Question 1

Which of the following laboratory test results would be of least concern to the nurse who is recording a client's baseline status before chemotherapy for cancer is started?

Accepted Answer

Serum osmolarity is not typically a part of the baseline laboratory workup before chemotherapy, and abnormal results are less likely to impact treatment decisions or contraindicate chemotherapy. The other laboratory values (serum electrolytes, blood urea nitrogen, and complete blood count) are important in monitoring for electrolyte imbalances, renal dysfunction, and hematological changes during treatment.

Question 2

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the G₁ phase of the cell life cycle?

Accepted Answer

Pegaspargase is an enzyme that depletes asparagine, an amino acid necessary for protein synthesis, and is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the G1 phase.

Question 3

A client with cancer will be receiving chemotherapy with cisplatin.To reduce the risk of renal toxicity,the nurse anticipates an order for which of the following drugs to preserve renal tissue?

Accepted Answer

Amifostine has been shown to protect the kidneys from the effects of cisplatin by reducing oxidative stress and preserving renal tissue. Prednisone may be used to reduce inflammation and treat other side effects, but it does not protect the kidneys. Furosemide is a diuretic and may exacerbate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Epoetin alfa is used to stimulate red blood cell production and treat anemia, but it does not protect the kidneys from cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Question 4

When a client is scheduled to receive cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan),the nurse places highest priority on ensuring that the client

Accepted Answer

The highest priority for a client receiving cyclophosphamide is prehydration to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis, a potential side effect of the drug. Adequate hydration before and after administration of the medication helps reduce the risk of damage to the bladder wall. While monitoring the client with electrocardiogram and educating them about potential side effects are important nursing interventions, they do not take priority over preventing a potentially serious complication such as hemorrhagic cystitis. Anesthesia is not typically required for administration of cyclophosphamide.

Question 5

A client with cancer will be receiving chemotherapy with ifosfamide.To reduce the risk of hemorrhagic cystitis,the nurse anticipates an order for which of the following drugs?

Accepted Answer

Mesna is a uroprotective agent used to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis caused by ifosfamide chemotherapy. It works by binding to and inactivating the toxic metabolites of ifosfamide that can damage the bladder lining. Phenazopyridine is a urinary tract analgesic and does not prevent hemorrhagic cystitis. Sulfisoxazole is an antibiotic and Bumetanide is a loop diuretic, neither of which prevent hemorrhagic cystitis.

Question 6

A client is experiencing bone marrow suppression as an adverse effect of chemotherapy used to treat cancer.The nurse administers which of the following medications to increase the client's white blood cell count?

Accepted Answer

Sargramostim (GM-CSF) is a medication that stimulates the bone marrow to produce white blood cells. It is commonly used to treat bone marrow suppression caused by chemotherapy. Epoetin alfa (Epogen) is a medication used to stimulate the production of red blood cells and is not effective in increasing white blood cell count. Oprelvekin (Neumega) is a medication used to prevent severe thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) and is not effective in increasing white blood cell count. Levetiracetam (Keppra) is an antiepileptic medication and is not used for treating bone marrow suppression.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is the most appropriate to share with a client who is wondering about the alopecia that occurs as a result of chemotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Option A is the most appropriate statement to share with a client wondering about the alopecia that occurs as a result of chemotherapy. It reassures the client that hair regrowth is possible but the hair may look different from before. Option B is incorrect because hair loss is usually temporary and reversible. Option C may mislead the client as hair regrowth typically takes 2 to 3 months after chemotherapy ends. Option D may also be misleading as there are no guaranteed interventions to prevent chemotherapy-induced alopecia.

Question 8

What is the physiologic effect of prednisone that the nurse expects to assess in a client who is receiving the MOPP treatment?

Accepted Answer

Prednisone, a corticosteroid included in the MOPP regimen, often leads to an improved appetite as one of its side effects, contrasting with many cancer treatments that may decrease appetite.

Question 9

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the M phase of the cell life cycle?

Accepted Answer

Vinblastine is a cell-cycle specific chemotherapeutic drug that targets the M phase of the cell cycle by inhibiting the formation of microtubules required for spindle formation and chromosome segregation during mitosis. Thioguanine and pegaspargase are not cell-cycle specific, while bleomycin targets the G2 phase of the cell cycle.

Question 10

A client is experiencing bone marrow suppression as an adverse effect of chemotherapy used to treat cancer.The nurse administers which of the following medications to increase the client's red blood cell count?

Accepted Answer

Darbepoetin alfa is a medication that stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow and is commonly used to treat anemia caused by chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression. Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) is used to prevent infection in patients receiving chemotherapy, Oprelvekin (Neumega) is used to stimulate platelet production in patients with thrombocytopenia, and Galantamine (Reminyl) is used to treat Alzheimer's disease.

Question 11

The nurse concludes that the client who is receiving chemotherapy is in danger of infection when the absolute granulocyte count drops to less than

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse concludes that the client who...

Question 12

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the S phase of the cell life cycle?

Accepted Answer

Methotrexate is a folate antagonist that targets the S phase of the cell cycle by inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase, which is essential for DNA synthesis. Asparaginase is an enzyme that targets cancer cells by breaking down the amino acid asparagine, but it does not have a specific cell cycle phase target. Bleomycin targets the G2 phase of the cell cycle by causing DNA breakage. Vincristine targets the M phase of the cell cycle by blocking the spindle apparatus that is responsible for separating chromosomes during cell division.

Question 13

The nurse would try to prevent or reduce chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting by taking which of the following actions?

Accepted Answer

Administering an antiemetic 1 to 3 hours before chemotherapy is administered is the most effective way to prevent or reduce chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Providing liquids at meal times only, administering hot and cold foods every 2 hours, and increasing mobility before and after eating are not direct interventions for preventing or reducing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Question 14

Nursing interventions associated with the nursing diagnosis of impaired oral mucous membranes related to stomatitis include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Providing soothing foods such as cool foods (Popsicles), bland foods, or cool liquids can help relieve the discomfort associated with impaired oral mucous membranes related to stomatitis. Encouraging spicy or acidic foods in moderation may further irritate the mucous membranes. Continued dental checks or dental work while receiving chemotherapy may not directly address the issue of impaired oral mucous membranes, although it is important for overall oral health. Inspecting the oral cavity at least once weekly for any changes can help detect any worsening of symptoms.

Question 15

A client is experiencing bone marrow suppression as an adverse effect of chemotherapy used to treat cancer.The nurse administers which of the following medications to increase the client's platelet count?

Accepted Answer

Oprelvekin is a medication used to increase platelet count in patients undergoing chemotherapy-induced bone marrow suppression. Filgrastim (A) is used to increase white blood cells, and Epoetin alfa (B) is used to treat anemia. Tamsulosin (D) is used to treat symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia, and has no effect on platelet count.

Question 16

The pediatric oncology nurse shares with a group of new nurses being oriented on the unit that which of the following cancers is most common in children?

Accepted Answer

Leukemia is the most common type of cancer in children, accounting for approximately 30% of all childhood cancer cases. The other options listed are less common in children.

Question 17

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the G₂ phase of the cell life cycle?

Accepted Answer

Paclitaxel is a microtubule-stabilizing agent that specifically targets the G₂ phase of the cell cycle. Fludarabine is a nucleoside analogue that targets DNA synthesis and is not specific to any particular phase of the cell cycle. Asparaginase is an enzyme that deprives cancer cells of the amino acid asparagine, but it is not cell-cycle specific. Vinorelbine targets microtubules, but it affects the G2/M phase of the cell cycle rather than the G₂ phase.

Question 18

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the selection of drugs used in the MOPP protocol?

Accepted Answer

The MOPP protocol stands for mechlorethamine, vincristine (Oncovin), procarbazine, and prednisone. Mechlorethamine is an alkylating agent that interferes with DNA replication, which makes option C the correct statement. Option A is incorrect because prednisone is not a monoamine oxidase inhibitor and is active in the G1 phase. Option B is incorrect because vincristine works by disrupting the mitotic spindle, not stimulating it. Option D is also incorrect because while procarbazine does have lympholytic properties, it is not used for improving appetite or feelings of well-being.

Question 19

The nurse is aware that which of the following should not be used as a sole factor in a decision reducing the dose of a chemotherapeutic drug for an older adult client?

Accepted Answer

Age should not be the sole factor in reducing the dose of a chemotherapeutic drug for an older adult client. Other factors such as concurrent illnesses, reduced renal function, and decreased bone marrow cellularity should also be considered.

Question 20

The nurse administers which of the following drugs on the medication administration record concurrently with doxorubicin to prevent or diminish chemotherapy-induced cardiac toxicity?

Accepted Answer

Dexrazoxane (Zinecard) is a cardioprotective drug that can be given concurrently with doxorubicin to prevent or reduce chemotherapy-induced cardiac toxicity. Desmopressin (CCAVP), Dexamethasone (Decadron), and Desirudin (Iprivask) are not cardioprotective drugs and do not have an effect on chemotherapy-induced cardiac toxicity.

Quiz 55: Principles of Antineoplastic Chemotherapy

Which of the following laboratory test results would be of least concern to the nurse who is recording a client's baseline status before chemotherapy for cancer is started?

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the G₁ phase of the cell life cycle?

A client with cancer will be receiving chemotherapy with cisplatin.To reduce the risk of renal toxicity,the nurse anticipates an order for which of the following drugs to preserve renal tissue?

When a client is scheduled to receive cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) ,the nurse places highest priority on ensuring that the client

A client with cancer will be receiving chemotherapy with ifosfamide.To reduce the risk of hemorrhagic cystitis,the nurse anticipates an order for which of the following drugs?

A client is experiencing bone marrow suppression as an adverse effect of chemotherapy used to treat cancer.The nurse administers which of the following medications to increase the client's white blood cell count?

Which of the following statements is the most appropriate to share with a client who is wondering about the alopecia that occurs as a result of chemotherapy?

What is the physiologic effect of prednisone that the nurse expects to assess in a client who is receiving the MOPP treatment?

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the M phase of the cell life cycle?

A client is experiencing bone marrow suppression as an adverse effect of chemotherapy used to treat cancer.The nurse administers which of the following medications to increase the client's red blood cell count?

The nurse concludes that the client who is receiving chemotherapy is in danger of infection when the absolute granulocyte count drops to less than

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the S phase of the cell life cycle?

The nurse would try to prevent or reduce chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting by taking which of the following actions?

Nursing interventions associated with the nursing diagnosis of impaired oral mucous membranes related to stomatitis include which of the following?

A client is experiencing bone marrow suppression as an adverse effect of chemotherapy used to treat cancer.The nurse administers which of the following medications to increase the client's platelet count?

The pediatric oncology nurse shares with a group of new nurses being oriented on the unit that which of the following cancers is most common in children?

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the G₂ phase of the cell life cycle?

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the selection of drugs used in the MOPP protocol?

The nurse is aware that which of the following should not be used as a sole factor in a decision reducing the dose of a chemotherapeutic drug for an older adult client?

The nurse administers which of the following drugs on the medication administration record concurrently with doxorubicin to prevent or diminish chemotherapy-induced cardiac toxicity?

Quiz 55: Principles of Antineoplastic Chemotherapy

Which of the following laboratory test results would be of least concern to the nurse who is recording a client's baseline status before chemotherapy for cancer is started?

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the G1 phase of the cell life cycle?

A client with cancer will be receiving chemotherapy with cisplatin.To reduce the risk of renal toxicity,the nurse anticipates an order for which of the following drugs to preserve renal tissue?

When a client is scheduled to receive cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) ,the nurse places highest priority on ensuring that the client

A client with cancer will be receiving chemotherapy with ifosfamide.To reduce the risk of hemorrhagic cystitis,the nurse anticipates an order for which of the following drugs?

A client is experiencing bone marrow suppression as an adverse effect of chemotherapy used to treat cancer.The nurse administers which of the following medications to increase the client's white blood cell count?

Which of the following statements is the most appropriate to share with a client who is wondering about the alopecia that occurs as a result of chemotherapy?

What is the physiologic effect of prednisone that the nurse expects to assess in a client who is receiving the MOPP treatment?

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the M phase of the cell life cycle?

A client is experiencing bone marrow suppression as an adverse effect of chemotherapy used to treat cancer.The nurse administers which of the following medications to increase the client's red blood cell count?

The nurse concludes that the client who is receiving chemotherapy is in danger of infection when the absolute granulocyte count drops to less than

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the S phase of the cell life cycle?

The nurse would try to prevent or reduce chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting by taking which of the following actions?

Nursing interventions associated with the nursing diagnosis of impaired oral mucous membranes related to stomatitis include which of the following?

A client is experiencing bone marrow suppression as an adverse effect of chemotherapy used to treat cancer.The nurse administers which of the following medications to increase the client's platelet count?

The pediatric oncology nurse shares with a group of new nurses being oriented on the unit that which of the following cancers is most common in children?

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the G2 phase of the cell life cycle?

Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the selection of drugs used in the MOPP protocol?

The nurse is aware that which of the following should not be used as a sole factor in a decision reducing the dose of a chemotherapeutic drug for an older adult client?

The nurse administers which of the following drugs on the medication administration record concurrently with doxorubicin to prevent or diminish chemotherapy-induced cardiac toxicity?

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the G₁ phase of the cell life cycle?

Which of the following chemotherapeutic drugs is considered to be cell-cycle specific for the G₂ phase of the cell life cycle?