Question 1

Men with pedophilic disorder are more likely to have:

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that men with pedophilic disorder are more likely to have a history of being sexually abused themselves. This traumatic experience can contribute to the development of the disorder in some individuals.

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a biological characteristic of people with gender dysphoria?

Accepted Answer

There is no evidence to suggest that the gender identity or sexual orientation of a person's father has any influence on whether or not their child will experience gender dysphoria. The other options - A, B, and C - have all been identified as potential biological factors related to gender dysphoria.

Question 3

Some people with gender dysphoria are so disturbed by their misassignment of gender and its social consequences that they ________, and to a lesser degree, alcohol and other substance abuse problems.

Accepted Answer

Gender dysphoria often leads to the development of mood and anxiety disorders such as depression, anxiety, and social phobia. While some individuals may choose to undergo gender reassignment surgery, choose heterosexual partners, or develop eating disorders, these responses are not necessarily a direct result of gender dysphoria itself. Substance abuse problems may also occur, but to a lesser degree than mood and anxiety disorders.

Question 4

According to the text which of the following represents the most controversial topic in the area of gender dysphoria?

Accepted Answer

The most controversial topic in the area of gender dysphoria is the treatment of children and adolescents. There is much debate surrounding the use of hormone blockers and puberty suppression therapy, as well as the age at which individuals should be allowed to undergo gender-affirming surgeries. Some argue that these treatments are necessary to alleviate the distress of gender dysphoria, while others believe they may do more harm than good and that children are not capable of making such life-altering decisions. The treatment of cisgendered people is not a controversial topic in relation to gender dysphoria, as cisgendered people do not experience gender dysphoria.

Question 5

________ may be used to reduce a paraphiliac's anxiety about engaging in normal sexual encounters with other adults.

Accepted Answer

Desensitization procedures involve gradually exposing the individual to stimuli that elicit anxiety or fear, while teaching coping mechanisms for managing the anxiety. In the case of paraphilias, desensitization procedures can be used to reduce anxiety about engaging in normal sexual encounters with other adults. This therapy can be effective in reducing the compulsion to engage in atypical sexual behaviors.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a biological intervention that has been used to treat pedophilic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Surgery on areas of the brain thought to control sexual behavior is not a commonly used or accepted biological intervention for treating pedophilic disorder. Other options like surgical castration (A), antiandrogen drugs (C), and SSRIs (D) have been used to manage sexual drive and behaviors associated with pedophilia.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true when considering a diagnosis of gender dysphoria?

Accepted Answer

According to the DSM-5, a diagnosis of gender dysphoria is warranted when an individual experiences a marked incongruence between their expressed or experienced gender and their biological sex, and this incongruence causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. Therefore, people who experience gender incongruence and who do feel distress and impairment may warrant the diagnosis. However, not all people who experience a discrepancy between their gender identity and their biological sex warrant the diagnosis, as some individuals may experience gender incongruence without distress or impairment. Additionally, diagnosing gender dysphoria is still relevant in contemporary society for providing access to healthcare, education, legal assistance, and other resources and support for individuals experiencing gender dysphoria.

Question 8

________ theories of paraphilia explain them as resulting from initial associations of intense early sexual arousal with a particular stimulus.

Accepted Answer

Behavioral theories view paraphilias as learned behaviors resulting from early experiences with particular stimuli that were paired with sexual arousal.

Question 9

________ is used to extinguish sexual responses to objects or situations a person with a paraphilia finds arousing, by exposing them to painful but harmless electric shocks or loud bursts of noise while viewing photographs of what arouses them.

Accepted Answer

Aversion therapy is the technique used to extinguish sexual responses to objects or situations a person with a paraphilia finds arousing by exposing them to painful but harmless electric shocks or loud bursts of noise while viewing photographs of what arouses them. Transcranial magnetic stimulation, electroconvulsive therapy, and vagus nerve stimulation have no proven effectiveness in treating paraphilias.

Question 10

Which of the following was replaced by gender dysphoria as a new diagnostic category in the DSM-5?

Accepted Answer

Gender identity disorder was replaced by gender dysphoria in the DSM-5. Sexual identity disorder, gender role disorder, and sex role disorientation were not diagnostic categories in the DSM-5.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about gender identity is true?

Accepted Answer

Gender identity is generally quite stable from childhood into adulthood, though there can be some variation and fluidity in some individuals. While children may experiment with gender roles and expression, their underlying sense of gender identity tends to remain consistent. Additionally, not all children with gender dysphoria will necessarily identify with the non-natal sex in adulthood, as some may choose not to transition or may identify as non-binary. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect.

Question 12

Research has demonstrated that persistence of gender dysphoria from childhood into adolescence is higher among natal girls, children who express more intense dysphoria, and

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that gender dysphoria persisting from childhood into adolescence is more likely among children who have already started adopting a cross-sex social role, among other factors. This suggests that the social aspect of gender identity plays a significant role in the persistence of gender dysphoria.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of the factors contributing to gender dysphoria?

Accepted Answer

Multiple studies have found a link between the size and functioning of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in the brain and gender dysphoria. This suggests that biological factors play a role in this condition. A and C are incorrect because while biological and hormonal factors have been implicated, they are not the sole cause of gender dysphoria. D is vague and does not offer any specific information on the research supporting psychological contributors.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true of hormone therapy for gender dysphoria?

Accepted Answer

Hormone therapy for gender dysphoria involves cross-sex hormone therapy, which stimulates the development of secondary sex characteristics of the preferred sex (such as breast growth or beard growth) while suppressing those of the birth sex (such as menstrual cycles or body hair growth). This therapy can be taken without sex reassignment surgery, and is often the first step in medical transitioning. Testosterone does not cause fatty deposits in the breasts and hips or soften the skin, and estrogen does not cause the voice to deepen or cause hair to grow in a male pattern.

Question 15

Raoul identifies as a heterosexual man.One term to characterize this identification is

Accepted Answer

Cisgender refers to a person whose gender identity aligns with the sex they were assigned at birth. In this case, Raoul identifies as a man, which is consistent with the male sex he was assigned at birth. The other options - transgender, sexual dysphoria, and transvestic - do not accurately describe Raoul's identification as a heterosexual man.

Question 16

________ is when people have sexual fantasies, urges, and behaviors focused on prepubescent children.

Accepted Answer

Pedophilic disorder is the only option that fits the description given. Ephebophilia is the attraction to adolescents, not prepubescent children. Hemophilia is a genetic blood disorder and has no relation to sexual behavior. Frotteuristic disorder is the attraction to non-consenting individuals for the purpose of rubbing against them.

Question 17

Therapists who work with people with gender dysphoria typically:

Accepted Answer

Therapists who work with people with gender dysphoria aim to help them clarify their gender identity and desire for treatment. This may involve exploring and understanding their feelings of discomfort and distress related to their gender identity, as well as discussing potential treatment options such as hormone therapy or surgery. The goal is to support the individual in achieving a greater sense of alignment between their gender identity and their physical body, if desired, ultimately leading to improved well-being and more fulfilling life experiences. Options A and B are not appropriate approaches as they do not align with current best practices for treating gender dysphoria. Option D is partially correct, as some individuals with gender dysphoria may choose to undergo hormone therapy but not surgery, while others may pursue both forms of medical treatment. However, option C more accurately reflects the overarching focus of therapy for gender dysphoria.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true of sex reassignment surgery for individuals with gender dysphoria?

Accepted Answer

Before undergoing sex reassignment surgery, individuals spend up to a year or more living fulltime in the gender role they seek. This is known as the Real Life Experience (RLE) or Real Life Test. This time is spent adjusting to living in the gender role they desire and ensuring that surgery is the appropriate next step in their transition. Options A, B, and D are all incorrect as they contain factual inaccuracies.

Question 19

One 24-year longitudinal study found that gender dysphoria in childhood is a better predictor of ________ than of adult gender dysphoria.

Accepted Answer

The study found that childhood gender dysphoria is more strongly predictive of an adult homosexual orientation rather than predicting whether someone will identify as transgender or have gender dysphoria in adulthood.

Question 20

Describe the different phases of the sexual response cycle identified by Masters and Johnson.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the different phases of the sexual...

Quiz 13: Sexual Disorders