiment, she showed the youngsters a cartoon in which a little boy waves goodbye to his father at the airport, receives a package from the postman, and bursts into tears upon finding out that it contains a toy plane. Children who had two months' experience in the jigsaw groups were more likely than the control group to say that the __________.
A) boy cried because the gift reminded him of his father leaving
B) boy cried because he missed his father
C) postman was confused about why the boy cried
D) postman knew the boy was sad because the gift reminded him of his father's leaving

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recall that Bridgeman (1981) conducted an experiment...

Question 4

What is the Implicit Association Test and how does it work to identify implicit prejudices?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the Implicit Association Test and...

Question 5

The extent to which children can develop the ability to see the world from the perspective of __________, there will be profound implications on empathy, generosity, and learning to get along with others.
A) a camera lens
B) their teachers
C) any other human being
D) their parents

Accepted Answer

The question is asking about the ability to see the world from the perspective of others, and choice C is the only option that includes "any other human being." A camera lens does not have a perspective, teachers and parents are limited in their perspectives, but learning to see the world from the perspective of others (any other human being) can have profound implications on empathy, generosity, and learning to get along with others.

Question 6

Conditions under which contact situations reduce prejudice include __________.
A) biased attenuation, schematic interference, and hierarchical status
B) multiple contacts, interdependence, and equal status
C) stereotype suppression, enhanced independence, and positive affect
D) affective suppression, dependence, and repeated contact

Accepted Answer

Multiple contacts allow for individuals to see each other as individuals and not just as members of a particular group, interdependence fosters a need for cooperation, and equal status helps to reduce feelings of inferiority and superiority, which can fuel prejudice.

Question 7

In the jigsaw classroom technique, __________.
A) children work on jigsaw puzzles to foster cooperative interdependence
B) lessons are structured so students' only access to most of the information they will be tested on is from other students
C) lessons are structured so each student works at his or her own pace and can feel a sense of mastery
D) lessons are structured so that groups compete for small prizes to create incentives for learning

Accepted Answer

The jigsaw classroom technique involves structuring lessons so that students must rely on each other to access the majority of the information they will be tested on. Each student is given a piece of the puzzle and must work with others who have different pieces to put the puzzle together as a whole. This fosters cooperative interdependence and encourages students to work together as a team.

Question 8

Many researchers have evaluated the effectiveness of cooperative learning techniques. Researchers such as Gaertner and his colleagues (1990) believe that one reason why such techniques work is that small, cooperative learning groups __________.
A) break down in-group and out-group categories into a perception of a single group
B) are more likely to follow egalitarian norms
C) provide for contact between members of different racial and ethnic groups
D) are more pleasant and thus reduce academic frustration

Accepted Answer

Gaertner and his colleagues believe that small, cooperative learning groups break down in-group and out-group categories into a perception of a single group, which can lead to increased cooperation and effectiveness in learning.

Question 9

Who is least likely to experience a reduction in prejudice?
A) Jason, who does a favor for Pablo
B) Margo, who has participated in a program to increase her empathy and perspective-taking ability
C) Gina, who asks LaToya to do a favor for her
D) George, who participates in a jigsaw classroom

Accepted Answer

Asking someone from a stigmatized group to do a favor can actually increase prejudice rather than decrease it, as it can reinforce stereotypes of that group being helpful or subservient. The other options involve positive interactions or educational interventions that have been shown to reduce prejudice.

Question 10

Shawna (who is Mexican American) has recently been bused into a school with predominantly white, middle-class students. Based on information from your text, why is she likely to have difficulty?
A) She is less intelligent than her classmates.
B) Her classmates are prejudiced against her.
C) The classroom of her new school isn't exactly cooperative.
D) Her teacher will make a negative example of her.

Accepted Answer

Shawna may face difficulties because the classroom environment may not be cooperative, which can hinder her ability to integrate and succeed in the new setting.

Question 11

According to your text, what is one reason why early attempts at desegregation failed?
A) Children were too prejudiced.
B) Teachers were modeling discrimination.
C) Students were not of equal status.
D) Students worked together and cheated off of each other.

Accepted Answer

Early attempts at desegregation failed because students were not of equal status, meaning that white students were typically placed in higher-level classes and given more resources and opportunities than Black students. This created a power dynamic that was difficult to overcome and perpetuated racial inequality within the classroom. While there may have been issues with prejudice and discrimination as well, the unequal status of students was a major factor in the failure of desegregation efforts.

Question 12

Which of the following is a positive outcome of the jigsaw learning paradigm?
A) It allows all students to excel in learning.
B) It builds empathy.
C) It creates trust where previously there was none.
D) It allows students to be independent and learn on their own.

Accepted Answer

The jigsaw learning paradigm involves breaking students into small groups, where each member is responsible for learning a specific piece of information and then sharing it with the rest of the group. This collaborative approach fosters empathy because it requires students to actively listen to and understand one another’s perspectives. While the other answer choices may have some benefits, they do not directly relate to the jigsaw learning paradigm.

Question 13

Why does the jigsaw classroom yield such positive results with regard to self-esteem, achievement, and positive informal contact between children of various racial and ethnic groups?
A) Students' responsibilities are informally structured.
B) It appeals to young children's natural empathy for others.
C) It is in each child's self-interest to cooperate with others.
D) Minority children are required to compete when they otherwise wouldn't.

Accepted Answer

The jigsaw classroom technique promotes cooperation among students by making each child's participation crucial to the group's success, thereby encouraging students to work together and support each other. This cooperative environment is beneficial for self-esteem, achievement, and positive interactions among children from different backgrounds.

Question 14

In the jigsaw classroom, when a student is having trouble mastering his or her material, other group members benefit most by __________.
A) taking over and doing the student's assignment
B) asking the teacher to clarify things
C) asking friendly and good questions
D) focusing their attention on students who have mastered the material

Accepted Answer

Asking friendly and good questions can help the struggling student clarify their understanding, while also helping other group members reinforce their own comprehension of the material. Taking over the student's assignment or focusing only on students who have already mastered the material can create a dependency and hinder the struggling student's growth. Asking the teacher for help is also a good option, but this does not directly involve the other students in the group working together to support each other's learning.

Question 15

According to your text, why does developing the ability to understand what another person is going through decrease prejudice?
A) It opens your heart to that person, making it hard to bully or feel prejudice toward them.
B) It helps us build a better understanding of the harmful effects of prejudice.
C) It helps us with our self-awareness.
D) It helps us develop a better plan for hiding our negative thoughts about others.

Accepted Answer

Developing the ability to understand what another person is going through opens our heart to that person, making it hard to bully or feel prejudice toward them.

Question 16

Describe what is meant by the terms benevolent sexism and hostile sexism. Then, give an example of each of these.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe what is meant by the terms...

Question 17

Provide an example of a prejudiced attitude (the example need not reflect how you truly feel). Now, identify and provide an example of the affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of this prejudiced attitude.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an example of a prejudiced attitude...

Question 18

There is debate over whether the Implicit Association Test actually measures implicit prejudice. What is this debate about, and what might the IAT be measuring if not implicit prejudice?

Accepted Answer

The answer of There is debate over whether the Implicit...

Question 19

Researchers state that one reason the jigsaw classroom is effective is that it allows the individual to develop a category of "oneness." By this they mean that __________.
A) everyone, without exception, is seen as part of a single group
B) the individual sees himself as an individual separate from the group
C) in-groups are seen as superior to out-groups, bolstering self-esteem
D) out-groups are seen as a single, homogeneous unit separate from the in-group

Accepted Answer

The jigsaw classroom encourages students to work together and view themselves as a part of a single and cohesive group, where everyone's contributions are valued equally. This helps to break down barriers between individuals and fosters a sense of community and cooperation, leading to improved learning outcomes.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of cooperative learning?
A) improving race relations
B) building empathy
C) improving instruction
D) lowering class size

Accepted Answer

Lowering class size is not a benefit of cooperative learning. Cooperative learning is a teaching strategy where small teams of students work together to achieve a common goal. It has been found to improve race relations, build empathy, and improve instruction. However, it does not necessarily lower class size.

Quiz 13: Prejudice: Causes, Consequences, and Cures

Provide an example of a microaggression you have either done or seen. Be sure to give the definition of "microaggression" and explain how the behavior fits the definition.

What is the Implicit Association Test and how does it work to identify implicit prejudices?

The extent to which children can develop the ability to see the world from the perspective of __________, there will be profound implications on empathy, generosity, and learning to get along with others.

Conditions under which contact situations reduce prejudice include __________.

In the jigsaw classroom technique, __________.

Many researchers have evaluated the effectiveness of cooperative learning techniques. Researchers such as Gaertner and his colleagues (1990) believe that one reason why such techniques work is that small, cooperative learning groups __________.

Who is least likely to experience a reduction in prejudice?

Shawna (who is Mexican American) has recently been bused into a school with predominantly white, middle-class students. Based on information from your text, why is she likely to have difficulty?

According to your text, what is one reason why early attempts at desegregation failed?

Which of the following is a positive outcome of the jigsaw learning paradigm?

Why does the jigsaw classroom yield such positive results with regard to self-esteem, achievement, and positive informal contact between children of various racial and ethnic groups?

In the jigsaw classroom, when a student is having trouble mastering his or her material, other group members benefit most by __________.

According to your text, why does developing the ability to understand what another person is going through decrease prejudice?

Describe what is meant by the terms benevolent sexism and hostile sexism. Then, give an example of each of these.

Provide an example of a prejudiced attitude (the example need not reflect how you truly feel). Now, identify and provide an example of the affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of this prejudiced attitude.

There is debate over whether the Implicit Association Test actually measures implicit prejudice. What is this debate about, and what might the IAT be measuring if not implicit prejudice?

Researchers state that one reason the jigsaw classroom is effective is that it allows the individual to develop a category of "oneness." By this they mean that __________.

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of cooperative learning?