Question 1

What is the difference between basic and applied research?

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Question 2

What is selection bias, and what technique do researchers use to control for it?

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Question 3

What is the placebo effect, and how do researchers control for it?

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Question 4

How does psychology use description, explanation, prediction, and influence?

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Question 5

Describe the main features of naturalistic observation, the case study method, the survey approach, and the correlational method, including their advantages and limitations. Provide an appropriate research topic for each.

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Question 6

Differentiate between basic research and applied research. If you were a director in a provincial research funding program, would you fund more basic research or more applied research? Why?

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Question 7

What is a representative sample, and why is it essential in a survey?

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Question 8

Explain what a theory is in scientific research and what its functions are.

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Question 9

What is the role of the control group in relation to the experimental group?

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Question 10

What is a correlation coefficient?

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Question 11

Describe the methods used to study an individual or small group in great detail? What are its advantages and disadvantages?

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Question 12

Psychological research on mate selection, mate retention, etc. would most likely be conducted by an evolutionary psychologists.

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Evolutionary psychology is a field that explores human behavior and mental processes in relation to evolutionary theory. Mate selection and retention are important factors in reproductive success and adaptation, making them key areas of interest for evolutionary psychologists.

Question 13

What is naturalistic observation, and what are some of its advantages and limitations?

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Question 14

What is the advantage of the experimental method over other research methods? Provide an example of a research experiment in which you correctly identify the independent variable(s), the dependent variable(s), the experimental group, and the control group. Provide a brief definition for independent variable and dependent variable.

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Question 15

What are the roles of the independent variable and the dependent variable in an experiment?

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Question 16

Another name for psychoanalysis is "neuroscience."

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Psychoanalysis and neuroscience are two distinct fields of study. Psychoanalysis is a method of therapy that focuses on unconscious thoughts and experiences, while neuroscience is the study of the nervous system and brain function. They may overlap in certain areas, but they are not interchangeable terms.

Question 17

What are the methods and purposes of survey research?

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Question 18

What is the main advantage of the experimental method?

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Question 19

How does the correlation method help researchers, and when is it used?

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Question 20

Having read about experimental research and survey research in this chapter, how will it affect the way you evaluate research studies in articles you read or in reports you hear in the future?

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Quiz 1: Introduction to Psychology