Question 1

Which of the following was associated with the general adaptation syndrome?

Accepted Answer

The general adaptation syndrome was introduced by Hans Selye in the 1930s, which describes the body's response to stress. David Holmes is known for his research on the effects of noise pollution, Walter Cannon is known for his work on the fight or flight response, and Richard Lazarus is known for his work on cognitive appraisal of stress.

Question 2

The biomedical model focuses on ________; the biopsychosocial model focuses on ________.

Accepted Answer

The biomedical model focuses on illness, treating diseases as malfunctions in the body's systems. The biopsychosocial model, however, considers both health and illness, incorporating psychological and social factors along with biological conditions in understanding a person's medical condition.

Question 3

Who was the first to describe the fight-or-flight syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Walter Cannon was the first to describe the fight-or-flight response in 1929.

Question 4

Which of the following is the physiological and psychological response to a condition that threatens or challenges the individual and requires some form of adaptation or adjustment?

Accepted Answer

The physiological and psychological response to a condition that threatens or challenges the individual and requires some form of adaptation or adjustment is called stress. Choices A and C are types of stress responses, but do not encompass the broader definition of stress. Choice B is not a recognized term in psychology related to stress.

Question 5

The rapidity with which the organism can respond to the fight-or-flight response makes it

Accepted Answer

The fight-or-flight response is an adaptive response because it allows an organism to quickly and efficiently respond to a potential threat. This response helps ensure the organism's survival by preparing the body to fight or flee in response to a perceived danger.

Question 6

Which of the following is not one of the stages of the general adaptation syndrome?

Accepted Answer

The three stages of the general adaptation syndrome, identified by Hans Selye in his research on stress, are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. There is no stage of "recovery" mentioned in this model.

Question 7

The biopsychosocial model emphasizes

Accepted Answer

The biopsychosocial model emphasizes health and wellness, taking into account biological, psychological, and social factors that can impact an individual's well-being. This model recognizes that all three factors are interconnected and contribute to overall health, rather than prioritizing one over the others.

Question 8

Which of the following is not one of the three stages of Selye's general adaptation syndrome?

Accepted Answer

The three stages of Selye's general adaptation syndrome are alarm (the initial reaction to stress), resistance (the body's attempt to cope with and adapt to the stressor), and exhaustion (if stress persists and adaptation is not successful, the body's resources become depleted, leading to fatigue, illness, and even death). "Response" is not one of the stages.

Question 9

What is the term for stimuli or events that place a demand on an organism for adaptation or readjustment?

Accepted Answer

Stressors are defined as stimuli or events that place a demand on an organism for adaptation or readjustment. Strain and tension relate more to the physical or emotional effects of stress on an individual, while stress refers to the overall concept of experiencing a demand for adaptation or readjustment.

Question 10

Dr. Paul holds the view that the health and illness of people are influenced by all the forces in the environment, personal habits and experiences, and the individual's life history and genetics. Her view would be most consistent with

Accepted Answer

Dr. Paul's view aligns with the biopsychosocial model, which takes into account biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding health and illness. This is in contrast to the psychoanalytic perspective, which places greater emphasis on unconscious drives and childhood experiences, social learning theory, which focuses on environmental influences on behavior, and environmental psychology, which explores the relationship between people and their physical environment.

Question 11

The biomedical model emphasizes

Accepted Answer

The biomedical model focuses on the physical aspects of illness and disease, rather than factors that promote health and wellness. It sees health as the absence of disease or malfunction in the body, and does not take into account social and psychological factors that may contribute to a person's overall well-being.

Question 12

A stressor is

Accepted Answer

A stressor can be either positive or negative and is any stimulus or event that requires a response or adaptation from an organism. This can include anything from a deadline at work to a workout routine. While stressors may often be perceived as negative, they can also motivate and challenge individuals and lead to growth and development. Options A, C, and D are all incorrect as they do not accurately define a stressor.

Question 13

Walter Cannon is to ________ as Hans Selye is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Walter Cannon is known for his research on the fight-or-flight response, while Hans Selye is known for his research on the general adaptation syndrome. Therefore, the best choice would be D, which pairs Cannon with the fight-or-flight response and Selye with the general adaptation syndrome.

Question 14

Which of the following sets of factors of illness and health does the biopsychosocial model emphasize?

Accepted Answer

The biopsychosocial model emphasizes the importance of biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding illness and health. Option A includes psychological and sociological factors but not biological, while option B includes only psychological and genetic factors. Option D includes sociological and biomedical factors, but not psychological.

Question 15

Benjamin has selected a career in which he will study the habits of people when they become ill. He is especially interested in how they can be taught to follow instructions from their physician and speed the recovery from illness. Benjamin is most likely planning to become

Accepted Answer

Benjamin's interest in studying how people can be taught to follow instructions from their physician and speed up recovery from illness aligns with the focus of health psychology, which involves the study of psychological and behavioral factors that impact health and illness. A sports psychologist focuses on the mental and emotional aspects of athletic performance, a biopsychosocialist is not a recognized career path, and a forensic psychologist applies psychological principles to legal issues.

Question 16

The sympathetic nervous system controls the

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight-or-flight response, which is the body's response to stress or danger. This response prepares the body for intense physical activity, such as fighting or running away. It increases heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration, and releases adrenaline and other hormones that increase energy and focus. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 17

Selye calls the predictable sequence of reactions which organisms show in response to stressors the

Accepted Answer

Selye termed the predictable sequence of reactions which organisms show in response to stressors the general adaptation syndrome.

Question 18

Fight-or-flight response is to ________ as general adaptation syndrome is to ________.

Accepted Answer

The fight-or-flight response is a reaction to immediate stress or danger, while the general adaptation syndrome is a response to long-term stress. Therefore, the best choice is D.

Question 19

Which of the following is not true of the fight-or-flight response?

Accepted Answer

The fight-or-flight response is most useful as a response to short-term threats rather than long-term threats. It helps the organism respond rapidly to immediate danger and is not a sustainable response for prolonged periods of time.

Question 20

What is the field of psychology that is devoted to understanding psychological influences on how people stay healthy, why they become ill, and how they respond when they do become ill?

Accepted Answer

Health psychology is the field of psychology that focuses on understanding the psychological factors that influence health, illness, and healthcare. It examines how psychological and social factors can impact physical health and wellbeing, as well as how people respond to illness and healthcare treatments. General psychology is a broad field that includes many different areas of study, while forensic psychology focuses on applying psychological principles to legal issues. Human factors psychology is the study of how humans interact with technology and design.

Quiz 12: Health and Stress