Question 1

Which of the following statements is true about resilience in old age?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that a flexible and optimistic approach to life is common in old age and is associated with greater resilience. Option A is incorrect because personality is relatively stable in old age, but it is not necessarily rigid. Option B is partly true, but it is not unique to old age. Option D is incorrect because extraversion tends to decline slightly in old age.

Question 2

When asked about dissatisfactions in their lives,many older adults respond that they are unhappy about

Accepted Answer

The answer of When asked about dissatisfactions in their lives,many...

Question 3

Elders have accumulated a lifetime of self-knowledge,leading to ______________________ conceptions of themselves than at earlier ages.

Accepted Answer

As individuals age, they typically gain a greater sense of self-awareness and understanding, which leads to a more secure and complex sense of self. This is due to the accumulation of life experiences and personal growth over time. Options A and D are less likely because older individuals tend to have a more realistic and nuanced perspective, rather than being overly idealistic or simplistic. Option B is also unlikely, as many older adults have a strong sense of security and stability in themselves and their lives.

Question 4

May stops by her mother June's house every day.If June is having trouble getting dressed or making the bed,then May helps her and the two women chat while they work.May's behavior toward June illustrates the

Accepted Answer

May's behavior illustrates the dependency-support script, where she provides assistance to her mother when needed, reinforcing June's dependency on her support.

Question 5

Even a self-reliant elder does not always resist unnecessary help because

Accepted Answer

Even self-reliant elders may accept unnecessary help as a way to bring about social contact and interaction with others, which can be beneficial for their mental and emotional well-being. This does not necessarily mean that independent behaviors are being reinforced or that passive behavior is expected, as the elder may still prefer to engage in activities and tasks on their own when they are capable.

Question 6

Mr.Vickers is a senior who has several hoped-for selves.As he continues to age,which of the following will likely occur?

Accepted Answer

As Mr. Vickers continues to age, he may eliminate some of his current possible selves, but he is also likely to replace them with new hoped-for selves that are more in line with his changing desires and abilities. This process of developing new possible selves and letting go of old ones is a normal part of the aging process.

Question 7

Religious involvement is associated with

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have found that religious involvement is associated with better physical health outcomes such as lower rates of hypertension, heart disease, and even lower mortality rates. It may also provide individuals with greater social support and a sense of purpose, which can lead to better psychological well-being. However, religious involvement is not consistently associated with higher SES and may not necessarily reduce death anxiety.

Question 8

Which of the following is true about psychological well-being in late adulthood?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that perceived physical health has a stronger relationship with depression in late adulthood than actual physical limitations. Other studies have found that higher-SES elders have a weaker physical impairment-depression relationship, but this is not mentioned as being true for psychological well-being. The majority of older adults do not suffer from chronic depression, though it is still a concern. Late-life depression can actually be more severe and longer-lasting than earlier in life, so choice D is incorrect.

Question 9

A stable self-concept allows for _____________,a key feature of integrity.

Accepted Answer

A stable self-concept means that one accepts oneself for who they are and doesn't constantly evaluate themselves. This self-acceptance is a key feature of integrity, which is essential for maintaining a strong sense of personal values and ethics. Therefore, option A - self-acceptance - is the correct answer.

Question 10

One of the strongest risk factors for late-life depression is

Accepted Answer

Disability is a strong risk factor for late-life depression because it can lead to social isolation, reduced mobility, chronic pain, and decreased enjoyment of life activities. These factors can contribute to a loss of independence and control, and increase the risk of depression.

Question 11

Which of the following is true about gender differences in negative life changes?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that women of very advanced age tend to report a lower sense of psychological well-being than men, despite living longer than men. This may be due to gender differences in coping strategies and social support networks.

Question 12

Jim retired from his job at the age of 65.The next year,Jim created a network of volunteers who provide child-care services for economically deprived families.Jim has reached a new phase of adulthood called the _______ Age,which is a time of personal fulfillment.

Accepted Answer

The "Third Age" is often referred to as a period of active retirement, where individuals pursue personal interests and fulfillment after their primary career ends.

Question 13

Which of the following is true about social contact among elders?

Accepted Answer

The statement "Among elders who have trouble performing daily activities, social contact is linked to a less positive everyday existence" is supported by research, indicating that for some elders, social contact can be challenging and may exacerbate feelings of inadequacy or frustration related to functional limitations.

Question 14

Negative life events may evoke __________ in older than in younger adults.

Accepted Answer

Older adults often have more experience and coping mechanisms, which can lead to less stress and depression in response to negative life events compared to younger adults.

Question 15

Involvement in both organized and informal religious activities is especially high among ____________ elders.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that involvement in organized and informal religious activities is higher among ethnic minority elders, regardless of their SES status. Additionally, this higher level of involvement has been found in multiple cultural groups, not just British or Dutch elders.

Question 16

August stops by his mother April's house every day.If April has no trouble with tasks like making coffee or unloading the dishwasher,then August withdraws and attends to other jobs.August's behavior toward April illustrates the

Accepted Answer

The independence-ignore script involves ignoring or withdrawing from someone if they do not require assistance with basic tasks, allowing them to function independently. This is the behavior exhibited by August towards his mother April if she has no trouble with tasks like making coffee or unloading the dishwasher. The other scripts such as dependency-support, assisted independence, and codependency-support involve providing assistance to someone in various ways.

Question 17

Which of the following is true about religious beliefs and behaviors in old age?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that U.S. elders generally become more religious or spiritual as they age, with the majority attending religious services at least once a month. British elders also show an increase in religious or spiritual beliefs and behaviors, but the percentage who attend religious services regularly remains relatively low. Japanese elders tend to have a more secular outlook and may not emphasize religious beliefs and practices as they age.

Question 18

Extraverted elders tend to engage in ______________ reminiscence directed at social goals,such as solidifying family and friendship ties and reliving relationships with lost loved ones.

Accepted Answer

Extraverted elders tend to engage in other-focused reminiscence directed at social goals, such as solidifying family and friendship ties and reliving relationships with lost loved ones, rather than self-focused reminiscence or reminiscence based on knowledge or childhood experiences.

Question 19

The baby boomers are approaching late life with the conviction that their old age will not begin until

Accepted Answer

The answer of The baby boomers are approaching late life...

Question 20

Mrs.Hayley has come to terms with life despite its imperfections.She has become increasingly generous and good-natured.Mrs.Hayley shows gains in

Accepted Answer

Mrs. Hayley's increasing generosity and good-naturedness suggest that she is becoming more agreeable, which is a trait associated with empathy, cooperation and altruism. This personality trait is not necessarily linked to emotion-centered coping, openness to experience or extroversion.

Quiz 18: Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood